Anum Ali, Ella Huszti, Shahryar Noordin, Usman Ali, Joanna E M Sale
{"title":"Examining treatment targets and equity in bone-active medication use within secondary fracture prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Anum Ali, Ella Huszti, Shahryar Noordin, Usman Ali, Joanna E M Sale","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07078-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07078-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review seeks to evaluate the proportion of fragility fracture patients screened in secondary fracture prevention programs who were indicated for pharmacological treatment, received prescriptions for bone-active medications, and initiated the prescribed medication. Additionally, the study aims to analyze equity in pharmacological treatment by examining equity-related variables including age, sex, gender, race, education, income, and geographic location.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review to ascertain the proportion of fragility fracture patients indicated for treatment who received prescriptions and/or initiated bone-active medication through secondary fracture prevention programs. We also examined treatment indications reported in studies and eligibility criteria to confirm patients who were eligible for treatment. To compute the pooled proportions for medication prescription and initiation, we carried out a single group proportional meta-analysis. We also extracted the proportions of patients who received a prescription and/or began treatment based on age, sex, race, education, socioeconomic status, location, and chronic conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included 122 studies covering 114 programs. The pooled prescription rate was 77%, and the estimated medication initiation rate was 71%. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference in treatment initiation between the Fracture Liaison Service and other programs. Across all studies, age, sex, and socioeconomic status were the only equity variables reported in relation to treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our systematic review emphasizes the need for standardized reporting guidelines in post-fracture interventions. Moreover, considering equity stratifiers in the analysis of health outcomes will help address inequities and improve the overall quality and reach of secondary fracture prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1497-1511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Everts-Graber, Mathias Wenger, Sven Oser, Ueli Studer, Christian Steiner, Hans-Rudolf Ziswiler, Karoline Sromek, Gernot Schmid, Brigitta Gahl, HansJörg Häuselmann, Stephan Reichenbach, Thomas Lehmann
{"title":"The effect of romosozumab on bone mineral density depending on prior treatment: a prospective, multicentre cohort study in Switzerland.","authors":"Judith Everts-Graber, Mathias Wenger, Sven Oser, Ueli Studer, Christian Steiner, Hans-Rudolf Ziswiler, Karoline Sromek, Gernot Schmid, Brigitta Gahl, HansJörg Häuselmann, Stephan Reichenbach, Thomas Lehmann","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07155-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07155-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This multicentre, prospective cohort study measured the effect of romosozumab for 12 months on bone mineral density, taking into account prior therapies. Prior antiresorptive therapy blunted the BMD response to romosozumab, and the duration was correlated with BMD changes at both the lumbar spine and total hip.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Switzerland, romosozumab is administered to high-risk osteoporosis patients. Our study aimed to assess the effect of romosozumab on bone mineral density (BMD), taking into account prior therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre, prospective cohort study measured the effect of romosozumab for 12 months in patients in a nationwide Swiss osteoporosis registry. BMD and bone turnover marker (P1NP and CTX) changes were measured and compared between pre-treated and treatment naïve patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-nine patients (92 women and 7 men, median age 71 years [65, 76]) were enrolled from January 2021 to December 2023. Among them, 22 had no prior treatment before romosozumab, while 77 had previous therapy (including 23 with a history of prior teriparatide therapy), with a median duration of 6 years [4, 11] of cumulative antiresorptive treatment. Over 12 months, romosozumab led to BMD changes of 10.3% [7.5, 15.5] at the lumbar spine, 3.1% [1.1, 5.8] at the total hip and 3.1% [0.5, 5.3] at the femoral neck, indicating notable variability. Significantly lower BMD responses were observed in pre-treated patients, with the duration of prior antiresorptive therapy inversely associated with BMD increases at the lumbar spine and hip. Other predictors of BMD changes at the total hip included baseline T-scores at the hip, body mass index and baseline CTX level, while the BMD response at the lumbar spine was associated with the lumbar spine T-score at baseline, age and baseline CTX level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prior antiresorptive therapy blunted the BMD response to romosozumab, and the duration was correlated with BMD changes at both the lumbar spine and total hip.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1605-1613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epidemiology of hip fractures in Thailand.","authors":"Natthinee Charatcharoenwitthaya, Hataikarn Nimitphong, Lalita Wattanachanya, Thawee Songpatanasilp, Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul, Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Khemajira Karaketklang","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07140-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07140-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study examining hip fracture incidence, hip fracture trends, and the annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures in a population aged 50 years and older within the Universal Health Coverage System revealed that the incidence of hip fractures and the annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures increased significantly from 2013 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the annual incidence of hip fractures over 10 years (2013-2022), hip fracture trends, and the annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures in a population aged 50 years and older within the Universal Health Coverage System.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted. Hip fracture hospitalizations were identified using ICD-10. Data on the number of hip fracture hospitalizations, population aged ≥ 50 years, and hospitalization costs were obtained. The primary outcome was the annual incidence of hip fractures. The secondary outcomes were hip fracture incidence by 5-year age group, the annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures, and the number of hip fractures in 6 regions of Thailand.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hip fracture incidence increased annually from 2013-2019 and then plateaued from 2019-2022, with the crude incidence (per 100,000 population) increasing from 112.7 in 2013 to 146.7 in 2019 and 146.9 in 2022. The age-standardized incidence (per 100,000 population) increased from 116.3 in 2013 to 145.1 in 2019 and remained at 140.7 in 2022. Increases in the crude incidence were observed in both sexes (34% in females and 21% in males; p < 0.05). The annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures increased 2.5-fold, from 17.3 million USD in 2013 to 42.8 million USD in 2022 (p < 0.001). The number of hip fractures increased in all six regions of Thailand across the 10-year study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osteoporotic hip fractures are a significant health concern in Thailand. The incidence and the annual hospitalization costs for hip fractures increased significantly from 2013 to 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1661-1668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua I Barzilay, Petra Buzkova, Suzette J Bielinski, Mary Frances Cotch, Bryan Kestenbaum, Thomas R Austin, Laura Carbone, Kenneth J Mukamal, Matthew J Budoff
{"title":"The association of microvascular disease and endothelial dysfunction with vertebral trabecular bone mineral density : The MESA study.","authors":"Joshua I Barzilay, Petra Buzkova, Suzette J Bielinski, Mary Frances Cotch, Bryan Kestenbaum, Thomas R Austin, Laura Carbone, Kenneth J Mukamal, Matthew J Budoff","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07152-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07152-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinopathy and albuminuria are associated with hip fracture risk. We investigated whether these disorders and endothelial dysfunction (which underlies microvascular diseases) were associated with low trabecular bone density. No significant associations were found, suggesting that microvascular diseases are not related to fracture risk through low trabecular bone density.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Microvascular diseases of the eye, kidney, and brain are associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased hip fracture risk. To explore the basis for higher hip fracture risk, we comprehensively examined whether markers of microvascular disease and/or endothelial dysfunction are related to trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), a proximate risk factor for osteoporotic fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 6814 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study (MESA), we derived thoracic vertebral trabecular BMD from computed tomography of the chest and measured urine albumin to creatinine ratios (UACR), retinal arteriolar and venular widths, flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery after 5 min of ischemia; and levels of five soluble endothelial adhesion markers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, L-selectin, P-selectin, and E-selectin). Linear regression models were used to examine the association of trabecular BMD with markers of microvascular disease and with markers of endothelial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed no significant associations of UACR, retinal arteriolar or venular widths, or FMD with BMD. We also observed no statistically significant association of spine trabecular BMD with levels of endothelial adhesion markers. Men and women had largely similar results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that there is little evidence to connect thoracic spine trabecular BMD to microvascular disorders or to endothelial dysfunction among multi-ethnic middle-aged and older adults. Other factors beyond trabecular BMD (e.g., bone quality or predisposition to falling) may be responsible for the associations of microvascular disease with osteoporotic fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1595-1604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Hestnes, L B Solberg, H E Meyer, M Sundet, R Rimal, L Nordsletten, K A Hakestad
{"title":"The hip fracture incidence in the high-risk area Oslo continues to decline.","authors":"I Hestnes, L B Solberg, H E Meyer, M Sundet, R Rimal, L Nordsletten, K A Hakestad","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07156-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07156-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oslo in Norway has had the highest incidence of hip fractures in the world. The incidence in Oslo has been thoroughly described every decade since the late 1970s. The incidence in Oslo has previously been higher compared to the rest of Norway but has now decreased to a level below the country average.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to report the incidence of hip fractures in Oslo in 2019 and compare it with the incidence rates from the previous four decades.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients residing in Oslo in 2019 with a new hip fracture identified by searching the Oslo hospital's patient administrative systems and protocols from the operating theaters. The diagnosis was verified through medical records and/or radiographs. To compare with previous studies, the direct standardization method was used with the population of Oslo in 2019 as the standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 758 hip fractures, 70% women, were identified in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rates per 10,000 person-years in 2019 (95% CI) were 45 (41.1-48.8) for women and 30 (25.8-33.8) for men. In women, there has been a continuous decline in age-standardized rates the last three decades and in men the last two decades. The most pronounced decline was seen in the oldest age groups over 70 years. There has been a secular decline in both cervical and trochanteric fractures; however, the decrease in trochanteric fractures was most distinct for males, with more than two times higher risk in 1996/1997 compared to 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incidence rates for hip fractures in Oslo in 2019 were the lowest rate reported since 1978. The decrease was significant for both men and women. For the first time, the incidence rates are below the national rates of Norway. However, the rates are still among the highest worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1615-1623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis A Cordova, David González-Quintanilla, Dominique Heymann
{"title":"Why are osteoporosis patients treated with antiresorptive therapies considered like oncology patients regarding their oral health care?","authors":"Luis A Cordova, David González-Quintanilla, Dominique Heymann","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07173-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07173-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1677-1678"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141458568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John A Kanis, Nicholas C Harvey, Mattias Lorentzon, Enwu Liu, Marian Schini, Bo Abrahamsen, Jonathan D Adachi, Majed Alokail, Fredrik Borgstrom, Olivier Bruyère, John J Carey, Patricia Clark, Cyrus Cooper, Elizabeth M Curtis, Elaine M Dennison, Manuel Díaz-Curiel, Hans P Dimai, Daniel Grigorie, Mickael Hiligsmann, Patricia Khashayar, Willem Lems, E Michael Lewiecki, Roman S Lorenc, Alexandra Papaioannou, Jean-Yves Reginster, René Rizzoli, Eric Shiroma, Stuart L Silverman, Eleanor Simonsick, Manuel Sosa-Henríquez, Pawel Szulc, Kate A Ward, Noriko Yoshimura, Helena Johansson, Liesbeth Vandenput, Eugene V McCloskey
{"title":"Race-specific FRAX models are evidence-based and support equitable care: a response to the ASBMR Task Force report on Clinical Algorithms for Fracture Risk.","authors":"John A Kanis, Nicholas C Harvey, Mattias Lorentzon, Enwu Liu, Marian Schini, Bo Abrahamsen, Jonathan D Adachi, Majed Alokail, Fredrik Borgstrom, Olivier Bruyère, John J Carey, Patricia Clark, Cyrus Cooper, Elizabeth M Curtis, Elaine M Dennison, Manuel Díaz-Curiel, Hans P Dimai, Daniel Grigorie, Mickael Hiligsmann, Patricia Khashayar, Willem Lems, E Michael Lewiecki, Roman S Lorenc, Alexandra Papaioannou, Jean-Yves Reginster, René Rizzoli, Eric Shiroma, Stuart L Silverman, Eleanor Simonsick, Manuel Sosa-Henríquez, Pawel Szulc, Kate A Ward, Noriko Yoshimura, Helena Johansson, Liesbeth Vandenput, Eugene V McCloskey","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07162-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07162-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Task Force on 'Clinical Algorithms for Fracture Risk' commissioned by the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) Professional Practice Committee has recommended that FRAX® models in the US do not include adjustment for race and ethnicity. This position paper finds that an agnostic model would unfairly discriminate against the Black, Asian and Hispanic communities and recommends the retention of ethnic and race-specific FRAX models for the US, preferably with updated data on fracture and death hazards. In contrast, the use of intervention thresholds based on a fixed bone mineral density unfairly discriminates against the Black, Asian and Hispanic communities in the US. This position of the Working Group on Epidemiology and Quality of Life of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) is endorsed both by the IOF and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1487-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mafruha Mahmud, David John Muscatello, Md Bayzidur Rahman, Nicholas John Osborne
{"title":"Association between socioeconomic deprivation and bone health status in the UK biobank cohort participants.","authors":"Mafruha Mahmud, David John Muscatello, Md Bayzidur Rahman, Nicholas John Osborne","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07115-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07115-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of deprivation on total bone health status has not been well defined. We examined the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and poor bone health and falls and we found a significant association. The finding could be beneficial for current public health strategies to minimise disparities in bone health.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with many illnesses including increased fracture incidence in older people. However, the effect of deprivation on total bone health status has not been well defined. To examine the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and poor bone health and falls, we conducted a cross-sectional study using baseline measures from the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank cohort comprising 502,682 participants aged 40-69 years at recruitment during 2006-2010.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We examined four outcomes: 1) low bone mineral density/osteopenia, 2) fall in last year, 3) fracture in the last five years, and 4) fracture from a simple fall in the last five years. To measure socioeconomic deprivation, we used the Townsend index of the participant's residential postcode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 29% of participants had low bone density (T-score of heel < -1 standard deviation), 20% reported a fall in the previous year, and 10% reported a fracture in the previous five years. Among participants experiencing a fracture, 60% reported the cause as a simple fall. In the multivariable logistic regression model after controlling for other covariates, the odds of a fall, fracture in the last five years, fractures from simple fall, and osteopenia were respectively 1.46 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42-1.49), 1.26 times (95% CI 1.22-1.30), 1.31 times (95% CI 1.26-1.36) and 1.16 times (95% CI 1.13-1.19) higher for the most deprived compared with the least deprived quantile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Socioeconomic deprivation was significantly associated with poor bone health and falls. This research could be beneficial to minimise social disparities in bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1573-1584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleftheria Gkaniatsa, Tatiana Zverkova Sandström, Annika Rosengren, Penelope Trimpou, Andreas Muth, Gudmundur Johannsson, Oskar Ragnarsson
{"title":"Hip fractures in patients with primary aldosteronism - a Swedish nationwide study.","authors":"Eleftheria Gkaniatsa, Tatiana Zverkova Sandström, Annika Rosengren, Penelope Trimpou, Andreas Muth, Gudmundur Johannsson, Oskar Ragnarsson","doi":"10.1007/s00198-024-07132-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00198-024-07132-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this large population-based matched cohort study, patients with primary aldosteronism were at increased risk of hip fracture, particularly subgroups traditionally considered at higher risk of osteoporosis such as women, patients older than 56 years at diagnosis, patients with established cardiovascular disease at diagnosis, and patients treated with MRA.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous studies suggest that primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with dysregulated bone homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of hip fractures in patients with PA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied a nationwide cohort of 2419 patients with PA (1997-2019) and 24 187 age and sex matched controls from the general population. Hip fractures were identified by ICD codes in the Swedish National Patient Register. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for incident hip fractures, adjusted for prior fractures, socioeconomic factors, diabetes, osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pairwise subgroup comparisons were performed by age (18-56 and > 56 years), sex, CVD at baseline, and treatment for PA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow up of 8 ± 5 years, 64 (2.6%) patients had a hip fracture after being diagnosed with PA, compared to 401 (1.7%) controls. After adjustments, PA was associated with a 55% increased risk of hip fracture compared to controls (HR 1.55 [1.18-2.03]). HRs were increased in women (HR 1.76 [95% CI 1.24-2.52]), patients aged > 56 years (HR 1.62 [95% CI 1.21-2.17]), and patients with CVD at diagnosis (HR 2.15 [95% CI 1.37-3.37]). PA patients treated with adrenalectomy did not have higher risk than controls (HR 0.84 [95% CI 0.35-2.0]), while patients treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) retained a greater risk (HR 1.84 [95% CI 1.20-2.83]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PA is associated with increased hip fracture risk, especially in women, patients diagnosed after the age of 56 years and patients with established CVD at diagnosis. Also, patients treated with MRA seem to have an increased risk of hip fractures, while adrenalectomy may be protective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19638,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis International","volume":" ","pages":"1585-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141262425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}