Ophthalmic GeneticsPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2294844
Sekita Dalsgård Petersen, Mohamed Belmouhand, Jens Michael Hertz, Christina Fagerberg, Charlotte Brasch-Andersen, Jakob Grauslund, Francis L Munier, Michael Larsen
{"title":"Frail inner limiting membrane maculopathy suggested to describe a new retinal Alport-like condition with two variants in three generations of females.","authors":"Sekita Dalsgård Petersen, Mohamed Belmouhand, Jens Michael Hertz, Christina Fagerberg, Charlotte Brasch-Andersen, Jakob Grauslund, Francis L Munier, Michael Larsen","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2023.2294844","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2023.2294844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We report a three-generation family with isolated Alport-like retinal abnormalities in the absence of lenticonus, hearing loss, kidney disease, and detectable molecular genetic defects in known Alport-related genes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical examination includes ocular biomicroscopy, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, dipstick urinalysis, serum creatinine assessment, and molecular genetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proband, her mother, and her maternal grandmother had normal best-corrected visual acuity and normal visual fields in both eyes. The macula presented a petaloid stair-case profile with scarce vessels in both eyes of the proband and a flat temporal macula lacking a foveal avascular zone in her mother and her grandmother. No family member had renal symptoms, unexplained subnormal hearing, or lenticonus. Sequencing and MLPA found no defect in <i>COL4A3</i>, <i>COL4A4</i>, and <i>COL4A5</i>. Common SNPs around the genes ± 1Mb showed no segregation. Furthermore, none of the variants shared between the affected individuals in genes from a gene panel of genes relevant for ophthalmopathy nor whole exome- and genome sequencing explained the phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A new condition with two retinal Alport-like phenotypes was found. No abnormalities of the kidneys and lens were found, neither abnormalities of the type IV collagen genes related to Alport syndrome. Homology with retinal abnormalities seen in patients after surgical removal of the inner limiting membrane of the retina suggests that this is where the defect is located. We therefore suggest that the new retinal phenotypes and similar phenotypes can be described with the new definition \"frail inner limiting membrane maculopathy.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"281-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biallelic novel variants in <i>ZNF469</i> causing Brittle Cornea Syndrome 1: a detailed report of an Indian patient.","authors":"Shifali Gupta, Anu Kumari, Roshan Daniel, Sonam Yangzes, Priyanka Srivastava, Anupriya Kaur","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2303690","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2303690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variations in <i>ZNF469</i> have been associated with Brittle Cornea Syndrome that presents with bluish sclera, loss of vision after trivial trauma, arachnodactyly, and joint laxity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Detailed medical and family history, physical examination, and molecular analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 21-year-old female presented with bluish discoloration of sclera, diminution of vision following trivial trauma in childhood along with hearing loss and systemic features of arachnodactyly and joint laxity. Clinical diagnosis of brittle cornea syndrome was made which was molecularly proven using next-generation sequencing which identified compound heterozygosity in <i>ZNF469</i> for pathogenic and likely pathogenic nonsense variants. One variant namely NM_001367624.2:c.5882dup was identified in the exon 3 which was novel and classified as likely pathogenic according to American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) criteria for variant classification. Another variant NM_001367624.2:c.8992C>T in the exon 2 was classified as pathogenic for Brittle Cornea Syndrome 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The report adds to the allelic heterogeneity in <i>ZNF469</i> causative of Brittle Cornea Syndrome 1 and shall acquaint the physicians about this potentially vision threatening, underdiagnosed, rare syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"294-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Haplotype-based association study of TCF7L2 gene variants with the development of diabetic retinopathy in an Iranian population.","authors":"Leila Alidoust, Alireza Sharafshah, Parvaneh Keshavarz","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2318611","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2318611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized as one of the most prevalent complications of diabetes and a major cause of morbidity. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), a pivotal component in the Wnt-signaling pathway, plays a significant role in β-cell development, blood-glucose homeostasis, cell survival, cell migration, and cell proliferation. Thus, this study aimed to assess the association between TCF7L2 variants (rs7903146, rs11196205, and rs12255372) with DR in a population-based association study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>DNA was extracted from whole blood of all subjects by salting-out procedure. Total 524 T2DM patients including 234 T2DM individuals without DR and 290 T2DM individuals with DR were genotyped by TaqMan assay technology. Clinical characteristics of subjects were conducted to evaluate the plausible association between TCF7L2 variants and DR with univariate linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic analysis between case and control groups revealed significant differences in FBS, HbA1c, lipidemia, heart disease, and family history of T2DM (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in either genotypes distribution or allele frequency (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between T2DM individuals with and without DR in any models of inheritance. Genotype-phenotype association showed no significant association. Result of analysis indicated that HbAlc with adjusted OR of 1.8 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and first-degree relatives of family history with adjusted OR of 3.04 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) were significantly associated with DR. Finally, haplotype analysis showed no noticeable association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, there was no significant genetic association between rs7903146, rs11196205, and rs12255372 with DR among T2DM Iranians; however, these variants may play unknown roles in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"226-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>RPE65</i> mutations in Leber congenital amaurosis, early-onset severe retinal dystrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa from a tertiary eye care center in India.","authors":"Deepika C Parameswarappa, Deepak Kumar Bagga, Abhishek Upadhyaya, Jeyapoorani Balasubramanian, Venkatesh Pochaboina, Vani Muthineni, Subhadra Jalali, Chitra Kannabiran","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2309559","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2309559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mutations in the retinal pigment epithelial 65 kilodalton protein (<i>RPE65</i>) gene are associated with various inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), including Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), early-onset severe retinal dystrophy (EOSRD), and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We screened for mutations in <i>RPE65</i> in a series of Indian patients with these IRDs to determine the frequency/types of mutations and to describe the associated phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Diagnosis of LCA, EOSRD, and RP was made by standard and pre-defined criteria. Patients were evaluated by clinical, retinal imaging, and electrophysiological parameters. Genomic DNA from patients and available family members were used for identifying mutations by direct Sanger sequencing of the <i>RPE65</i> gene or targeted NGS gene panel for IRDs covering 260+ genes. Variations detected were tested in healthy control populations and for co-segregation with the disease in available family members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mutations were found in eight patients, out of 220 total cases screened, all homozygous for the respective mutant alleles. Seven patients had mutations leading to premature termination codons and one patient had a missense change. The onset of visual loss ranged from birth to <2 years of life. At presentation, RPE mottling in the background retina was present in all cases with macular involvement in five cases with or without vascular attenuation and optic disc pallor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>RPE65</i> mutations in this series were found in 3.6% of cases associated with severe, early-onset disease, with consistent RPE mottling and variable manifestations with regard to the extent of disc pallor, arteriolar attenuation, and appearance of the macula.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"303-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ophthalmic GeneticsPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2285310
Anshuman Verma, Dilip Kumar Mishra, Deepak P Edward, Muralidhar Ramappa
{"title":"Band-shaped keratopathy in <i>HNF4A</i>-related Fanconi syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Anshuman Verma, Dilip Kumar Mishra, Deepak P Edward, Muralidhar Ramappa","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2023.2285310","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2023.2285310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fanconi's syndrome (FS) is characterized by type-2 renal tubular acidosis, short stature, and renal rickets, along with glycosuria, aminoaciduria, hypophosphaturia, and urinary bicarbonate wasting. The genetic form of FS has been linked to HNF4A variants. Although additional clinical features such as hearing impairment have recently been associated with HNF4A-linked FS, its ocular manifestation has not been described.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Presenting a case of a 5-year-old male child with bilateral progressive corneal opacification and the presence of bilateral greyish-white deposits in the interpalpebral region since infancy. A next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based genetic testing was performed for the child followed by parental genetic testing for the identified variant. Furthermore, relevant works of literature were reviewed related to this condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Detailed corneal findings showed a bilateral band-shaped keratopathy (BSK) in the patient. Physical and systemic findings showed signs consistent with FS. Sequencing analysis revealed a novel heterozygous c.635C>T, (p.Pro212Leu) variant in the HNF4A gene in the proband and mother, while the father had a normal genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our case highlights the occurrence of BSK in an exceptionally rare manifestation of hereditary FS linked to HNF4A gene variant. The variant exists both in proband and asymptomatic mother. Therefore, the variable penetrance which is known to exist in HNF4A is acknowledged in this context. This report suggests the first documented instance establishing a plausible connection between BSK and HNF4A-associated FS, characterized by the variable penetrance attributed to the HNF4A gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"246-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ophthalmic GeneticsPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2303786
Diego Ruiz-Chavolla, Tania Barragán-Arévalo, Daniel Cortes-Muñoz, Jhoana Sánchez-Ruiz, Juan Carlos Zenteno, Gerardo Ledesma-Gil
{"title":"Macular atrophy and focal choroidal excavation in a patient with <i>JAG1</i>- related alagille syndrome.","authors":"Diego Ruiz-Chavolla, Tania Barragán-Arévalo, Daniel Cortes-Muñoz, Jhoana Sánchez-Ruiz, Juan Carlos Zenteno, Gerardo Ledesma-Gil","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2303786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2303786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alagille syndrome (AGS) is a genetic disease with multisystemic affection, including ocular manifestations. Recently, a high frequency of posterior segment findings, including macular changes, has been reported. This publication aims to report an unusual finding of macular atrophy and a focal choroidal excavation in a patient with JAG1 related AGS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This publication describes an atypical presentation of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) and unilateral macular atrophy in a 7-year-old male with Alagille syndrome (AGS). Genetic analysis revealed a pathogenic variant in the JAG1 gene. Ophthalmological examination and imaging findings demonstrated characteristic ocular manifestations of AGS, including posterior embryotoxon, chorioretinal atrophy, and thinning of the choroid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of FCE in AGS is uncommon, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Further exploration of similar cases is necessary to better understand the evolution and visual prognosis in patients with AGS and FCE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"299-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>PAX6</i> gene promoter methylation is correlated with myopia in Chinese adolescents: a pilot sutdy.","authors":"Danjie Jiang, Shujuan Lin, Qinghai Gong, Jia Hong, Jinghui Wang, Hua Gao, Yanbo Guo, Feng Tong, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2315152","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2315152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that myopia is a complex disease involving genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of PAX6 gene methylation in myopia in Chinese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty junior high school students were divided into four groups based on their vision test results: mild myopia, moderate myopia, severe myopia, and non-myopia control. The methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter was detected by bisulfate pyrosequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The methylation level of PAX6 gene in myopia group (8.06% ± 1.43%) was slightly but significantly higher than that in non-myopia controls (7.26% ± 1.17%). In addition, PAX6 gene methylation levels presented a decreasing pattern along with the aggravation of myopia. Post-hoc analysis indicated significant inter-group differences for the mild myopia group and other groups (All <i>p</i> < .05). In the subgroup analysis by gender, the methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter in girls was higher than that in boys (<i>p</i> = .023). The ROC curves showed a high accuracy of PAX6 gene methylation to predict mild myopia (AUC (95% CI) = 0.828 (0.709-0.947), <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The methylation of PAX6 gene might play a role in the onset and progression of myopia in Chinese adolescents. And this could potentially explore the potential molecular mechanisms of juvenile myopia in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"219-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Karuntu, F. Klouwer, Marc Engelen, C. J. F. Boon
{"title":"Systematic study of ophthalmological findings in 10 patients with PEX1-mediated Zellweger spectrum disorder.","authors":"J. Karuntu, F. Klouwer, Marc Engelen, C. J. F. Boon","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2330389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2024.2330389","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000This cross-sectional study describes the ophthalmological and general phenotype of 10 patients from six different families with a comparatively mild form of Zellweger spectrum disorder (ZSD), a rare peroxisomal disorder.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Ophthalmological assessment included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), perimetry, microperimetry, ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging. Medical records were reviewed for medical history and systemic manifestations of ZSD.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Nine patients were homozygous for c.2528 G > A (p.Gly843Asp) variants in PEX1 and one patient was compound heterozygous for c.2528 G>A (p.Gly843Asp) and c.2097_2098insT (p.Ile700TyrfsTer42) in PEX1. Median age was 22.6 years (interquartile range (IQR): 15.9 - 29.9 years) at the most recent examination, with a median symptom duration of 22.1 years. Symptom onset was variable with presentations of hearing loss (n = 7) or nyctalopia/reduced visual acuity (n = 3) at a median age of 6 months (IQR: 1.9-8.3 months). BCVA (median of 0.8 logMAR; IQR: 0.6-0.9 logMAR) remained stable over 10.8 years and all patients were hyperopic. Fundus examination revealed a variable retinitis pigmentosa (RP)-like phenotype with rounded hyperpigmentations as most prominent feature in six out of nine patients. Electroretinography, visual field measurements, and microperimetry further established the RP-like phenotype. Multimodal imaging revealed significant intraretinal fluid cavities on SD-OCT and a remarkable pattern of hyperautofluorescent abnormalities on FAF in all patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000This study highlights the ophthalmological phenotype resembling RP with moderate to severe visual impairment in patients with mild ZSD. These findings can aid ophthalmologists in diagnosing, counselling, and managing patients with mild ZSD.","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":"27 3","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aran Koye, Mattias Nilsson, David Epstein, Mikael Oscarson, Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm
{"title":"Visual functions, ocular characteristics and visual quality of life in patients with homocystinuria","authors":"Aran Koye, Mattias Nilsson, David Epstein, Mikael Oscarson, Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm","doi":"10.1080/13816810.2024.2339959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2024.2339959","url":null,"abstract":"Homocystinuria (HCU) is a rare metabolic disease that affects many organs, including the eyes. Aims: to assess visual functions, ocular characteristics, visual quality of life and time from the ons...","PeriodicalId":19594,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Genetics","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}