Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies最新文献

{"title":"The wave front spread rate of Chinese ferret-badger rabies in eastern Taiwan","authors":"Wen-Jane Tu, Satoshi Inoue, Kwong-Chung Tung, Tien-Huan Hsu, Cheng-Yao Yang, Chung-Ching Lin, Cheng-Hung Lai, Chang-Young Fei","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.2.1.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.2.1.0054","url":null,"abstract":"This study used epidemiological data of Chinese ferret-badger (CFB) rabies in eastern Taiwan, the Hualien County, from July 2013 to December 2020 to estimate its wave front spread rate. The first case of the CFB rabies virus in eastern Taiwan was detected in Zhuoxi Township in Hualien County on July 31, 2013. Our technique regressed TIME (months elapsed from the first case in Zhuoxi and the first case in each infected township invaded by the first case of CFB rabies) on DISTANCE (kilometers between locations of the first case in Zhuoxi and centroids of each infected township invaded by the first case of CFB rabies), using simple linear regression. The mean rate of wave front spread was 10.698 kilometers/year. The correlation between TIME and DISTANCE was R = 0.9273 at p = 0.0001. As CFB rabies has only occurred in China and Taiwan, studies on its epidemiology are extremely rare. This paper is the first study to estimate the wave front spread rate of CFB rabies in the world.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83236089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the impact of effective management practices in mitigating the toxicity symptoms of pesticides preparation and storage in Kebbi State, Nigeria","authors":"Sanchi ID, Alhassan YJ, Abubakar, S., Musa SY, Abubakar H","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0035","url":null,"abstract":"The study Evaluated the Impact of Effective Management Practices in Mitigating the Toxicity Symptoms of Pesticides Preparation, Storage and Application in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Structured Questionnaires were used to obtained information from the respondents. Descriptive statistics comprising frequency distribution tables and percentages and were used for Data Analysis. Likert scale was used to determine farmer’s perception on the toxicity symptoms of pesticides of pesticides preparation, storage and application employed by farmers when handling pesticides. The result of the study showed that majority of the respondents (90%) were male while female formed the minority in pesticide usage with only (10%). The study also showed that all the respondents (100%) were married and engaged in agricultural activities. The study further revealed that all the respondents never had any formal training on the use of pesticide from either governmental or non -governmental organizations. The research study also found out that all (100%) of the respondents were not aware of the toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application. Likert Scale Analysis showed a negative perception by farmers on awareness of pesticide toxicity during preparation, storage and application. On perception of the respondents on the toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application, the study revealed that Nausea, Dizziness, Diarrhea, Respiratory Difficulty, Skin Irritation, Rashes, Fever, Peeling of the Skin, Vomiting, and Headache were the serious toxicity effects of pesticide. It is concluded that respondents had negative perception on pesticide management of toxicity of pesticides during preparation, storage and application. It is therefore recommended that appropriate authorities should enforce the use of protective clothing, appropriate equipment and correct handling practices when using pesticides. Existing pesticide regulations and monitoring policies should be enforced. Government should also intensify efforts at registering and controlling distribution of pesticides and banning hazardous ones. It should also enforce the making of less toxic pesticides available to farmers.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90053092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacy preparedness during phases of pandemic COVID in Odisha, India","authors":"S. Kar, Ankita Banerjee, P. Lakshmi, Ansuman Kar, V. Shrivastava, S. Swain, Swaroop Prakash Parida","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0012","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID 19 pandemic is one of the worst pandemics that struck the world, after the Spanish flu in 1918 and stalled the entire public health care system. Initially in the absence of definite drugs, the primary mitigation priority was prevention. Its web like spread put pressure on the accessory health care systems too and the most affected were perhaps the Pharmacy. In India the pharmacy are an integral part of health services, with desperate demand for an array of supplies and drugs, affecting the Pharmacies and their functioning tremendously, they too have contributed immensely in the mitigation strategies of the government. The study assesses the pharmacies in terms of their preparedness to cope with the demands and enhancement of role of the pharmacists to provide cost effective and consumer friendly services.Online services were good and satisfactory and were offered by only the big scale pharmacy (67%) ;Pharmacists from small scale set ups were yet to be vaccinated (33.3%), preparedness was optimum in terms masks and sanitization of premises, but IEC materials were missing in the small shops(44.4%); supplies were good and surplus but small scale ones sometimes sold the cost effective one’s; adjuvant drugs were in excess but drugs for moderate to severe form of COVID were limited to facility based pharmacyonly. Non COVID medications,in order to prioritize COVID drugs,went missing.Stock charts were displayed by big and middle level shops. Study suggests the pharmacy role in managing a pandemic is upnteem and periodic checks and regulations should be revised as per needs of the time.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82446632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Management-New Insights","authors":"T. William","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.2.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of major public health concerns and one of the most frequent congenital infections worldwide. Congenital CMV infection is under-diagnosed in the majority of asymptomatic pregnant women due to its self-limited non-specific symptoms and unimplemented screening program. Primary CMV infections are associated with the highest in-utero transmission at estimated rates of 30–35%. Transmission rate occurs less frequently in secondary CMV maternal infections at approximately 1.1–1.7%. Congenital CMV infection can also go undetected at birth because the affected newborns are often asymptomatic, however, they manifest serious morbidities later in life. There are growing evidences that early diagnosis and treatment of newborns with congenital CMV infection can reduce sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and the subsequent long-term neurological and developmental disabilities. There is also increased interest in establishing a prophylactic CMV vaccine that can protect seronegative mothers from primary infection and augment the immune response in seropositive women, in order to prevent CMV reactivation or re-infection. Studies show that liquid-saliva polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay has high sensitivity “100%\" it is more advantageous than Dried blood spots (DBS) in detecting congenital CMV infection and it can be used to screen newborns in the first 3 weeks. Suggestive strategies to reduce the burden of congenital CMV disease are; establishing a screening programme for pregnant mothers, developing prophylactic CMV vaccine, early therapeutic intervention in pregnant women and newborns and use Saliva PCR assay as a new method for neonatal CMV screening.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90503222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of Theobroma cacao pod-modified feldspar composite for possible metal adsorption in wastewater management","authors":"K. A. Sanusi, Yakubu Yahaya, M. M. Ambrusa, A. Rabiu, Moshood Hamzat","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0015","url":null,"abstract":"In this study modified feldspar composite (MFC) was prepared from the combination of Theobroma cacao pod (TCP) and feldspar (FS) using calcination method. The Theobroma cacao pod-feldspar sample was first Na-modified by treatment using 0.1M NaOH solution before calcination in the muffle furnace at 3000C to complete the process of composite preparation. The Theobroma cacao pods (TCP), feldspar (FS) and modified feldspar composite (MFC) were characterized using XRF, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett and Teller ( BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the cation exchange capacity of the modified feldspar composite (30.66 ± 0.21 meq/100 g) was 5 times higher than that of raw feldspar (6.42 ± 0.45 meq/100g). More so, the novel biohybrid material, MFC has a surface area of 53.60 ± 0.3 m2/g and particle size of 105.4 ± 0.18. The XRD patterns revealed that after the modification process, there is only slight shift in the position of some diffraction peaks of feldspar and the composite material indicating the retention of the crystalline properties of the feldspar in the novel composite (MFC). FTIR results showed that some functional groups present in the two starting materials were also available on the surface of the composite (MFC) indicating that the intercalation of TCP biomass into feldspar surface was successful. Owing to its improved cation exchange capacity and eco-friendliness, the modified feldspar composite (MFC) has a good potential application as adsorbent for heavy metals in wastewater treatment besides other industrial explorations.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81981446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater quality evaluation for irrigation, Modjo River catchment, a wash basin, Central Ethiopia","authors":"Negash Bedaso Dalecha","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigated agriculture is dependent on an adequate water supply of usable quality. Water containing impurities, which are injurious to plant growth, are not satisfactory for irrigation. Water quality for agricultural purposes is determined on the basis of the effects of the water on the quality and yield of the crops, as well as the effects on drainage efficiency and characteristic changes in the soil [16]. This study aims to assess the quality of groundwater in Modjo river catchment for irrigation. Hence, the groundwater samples were collected from well and borehole situated at different site within the catchment to analyze for necessary parameters. Consequently, in-situ measurements such as; EC, pH and TDS were carried out in the field inventory using portable ( pH) meters, whereas major ions are analyzed in Sinana Agricultural Research Center Soil laboratory. The chemical analysis of the samples shows that Na-Ca-HCO3 water type in the recharge area, intermediate water type Ca-Mg-Na HCO3 in northern and central part of the area and Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type towards the east of the subbasin. Most of the water in the study area is clustered as Calcium-Sodium-Magnesium-Bicarbonate type, which is characterized by a high concentration of HCO3 and Ca. Generally water quality analysis shows that as the concentrations in the water sample is below the maximum allowable limits for irrigation (i.e.EC<2000 µS/cm and SAR<9) and therefore the groundwater could be used safely for irrigation.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81511639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of the smartphone in medical practice","authors":"F. Bennaoui, Karim Mohammed Nabil, N. Slitine, F. Maoulainine","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose to determine the place of the smartphone by evaluating the possession and the use of medical applications in the practice of the professionals at the Mohamed VI University Hospital of Marrakech and hospital “Moulay Youssef Rabat” This is a prospective descriptive and mono-centric analytical study on health professionals working or performing their training at hospital structures during the 6 months of the study using a smartphone. Our study took place over a period of 6 months, from August 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019, is carried out on two sites. Within the Moulay Youssef Hospital Rabat CHR, Hospital mother and child Mohamed VI Hospital Marrakech hospital. A clear predominance of female 131 (65%) , with a sex ratio F / H of 0.51.with an average age of 34.4 years, with extreme ages between 60 and 18 years. We found that 149 (74.5%) were hospital professionals, 86 (43%) were medical students, 191 (95.57%) used French as their main language. - 142 (71%) use a smartphone and 125 (62.5%) use it in the medical prescription. Of the 200 professionals, 81% were convinced of the benefit of using Smartphones. The overflow of professional boundaries was highlighted as a disadvantage by 47% of the professionals.130 (65%) want more APPS communications and more than 50% were willing to pay between 50 and 200 MAD for medical APPS. In our study There is a statistically significant linear correlation between the age and the number of smartphone users during these 6 months (p = 0.023).There is a statistically significant linear correlation between professional status and number of smartphone uses during these 6months (p <0.001). Our study joins the data of the literature with an average of the number of use during these 6 months which is not statistically different according to the sex (p = 0.27). There is a statistically significant linear correlation between the average number of smartphone uses for medical purposes and the number of Smartphone usage during these 6 months (p <0.001). In our study, the average number of uses during these 6months is statistically different depending on the professionals we judge that it is beneficial (p = <0.01). The smartphone is a real tool in the practice of health professionals for optimal care of the patient. It would be interesting to develop formal assessment strategies and training in these medical applications for use with confidence in our context.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82492628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on salivary biomarkers in carcinoma diagnosis","authors":"Meena Rakesh Kumar, Pabri Reena, S. Prashant, R. Priya, Raj Shobhit, Verma Navneet Kumar","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Carcinoma is the 2nd leading mortality in the U.S. Signs & symptoms include typically unspecific until the tumours metastasize. Hence, an urgency is there for quick, precise, and non-invasive carcinoma diagnosis, rapid detection, diagnosis, stage surveys, & forecasts. Saliva is a multi-structural fluid, found in the oral region, containing secretions from primary and minor salivary glands. Species can even be found in blood-present molecules including Deoxyribo Nucleic Acids, RNAs, hormones, metabolites, and microbiota. Recently, saliva testing received considerable interest in identifying specific biomarkers as sample collection and processing is quick, cost-effective, accurate and doesn’t put any distress on the patient. We examine recent salivary biomarkers of systemic carcinoma by separating them into genomically, transcriptomically, proteomically, metabolomic and microbially dependent forms.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"18 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75566888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting population status of gum and resin bearing plant species from size distributions in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia: Inferences for their sustainable management","authors":"Dereje Mosissa, G. Faris, Sisay Aman","doi":"10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2021.1.1.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Diversity, population structures and regeneration status of gum- and resin- producing woody species, were assessed in 116 sample plots, each measuring 400 m2 and established along line transects. The data were collected in two selected districts, namely, Sherkole and Kurmuk in Benishangul-Gumuz National Regional State, one of the gum and resin belts in western Ethiopia. The gum- and resin-producing woody species had 1.04 and 0.7 diversity and 0.576 and 0.49 evenness values at Kurmuk and Sherkole districts, respectively. They accounted for 26% and 46% of the density, 51% and 58% of the basal area and 32% and 53% of the Importance Value Index of all the woody species, respectively. The gum- and resin- bearing woody species exhibited three patterns of population structure. The first pattern suggests good reproduction abilities of the species coupled with good recruitment of seedlings and their subsequent continuous growth to replace older individuals over time, indicating stable regeneration. About 61% of the gum- and resin- bearing woody species fall under this category. The other two patterns indicate hampered regeneration status of the woody species. Heavy grazing, conversion to crop land by small scale farming, gold mining, recurrent fire and climate change were mentioned as major bottlenecks of natural regeneration and recruitment. Policy, extension and research recommendations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":19492,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84429543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}