Open Access Journal of Science最新文献_第4页

Multipurpose technology for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil (first phase: prototype design) 土壤一次复耕同时准备的多用途技术(第一阶段:原型设计)

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00178

Marco Antonio Reynolds Chávez, Ángel Capetillo Burela, J. A. López López, Rigoberto Zetina Lezama, M. C. Zapata, Jaime Rangel Quintos

{"title":"Multipurpose technology for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil (first phase: prototype design)","authors":"Marco Antonio Reynolds Chávez, Ángel Capetillo Burela, J. A. López López, Rigoberto Zetina Lezama, M. C. Zapata, Jaime Rangel Quintos","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00178","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade in Mexico, the profitability of basic grain crops has decreased considerably due to low productivity caused by unfavorable soil and climatic conditions, which are aggravated by climate change. In addition, the variability of the international economic environment and the rise in fertilizer and fuel prices are factors that seriously affect the production of these food products. In this context, it is important to generate new practices and technological innovations that contribute to reducing these factors. There is an enormous technological lag in soil preparation. At present, the disk plow is still by far the most widely used implement for primary soil preparation in food production, causing high rates of soil loss due to erosion, hard layers, minimal use of moisture and, consequently, low productivity. On the other hand, it requires high power requirements, excessive operation times and high fuel consumption. The purpose of this research was to design a multipurpose prototype for the simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil for crop establishment, with the objective of reducing operation times and fuel consumption, but without detracting from the quality of the labor soil and increasing yields. The results show the design of a Multipurpose prototype, as a mechanical equipment integrated by three sections (chisel plow + harrow + lump breaker), which are combined for the simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil. This technology consists of a single step of soil conditioning (minimum tillage) for crop production, specifically basic grains.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90027202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multipurpose technology for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil (second phase: construction and evaluation of the prototype) 土壤一次和二次耕作同时准备的多用途技术(第二阶段:原型的构建和评估)

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00176

Marco Antonio Reynolds Chávez, Ángel Capetillo Burela, J. A. López López, Rigoberto Zetina Lezama, Martín Cadena Zapata, Jaime Rangel Quintos

{"title":"Multipurpose technology for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil (second phase: construction and evaluation of the prototype)","authors":"Marco Antonio Reynolds Chávez, Ángel Capetillo Burela, J. A. López López, Rigoberto Zetina Lezama, Martín Cadena Zapata, Jaime Rangel Quintos","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00176","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, the continuous increase in the prices of fossil fuels and agricultural fertilizers has led to a reduction in the area planted with crops, specifically basic grains. This situation has caused substantial ecological and economic losses and a national deficit in the production of basic grains, which has aggravated the economic and social situation of agricultural producers. Faced with these production growth limitations, it is important to generate new practices and innovations that contribute to reducing these factors. In soil preparation, which is considered one of the most costly activities in food production, there is an enormous technological lag. At present, the discs plow is still by far the most widely used implement for primary soil preparation in food production, causing high rates of soil loss due to erosion, hard layers, minimal use of moisture and, consequently, low productivity. Likewise, it requires high power requirements, excessive operation times and high fuel consumption. The purpose of this research was the construction and evaluation of a prototype for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil for crop establishment to reduce operation times and fuel consumption, without detriment to the quality of work and increase yields. The results show a mechanical equipment integrated by three sections (chisel plow + harrow + lump breaker), which are combined for the simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil. This technology is responsible for performing in a single step, the soil conditioning for crop production, significantly surpassing the conventional system.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79900221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical models for growth and yield prediction of agar (Aquilaria malaccensis lamk) plantations in Bangladesh 孟加拉国琼脂(木香)人工林生长和产量预测的数学模型

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00175

S. Islam, Mak Chowdhury, K. Misbahuzzaman

{"title":"Mathematical models for growth and yield prediction of agar (Aquilaria malaccensis lamk) plantations in Bangladesh","authors":"S. Islam, Mak Chowdhury, K. Misbahuzzaman","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00175","url":null,"abstract":"Agar (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk, Family- Thymeleaceae) has drawn unique position due to the production of world’s most expensive essential oil used in fragrances and as medicine. It is one of the most valuable and economically important commercial tree species planted in some potential forest areas of Bangladesh. The growth rate and yield of the species in Bangladesh are not known. Therefore, for scientific management of the forest necessity of the growth and yield models for the species were felt. The present study was made to derive mathematical models for growth and yield of this species in Bangladesh based on site indices. The models were developed through establishment of permanent sample plots (PSPs) and temporary sample plots (TSPs) with area 0.02 ha and shape is circular and rectangular. Diameter at breast height and total height of all trees in the plots were measured for four successive years from PSPs. Step-wise method and all probable combinations of the independent variables method were used to select the best suited models subject to the satisfaction of the statistical and biological requirements. Models were selected to estimate the stand stocking, stand height, stand diameter, stand basal area and stand volume yield per hectare. The yield prediction models derived in the study could satisfactorily be used for Agar tree plantations within stand age of 3.5 to 17.5 years and site indices of 8. To 20.0 meters based on a base age of 12 years.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75421640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sizing of pressure aeration systems for stored grain 储粮加压曝气系统的选型

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00174

D. C. Carvalho Lopes, A. J. Steidle Neto

{"title":"Sizing of pressure aeration systems for stored grain","authors":"D. C. Carvalho Lopes, A. J. Steidle Neto","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00174","url":null,"abstract":"Aeration is widely used to cool grain, preserving the physical conditions of the stored product and appearing as one of the most important practices of the postharvest sector in terms of food security. The proper sizing of the aeration system components is essential for guaranteeing the correct operation and management of this preventive technique. Either pressure or suction airflow could be used in most grain storage structures, with pressure systems being most popular. In this article, procedures required when sizing pressure aeration systems for stored grain are discussed. The main equations and recommendations for selecting the proper fan power and size are presented, aiming at allowing to deliver the adequate aeration airflow rate for grain storage during aeration. Technical information about how to calculate the dimensions of roof vents are also showed, in order to provide natural ventilation inside the storage and avoid under-roof condensation. Additionally, a methodology for calculating the dimensions of the aeration perforated ducts is proposed, aiming at suitable uniformity of airflow in the grain mass during this process. Technical and scientific information described in the literature were integrated with empirical rules and recommendations, resulting in a guideline capable of helping students and engineers that need to size pressure grain aeration systems for flat and cylindrical bins.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87604605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different levels of phosphorus and bradyrhizobium inocula on the productivity and protein content of mungbean (vigna radiata l. wilczek) 不同磷水平和接种缓生根瘤菌对绿豆产量和蛋白质含量的影响

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00173

Abdul Hannan, M. Huda, M. Sultana, Md. Robiul Alam, Md. Ariful Islam

{"title":"Effects of different levels of phosphorus and bradyrhizobium inocula on the productivity and protein content of mungbean (vigna radiata l. wilczek)","authors":"Abdul Hannan, M. Huda, M. Sultana, Md. Robiul Alam, Md. Ariful Islam","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00173","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is one of the major limiting nutrients to mung bean production. However, the use of imbalance P nutrient and lack of inocula decreased the mungbean yield in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study has been untaken to study the effect of different phosphorus levels and Bradyrhizobium inocula on the yield and protein content of mungbean. Treatment comprised of four levels of phosphorus - P0, P30, P60, P90 (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1 respectively) and strains of Bradyrhizobium inocula - I0, I1, I2 and I3 (not inoculated, inoculation with BINA-MB-THA 301, BINA-MB 441 and BINA-MB 301). The highest seed yield (1066.3 kg ha-1) was obtained from P60 followed by P90 (957.7 kg ha-1) and P30 (870.5 kg ha-1) while the lowest seed yield (578.9 kg ha-1) was obtained from the control. Protein content was highest (24.5 %) in P90, followed by P60 (24.4%) and P30 (24.4 %), and the lowest (24.1 %) was obtained from control. Inoculation of seed increased the yield and yield components, and harvest index. Better performance of the yield components and protein content of seed was found with the inoculants I1. The I1 strain produce the highest seed yield (982.5 kg ha-1) while the lowest yield (670.5 kg ha-1) was obtained from uninoculated control plot. The highest protein content of mungbean seed (25.3 %) was estimated when I1 strain of Bradyrhizobium was used for seed inoculation. Among the treatment combinations, P60I1 provided better growth and yield performance and increased protein content of mungbean.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"429 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76638523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Application of nanotechnology for optimization of bleaching efficiency of edible oils 纳米技术在食用油漂白效率优化中的应用

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00172

Rania IM Almoselhy, Rania I.M. Almoselhy

引用次数: 1

Covid-19 vaccines – a marvel in healthcare innovation Covid-19疫苗——医疗保健创新的奇迹

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00171

Harshita Bhalani

引用次数: 0

Education of prisoners during the coronavirus pandemic on the example of Poland 冠状病毒大流行期间对囚犯的教育——以波兰为例

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00170

D. Pestka

{"title":"Education of prisoners during the coronavirus pandemic on the example of Poland","authors":"D. Pestka","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00170","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a discussion on education of prisoners during the coronavirus pandemic on the example of Poland. Education is an important tool in social rehabilitation of prisoners, which is provided to prepare them for the participation in professional, social and family life. At present, facing the coronavirus pandemic, the entire penitentiary system must deal with problems which have been unknown so far and it must meet new challenges related to education of prisoners. At the same time, the dynamic development of new technologies offers new possibilities in the field of education. The material presented in the paper has been collected by the methods of interviewing, data analysis and content analysis. The obtained results indicate that education of prisoners during the pandemic has not overturned any education schemes which have been applied currently. A fundamental task in education of prisoners is eliminating negative results of social exclusion which are related to education negligence. The results of the research can be applied in a multi-dimensional perspective by both theoreticians and practitioners. They can be also used for improvement and search of better and more efficient solutions in the field of education of prisoners. Considering numerous scientific fields, a discussion might be started to select methods for education of prisoners and to determine how to implement e-learning, with respecting security rules. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the system of prison education has not been disrupted and penitentiary units have been functioning without any problems, in their regular ways. However, it is necessary for every unit to follow the sanitary regime.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90215788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cattle effluents, either composted or bio-digested by Black Soldier Fly larvae, in the fertilization of ryegrass in sandy soils 在沙质土壤黑麦草施肥过程中，由黑虻幼虫堆肥或生物消化的牛粪

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00169

R. Menino, I. Lopes, J. Semedo, Paula Scotti Campos, D. Murta, Amélia Castelo-Branco, Cecília Nestler, O. Moreira

{"title":"Cattle effluents, either composted or bio-digested by Black Soldier Fly larvae, in the fertilization of ryegrass in sandy soils","authors":"R. Menino, I. Lopes, J. Semedo, Paula Scotti Campos, D. Murta, Amélia Castelo-Branco, Cecília Nestler, O. Moreira","doi":"10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00169","url":null,"abstract":"The relative agronomic performance of two organic fertilizers - effluents from intensive cattle farming, after composting either by traditional aerobic methods (compost) or by bio-digestion by larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) (frass) - in the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) on a sandy soil was evaluated. For this purpose, a pot trial was conducted in a semi-controlled greenhouse. Eight treatments were defined, with four treatments using the compost and four treatments using frass (with a 10% nitroamoniacal nitrogen supplementation in all treatments), in addition to a negative control without fertilization, and a positive control with exclusively chemical nitroamoniacal fertilization. Regarding the biomass production, the BSF frass displayed a higher potential than the compost, with a significantly higher production from an N endowment equivalent to 280 kg ha-1 (252 kg organic N + 28 kg mineral N). While the yields obtained with compost were stable when 350 kg ha-1 (315 kg organic N + 35 kg mineral N) were provided, the yields obtained with BSF frass revealed a tendency to continue to progress with higher doses. This could be justified by the fact that the P2O5 and K2O content of BSF frass is significantly higher than that of the compost, and these nutrients continued to be mineralized over time. Furthermore, the obtained results confirm the potentiating effect of mineral fertilizers in the maximization of biomass production, when associated with organic fertilizers in adequate proportions. In addition, it was verified that the addition of frass enhanced the water use by plants, which was significantly higher than the treatments with compost, regardless of the N endowment. It was concluded that mixing chemical and organic fertilizers positively impacts soil fertility and the sustainability of the production as a whole, by increasing productivities in a sustainable way.","PeriodicalId":19581,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85190026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Do mineral fertilisers have a deleterious effect on soil fertility? – case report 矿物肥料对土壤肥力有有害影响吗?-个案报告

Open Access Journal of Science Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2022.05.00168

M. R, E. C, Fareleira P, A. C. Branco

引用次数: 1