Clinical and genetic characteristics of simple central serous chorioretinopathy according to age.

Purpose: To investigate whether genetic and clinical characteristics differ depending on generations using 326 patients (male/female, 259/67; mean age, 55.4 ± 12.5 years) with simple CSC.

Methods: All patients were diagnosed with simple CSC, defined as a retinal pigment epithelium alteration area equal to or smaller than 2-disc areas based on multimodal imaging at the initial presentation. We cross-sectionally evaluated clinical characteristics at the initial visit and genotyped CFH rs800292 and rs1329428 for all patients using TaqMan technology.

Results: As generations decreased, the proportion of males, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and prevalence of fibrin significantly increased (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.012, respectively), and the best-corrected visual acuity improved (p < 0.001); in contrast, the prevalence of pachydrusen significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The younger presentation was significantly associated with male and risk variants (T allele) of CFH rs1329428 (p = 9.1 × 10^-7 and p = 0.042, respectively), and patients were estimated to present 2 years younger per one T allele of CFH rs1329428 (p = 0.042, β = -1.95, stepwise regression analysis).

Conclusion: Clinical and genetic characteristics differed significantly among patients with simple CSC, depending on their generation.