Optical EngineeringPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.64.7.076102
Tse-Ang Lee, Zhenyang Xiao, David P Burghoff, Tanya Hutter
{"title":"Mid-infrared spectroscopy on a fiber tip for molecular monitoring.","authors":"Tse-Ang Lee, Zhenyang Xiao, David P Burghoff, Tanya Hutter","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.64.7.076102","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.oe.64.7.076102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mid-infrared (mid-IR) fiber sensors offer highly specific and sensitive detection and analysis of various chemical species due to many molecular vibrations and fundamental absorption bands in this range. In this paper, we present a compact transflection-based mid-IR fiber probe, designed to be potentially suitable for <i>in vivo</i> sensing, with an optical pathlength that can be controlled during fabrication. The optical fiber probe was fabricated using a silver halide polycrystalline fiber positioned in front of a gold-coated short fiber to act as a mirror, and a connector to hold the two parts facing each other at a predetermined distance. The optical fiber probe was tested with a quantum cascade laser (QCL) in the mid-IR region. To investigate the impact of optical pathlength, the reflected signal was recorded at various distances between the cleaved fiber and the mirror in air and water. The influence of gold layer thickness was also examined to optimize the optical fiber probe's performance. To validate its sensing capability, the probe was employed to detect glucose solutions at physiological concentrations, achieving a detection limit of 8.91 mmol/L. The results highlight the potential of the proposed optical fiber probe sensor for molecular detection and analysis, offering a promising platform for <i>in situ</i> monitoring for chemical and biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"64 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12692385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensing characterization of graphene broadband terahertz absorber with E-connected structure","authors":"Hongyan Gao, Gen Li, Yuanye Liu, Haodong Liu","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.64.4.047101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.047101","url":null,"abstract":"We propose two thin, flexible, broadband, tunable terahertz (THz) metamaterial absorbers, consisting of a patterned graphene layer, a dielectric layer, and a metal substrate laminated. The time-domain finite integration method was used to analyze the absorber characteristics. The simulation results showed that the one-dimensional mirror E-type bridge link structure absorber achieved more than 90% near-perfect absorption at 2.8 to 4.15 THz. On this basis, a polarization-insensitive two-dimensional mirror E-type orthogonal structure absorber was designed. This achieved more than 90% near-perfect absorption at 2.15 to 3.26 THz, and the bandwidth with an absorption rate of A≥95% reached 1.01 THz. The polarization angle of the incident wave varied from 0 to 80 deg, the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave varied from 0 to 20 deg in the transverse electric mode and from 0 to 60 deg in the transverse magnetic mode, and the tangent of the loss angle of the dielectric layer varied from 0.003 to 0.011. The absorption performance and operating bandwidth of the absorber were stable. The adjustment of the graphene chemical potential achieved a stable tuning within 95.4% to 99.8% absorbance. The elevation of the graphene relaxation time led to a decrease in the bandwidth for absorbance of A≥90%, but two distinct absorption peaks appeared at 1.26 and 4.13 THz. Two metrics, sensitivity and dielectric constant prediction accuracy, were used to evaluate the performance of the absorber application, and a sensitivity value of 3.26% was calculated. When the analyte with the dielectric constant of 2 to 11 was applied, the absorption curve was red-shifted. Moreover, three resonance frequencies and a relationship model between the resonance frequency absorption value and the dielectric constant were established using the back propagation (BP) neural network. The accurate prediction of the dielectric constant of the unknown analyte was successfully realized, with an average prediction accuracy of up to 98.49%.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"64 04","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147880015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of light conversion efficiency in inkjet-printed cadmium selenide quantum dot layers","authors":"Xianzhen Huang, Yun Ye, Jiaqi Gao, Xingke Zheng","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.64.2.025104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.2.025104","url":null,"abstract":"Color conversion layers are extensively utilized in flat panel display technology for their capacity to provide a wide color gamut and improved resolution, along with exceptional design flexibility. The uniformity and thickness of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dot (QD) films are often difficult to control in the preparation of color conversion layers. Interestingly, it is possible to precisely deposit QDs by inkjet printing to improve material utilization. Color conversion layers with optimized spectral properties and light conversion efficiency are successfully prepared by inkjet printing. We employ inkjet printing technology to fabricate CdSe QD color conversion layers with precise control over layer thickness. The effects of layer thickness on spectral properties and light conversion efficiency are systematically investigated. It is found that a layer thickness of 5.5 μm achieves the highest light conversion efficiency at 20.4%, with efficiency decreasing as thickness increases to 6 μm. In addition, it is observed that blue light transmittance decreases from 47.2% to 11.4% with increasing layer thickness, highlighting the importance of thickness control in optimizing spectral properties.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"64 02","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitivity of radiometric results for a Lambertian source to simple changes of geometry.","authors":"Eric L Shirley","doi":"10.1088/2040-8986/adab81","DOIUrl":"10.1088/2040-8986/adab81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work considers the effects of changes in distance, centering and tilting of optical elements on radiometric throughput. Analytical formulas for leading-order effects are compared to numerical calculations for validation purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lensless 3D-imaging by referenceless phase holography","authors":"Thomas Kreis","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111811","url":null,"abstract":"Referenceless phase holography (RELPH) is a lensless holographic method that generates the full (amplitude and phase) optical field if intensity and phase distributions of this field in one plane are given as numerical data. It is based on the interference of two pure phase fields that are produced by reflection of two mutually coherent plane waves at two phase modulating spatial light modulators (SLM). The optical field of any real or artificial three-dimensional (3D) scene can be displayed. This means that referenceless phase holography is a promising method for future 3D television or 3D cinema as well as for interferometric metrology. We introduce the theory of RELPH, possible technical realizations, and discuss the numerics. The possibilities and problems in calculating the diffraction fields of given 3D scenes are worked out, modifications of the algorithms are presented. Experiments are shown, not only proving the practicability of RELPH, but also confirming the various 3D cues, such as depth of field, occlusion, and parallax. Two approaches to multicolor display are presented and experimentally verified. The benefits and advantages of RELPH are outlined, open problems and necessary technological developments as well as possibilities and future prospects are discussed.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Buitrago-Duque, Heberley Tobon-Maya, Samuel Zapata-Valencia, Jorge Garcia-Sucerquia
{"title":"Cost-effective, DIY, and open-source digital lensless holographic microscope with distortion correction","authors":"Carlos Buitrago-Duque, Heberley Tobon-Maya, Samuel Zapata-Valencia, Jorge Garcia-Sucerquia","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111807","url":null,"abstract":"Digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) allows the design of cost-effective systems using off-the-shelf materials, making this type of lensless microscope accessible to many users worldwide. However, these materials may have a limited optomechanical performance that is aggravated due to the sought compactness and the intended cost-effective manufacturing process. This problem particularly affects the illumination source, which is of critical importance for DLHM, as it defines the optical performance of the microscope. While recent reports show that the required point source can be built from a low-cost laser diode coupled to an also low-cost aspheric lens, the resulting illumination has a distorted wavefront that limits the performance of the microscope. A simple homemade setup to correct the distortion of such illumination source and its integration into a compact, cost-effective, DIY, and open-source-certifiable digital lensless holographic microscope, is presented. The distortion-corrected DLHM is validated by imaging calibrated test targets and biological samples, achieving a 12-fold extension on the distortion-free magnification range of previous designs and a doubling of the effective spatial resolution without significant increments in its overall cost.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Similarity study between speckle shearing phase and speckle correlation phase derivative using Riesz transform","authors":"Yassine Tounsi, Manoj Kumar, Karmjit Kaur, Abdelkrim Nassim, Fernando Mendoza-Santoyo, Osamu Matoba","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111810","url":null,"abstract":"Speckle metrology techniques utilize the phenomenon of speckle patterns for various measurement applications. Speckle pattern interferometry and speckle shearography are the widely used speckle metrological techniques in diverse fields. In speckle interferometry, the phase map embedded in the speckle pattern fringes is directly proportional to the displacement; however, in speckle shearography, it is related directly to displacement derivative. We aim to explore the relationship between the extracted phase derivative from speckle fringe pattern and the phase from their corresponding shearing fringes along the x and y directions. A speckle fringe pattern and the sheared fringes along the x and y directions are numerically generated. From speckle fringe pattern, the phase derivatives along the x and y directions are extracted by using the Riesz transform algorithm, whereas from the shearing fringes, the phase distribution is extracted by using monogenic signal. The similarity between the phase derivate distribution from speckle fringe pattern and phase distribution from sheared fringe is quantitatively evaluated by using image quality index. Furthermore, application experimental data are also presented.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Buitrago-Duque, Samuel Zapata-Valencia, Jorge Garcia-Sucerquia
{"title":"Multi-view occlusion removal in digital lensless holographic microscopy","authors":"Carlos Buitrago-Duque, Samuel Zapata-Valencia, Jorge Garcia-Sucerquia","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111806","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-view occlusion removal method for digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) is presented. Multiple DLHM holograms, whose individual reconstructions show occluded or partially occluded sample details, are recorded for different sample placements at its plane. A coordinated addition of the multiple DLHM recordings produces a composite hologram whose reconstruction allows the removal of the occlusions for a given imaging plane while increasing the reconstructed field of view. A theoretical model supports the method and its feasibility is tested with phase bio- and non-bio samples.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lensless object classification in long wave infrared using random phase encoding","authors":"Gregory Aschenbrenner, Kashif Usmani, Saurabh Goswami, Bahram Javidi","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.11.111809","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a lensless long wave infrared (LWIR) sensing system, utilizing double-random phase encoding. The employment of thin random phase encoding elements eliminates the need for traditional optical lenses. For object classification, convolutional neural network is used to process the speckle patterns produced by the random phase encoding, thus avoiding the reconstruction problem associated with lensless imaging. This approach is attractive for applications demanding compactness and cost-efficiency for LWIR systems. Experiments are provided to illustrate the proposed system. Our results demonstrate that this system competes well with conventional lensed LWIR imaging methods in a binary classification task under noisy conditions, where noise is not known a priori. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on such approaches in the LWIR domain.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}