Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)最新文献

{"title":"Oxygen solubility modeling in aqueous solutions","authors":"D. Tromans","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792514","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen dissolved in the aqueous phase (O/sub 2/)/sub aq/ is an important oxidant in many industrial processes, ranging from pressure leaching and heap leaching of metals from minerals to the bleaching of wood fibers in the pulp and paper industry. Frequently, (O/sub 2/)/sub aq/ is a prime agent promoting corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. This study presents a general solubility model for estimating oxygen solubility in aqueous inorganic solutions over a wide range of conditions. These include changes in oxygen partial pressure P(O/sub 2/) (atm), variations in the process temperature T (K), and changing concentrations C/sub t/ of dissociated inorganic solute I. The model is based on a thermodynamic analysis showing that the concentration c/sub aq/ of (O/sub 2/)/sub aq/ in pure water is dependent upon P(O/sub 2/) and T via an equation of the form c/sub aq/=P(O/sub 2/)f(T), where f(T) is a T-dependent function related to the chemical potential, entropy, and partial molar heat capacity of the gaseous oxygen (O/sub 2/)/sub g/ and dissolved (O/sub 2/)/sub aq/ species. In the presence of a single I, this equation is modified by a /spl phi/-factor such that the new oxygen solubility, (c/sub aq/)/sub I/, becomes (c/sub aq/)/sub I/=/spl phi/c/sub aq/=/spl phi/P(O/sub 2/)f(T), where /spl phi/ is an I-dependent function of C/sub I/. Inorganic solutes of similar stoichiometry, composed of a common anion and having cations from the same group in the Periodic Table, tend to exhibit a similar /spl phi/-factor and (c/sub aq/)/sub I/ value, provided all concentrations, c/sub aq/, (c/sub aq/)/sub I/, and C/sub I/, are reported in molal (m) units (mol/kg H/sub 2/O). Methods for incorporating the effect of multiple I on /spl phi/ are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124133960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer simulation and information management systems for material processing","authors":"Y. Nagasaka","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792457","url":null,"abstract":"Several computer simulation and information systems for machinery industries have been studied. The objective is to construct a virtual manufacturing environment for concurrent engineering. For the environment, three types of models, which are geometry model for a product, mathematical model for physical phenomena and activity model for human operations, should be considered. In this study, computer simulation systems for casting and heat treatment processes as tools of a virtual manufacturing environment have been developed considering the interface of geometry model from a three-dimensional CAD system. These computer simulations can predict the quality and productivity quantitatively. As well, an information management system for pre-production material processes based on activity models has been developed. Background data for decision-making is stored and related to foreground information such as multimedia data. A summary of the system is shown and several examples are presented.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129450230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust engineering approaches to maximize results in business, cost, engineering, human, quality and system technologies","authors":"R. Boas","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792527","url":null,"abstract":"Robust engineering is a new branch of engineering techniques developed by Geinichi Taguchi, in the early fifties in Japan. It is now in wide use throughout the western world, after the tremendous success of several industrial applications. The article shows that the so called robust designs are orthogonal arrays formally identified with fractional factorial designs, constituting a design matrix for the controlled variables and another for the uncontrolled variables in such a way that the response is obtained under the settings of the uncontrolled variables matrix, that will give the variances of the system, and analyzed via the mathematical transform, the signal-to-noise ratio, for optimization of the controlled variables and their levels.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130269352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high performance computing algorithm to improve in-line holography","authors":"H. Eldeib","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792521","url":null,"abstract":"A holographic algorithm is suggested to reduce the computing time by orders of magnitude in computer generation and reconstruction of holograms, that is called HPCHolo (High Performance Computing Holography). It is proposed to speed up the generation of holograms by a ray-tracing technique and the reconstruction of a virtual image from that hologram by a correlation technique. We applied the new algorithm to two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) objects modelling on the PowerXplorer computer (multiprocessor message passing machine). We study the relation between the hologram size, the resolution of the reconstructed image and the computational time for both construction and reconstruction processes and obtain satisfactory results.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114277912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From fuzzy set theory to computational intelligence-special European experiences","authors":"H. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792452","url":null,"abstract":"Even though the first publication in the area of fuzzy set theory (FST) appeared already in 1965, the development of this theory for almost 20 years remained in the academic realm. Almost all basic concepts, theories and methods were, however, developed during this period. Fuzzy control opened the gate to real applications for FST. Particularly in Japan the applications of the fuzzy control principle in consumer goods made FST known in the public and made it commercially interesting for industry. This lead to two developments: since the development of fuzzy applicational systems had to be efficient, fuzzy CASE tools and expert system shells were developed making FST to fuzzy technology. The success in Japan could draw the attention of the media and started-first in Germany-the \"fuzzy booms\", which lead to an unprecedented growth in publications, university teaching and other industrial applications in many countries. Around 1993 FST, neural nets and evolutionary computing joined forces and were soon considered to be one area called soft computing or computational intelligence. Applications in engineering as well as in management will be described during the presentation. Of particular interest for Europe might also be the development of ERUDIT (European Network of Excellence for Fuzzy Sets and Uncertainty Modeling), a network which grew from 15 nodes in 1995 to 250 nodes in 1997 and which has just been extended for another two years by the European Commission. Details about possibilities in the framework of ERUDIT will also be described in more detail.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123958438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent database support for manufacturing and processing of industrial materials","authors":"Sylvanus A. Ehikioya, E. G. Truelove, T. T. Tran","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792463","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the framework and characteristics of an intelligent database system that supports and satisfies business needs and requirements of industrial materials manufacturing and processing. We also examine the methods to design and build such systems and discuss the issues and technologies that require attention. We focus on intelligent database systems support for a reasoned choice among alternatives, and the manner in which their capabilities can be extended to create an effective decision support tool.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116455363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic glasses: old and new structures on the eve of the 21/sup st/ century","authors":"J. Šesták, B. Hlaváček, N. Koga","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792513","url":null,"abstract":"History has shown that glass is a remarkable noncrystalline substance, usually made naturally or artificially from the simplest raw materials. Mimicking evolution however, mankind has been responsible for the creation of new families of a wide variety of glasses which gradually appeared through creative-thinking particularly during last hundred years. The most discussed issue is the thermodynamic stability of the glassy state as a special form of matter with its low-dimensional organisational structure, as well as its classification within the hierarchy level of noncrystalline solids. In this respect the most important is entropy. We can say that the major part of the entropy under Vogels temperature, T/sub v/, has its origin in the thermal entropy contribution, W/sub th/. When the temperature becomes higher than T/sub v/, the configurational part of the entropy, W/sub cf/, starts to play a role. This W/sub cf/ part is mainly connected to the micro-configurational displacements of particles. At, and above, the glass transition temperature, T/sub g/, the conformational part of entropy, W/sub conf/, which is connected to the displacements of particles through diffusion in the macro-sample is involved. It seems that liquids above the T/sub g/ transition are formed by two mechanically distinct \"species\". Under the T/sub g/ temperature, a matrix system is formed, in vast majority, by particles excited just to the lower level of the amplitude of an anharmonic oscillator. Above T/sub g/, the second \"species\" starts to appear which is formed by thermally-excited particles able to overcome viscous and elastic forces of the matrix in their vicinity and bring the particles, through thermal excitement and interactions within their vicinity, to the upper amplitude levels of a nonlinear oscillator. The thermally excited particles thus form the active and ephemeral vacancy spaces. These vacancies have very high expansion coefficient and are responsible for high expansion coefficient of liquids in general.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126020625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elongation-control rolling of H-shaped wire","authors":"H. Utsunomiya, Y. Saito, M. Shinkawa, F. Shimaya","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792538","url":null,"abstract":"The authors propose a technique for size-free rolling, termed elongation-control rolling. This technique is characterized by the active use of interstand forces, which being not only tensile but also compressive, are varied over a wide range. In the present study, H-shaped wires are formed from round wires by elongation-control rolling with grooved rolls. The elongation, i.e. nominal strain in the rolling direction, is controlled over a wide range, from 20% to 80%, where 50% is tension-free rolling. The flange width increases with compressive interstand force, and decreases with tensile force. It is concluded that the rolling of H-shaped wires having an arbitrary flange width is made possible.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127933336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a region-wise fuzzy sliding mode controller with fuzzy tuner","authors":"Chung-Chun Kun, W. Lai","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792578","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a region-wise fuzzy sliding mode controller (RFSMC) is proposed. We firstly employ the sliding mode control techniques to design the fuzzy control rules, and to obtain the fuzzy sliding mode controller (FSMC). Next, we adopt the concepts of region-wise linear fuzzy controller to design the FSMC, namely the region-wise fuzzy sliding mode controller (RFSMC). Then based on the state values of the controlled plant, a fuzzy tuner is used to tune the output scaling factors for the RFSMC. Finally, a genetic algorithm is applied to search the optimal parameters of the RFSMC. The simulation results show that the proposed RFSMC has the following advantages: 1) the fuzzy control rules of the RFSMC are efficiently reduced; and 2) it exhibits better performance than that of FSMC.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129146791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of heuristics and fuzzy logic to natural resource modelling","authors":"Steven Mackinson","doi":"10.1109/IPMM.1999.792529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPMM.1999.792529","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity and dynamics of natural systems poses considerable difficulties for mathematical description. Conventional modelling techniques that rely purely on an analytical, algorithmic approach are poor at capturing nonlinear processes, cumulative effects and uncertainties characteristic of such systems. In this respect, heuristic models using the principles of fuzzy logic are well suited for describing and simulating processes and dynamics of natural systems. Currently, there are few examples of fuzzy knowledge-based models in natural resource management and there is significant potential for future development. This paper demonstrates two successful applications: 1) a fuzzy expert system that applies a novel method of defuzzification to predict changes in the structure, dynamics and mesoscale distribution of fish shoals; and 2) a method utilising fuzzy approximation theory to predict the recruitment of young fish to a fishery based on the parent stock size and past recruitment conditions.","PeriodicalId":194215,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122227802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}