Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey最新文献

{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: A Comprehensive Review of Major Guidelines.","authors":"Sonia Giouleka, Ioannis Tsakiridis, Garyfallia Emmanouilidou, Eirini Boureka, Ioannis Kalogiannidis, Apostolos Mamopoulos, Apostolos Athanasiadis, Themistoklis Dagklis","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) represents a significant contributor of maternal and neonatal morbidity complicating a significant proportion of pregnancies worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this review was to summarize and compare the most recently published guidelines on the diagnosis and management of this critical pregnancy complication.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A comparative review of 3 recently updated national guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada on PPROM was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is an overall agreement that the diagnosis of PPROM should be mainly based on sterile speculum examination and patient's history, followed by additional tests in equivocal cases, although the accuracy and contribution of both ultrasound and amniotic proteins tests in the diagnosis remain debatable. Following PPROM confirmation, all guidelines recommend the performance of vaginal and rectal swabs, the evaluation of fetal and maternal status, the administration of antibiotics and corticosteroids, and the immediate induction of labor, if severe complications are identified. Expectant management from viability until late preterm period is universally recommended; nevertheless, there are discrepancies on the optimal timing of delivery. Magnesium sulfate should be administered in case of imminent preterm delivery; however, there is no consensus on the upper gestational age limit. Recommendations on inpatient and outpatient management of PPROM are also inconsistent. Moreover, there is no common guidance on the use of tocolysis or antibiotic regimens. Finally, all medical societies agree that closer surveillance of future pregnancies is required.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPROM remains the most common identifiable risk factor of preterm delivery, despite constant improvement in prenatal provision of care. Thus, the establishment of consistent international practice protocols for the timely and accurate diagnosis and the optimal management of this complication seems of vital importance and will hopefully lead to significant reduction of the associated adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Prenatal Cannabis Exposure on Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Summary of the Clinical Evidence.","authors":"Sydney Mei Sheffield, Jeffrey A Kuller, Susan Kay Murphy, Sarah K Dotters-Katz, Jordan Enns Schaumberg","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cannabis is commonly used by pregnant patients for alleviation of pregnancy-associated symptoms. Multiple national medical associations have recommended against prenatal cannabis use, yet misinformation regarding its safety and efficacy remains prevalent in public discourse. Effective and evidence-based patient counseling on prenatal cannabis use requires a thorough understanding of the existing data on fetal neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to summarize the existing clinical literature on the impacts of intrauterine cannabis exposure on offspring neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Articles were identified via literature search in PubMed and OVID; relevant articles were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Limited data have shown associations between intrauterine cannabis exposure and (1) increased startles and difficulty with consolation in the neonatal period, (2) memory challenges, verbal reasoning challenges, and diminished academic performance during early childhood, and (3) inattention, hyperactivity, and aggression during early childhood. Further research with large and diverse samples that use objective measures of cannabis use across multiple time points in pregnancy is required to assess causation, the true extent of impacts, and dose-dependent effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The existing clinical data regarding the impacts of prenatal cannabis use on fetal neurodevelopment are limited by important confounders like genetic predisposition, concomitant tobacco and other substance use during pregnancy, and low socioeconomic status. However, the theoretical and demonstrated associations between prenatal cannabis use and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes are compelling enough to warrant complete abstinence during pregnancy, pending further research. Providers can utilize this summary to offer data-driven guidance on prenatal cannabis use for pregnant patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provider Guidance for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants: Maternal Vaccination Versus Infant Monoclonal Antibody Treatment.","authors":"Ashley A Cirillo, Stephanie L Gaw","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>In 2023, the Food and Drug Administration approved 2 new products to reduce the risk of lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants: Beyfortus (nirsevimab; AstraZeneca/Sanofi), a single-dose monoclonal antibody for infant administration, and Abrysvo (bivalent RSVpreF vaccine; Pfizer), a single-dose maternal vaccination.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to synthesize data from the literature and the leading professional organizations to provide guidance on RSV and strategies to reduce the risk of infant infection. This information will assist prenatal care clinicians in counseling their patients regarding the choice between maternal vaccination and the infant monoclonal antibody.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A descriptive review of the guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG), American Academy of Pediatrics, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and the American Academy of Family Physicians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 5 organizations recommend that RSV vaccination should be offered to all pregnant people during the RSV season (September-January in the continental United States). Infants younger than 8 months entering into their first RSV season born to those who did not receive maternal vaccination or received vaccination less than 14 days prior to birth should be offered monoclonal antibody administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV vaccination and monoclonal antibodies have the potential to significantly reduce the burden of lower respiratory tract infections due to RSV in infants. Future studies should further evaluate the durability of protection and other strategies to further protect the infant, including cocooning and the role of breast milk in immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familial Mediterranean Fever in Pregnancy.","authors":"Alana Davidson, Jeffrey A Kuller, Sarah K Dotters-Katz, Rachel L Wood","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Though the incidence of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in pregnancy is rare, understanding the etiology and symptomatology of FMF is essential for obstetric treatment of patients with FMF.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Familial Mediterranean fever is a hereditary periodic fever syndrome that has unique obstetric considerations. Familial Mediterranean fever is typically characterized by recurrent episodes of high-grade fevers, pleuritis/pericarditis, and arthritis lasting 1-3 days with complete recovery seen in between episodes. Familial Mediterranean fever is seen worldwide, but particularly in patients of Mediterranean descent. Its incidence varies across ethnicities.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>This article provides a comprehensive review of existing literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It is well established that colchicine is safe and effective to use during pregnancy in patients with FMF to control and prevent flares. Although most pregnancies progress without negative outcomes, FMF has been shown in the literature to be associated with preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes. Its impact on increasing the rate of fetal growth restriction and hypertensive disorders is less understood. Additionally, FMF flares may be suppressed in pregnancy, whereas other sources report that flares are similar to those outside of pregnancy in terms of frequency, type of symptoms, and severity. Breastfeeding is safe in patients with FMF who are taking colchicine. Genetic counseling can be offered to patients with FMF, but in utero diagnostic testing is generally not pursued solely for the indication of FMF diagnosis in the fetus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Further investigation of the impact of FMF on pregnancy is needed for advancing our understanding of the condition and optimizing care for pregnant individuals with FMF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Rest as an Intervention in Early Labor: A Literature Review.","authors":"Jeilyn N Coston,Sarah K Dotters-Katz,Jeffrey A Kuller,Amanda M Craig","doi":"10.1097/ogx.0000000000001298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000001298","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceThe latent phase of labor poses a challenge for pregnant patients due to the limited options available for pain relief and management. Therapeutic rest, an intervention involving medication administration during this phase, has shown promise in addressing prelabor discomfort and anxiety.ObjectiveTo emphasize the significance of therapeutic rest during early labor, describe methods of administering this intervention, review data on efficacy and maternal/fetal outcomes, and determine appropriate criteria and timing of utilization.Evidence AcquisitionArticles were obtained from a thorough PubMed literature search; relevant articles were reviewed.ResultsStudies have shown that delaying admission to active labor benefits maternal and fetal outcomes. Pregnant patients admitted in the latent phase are at greater risk for obstetric interventions and have heightened emotional challenges. However, administering therapeutic rest during this phase has shown promising outcomes without significantly increasing the risks of adverse events. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic rest on subsequent admission rates for patients in active labor.ConclusionsTherapeutic rest offers a favorable approach to managing pain and discomfort in early labor. Although there are criteria and contraindications, the interventions have shown effectiveness without substantial adverse effects, providing a potential outpatient management strategy for the latent phase of labor.RelevanceThis review offers insight into potential interventions and outcomes for managing the latent stage of labor in pregnant patients.","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Maternal and Fetal Findings With Cell-Free DNA Screening.","authors":"Carmen M A Santoli,Mary Katherine Anastasio,Teresa N Sparks,Sarah K Dotters-Katz,Jeffrey A Kuller","doi":"10.1097/ogx.0000000000001297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000001297","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceWith advances in prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) technology, the information available with cfDNA continues to expand beyond the common fetal aneuploidies such as trisomies 21, 18, and 13. Due to the admixture of maternal and fetal/placental DNA, prenatal cfDNA remains a screening test with the possibility of false-positive and false-negative results.ObjectiveThis review aims to summarize unusual incidental maternal and fetal genomic abnormalities detectable by cfDNA and to provide anticipatory guidance regarding management.Evidence AcquisitionOf 140 articles identified with keywords such as \"incidental\" and \"discordant\" cfDNA, 55 original research articles, review articles, case series, and societal guidelines were reviewed.ResultsPrenatal cfDNA may incidentally identify a spectrum of maternal genomic abnormalities such as malignancy, mosaicism, and copy number variants. When discordant with fetal diagnosis, these cases require additional investigation with maternal genetic testing and follow-up evaluation. Such incidental fetal/placental abnormalities may include rare autosomal trisomies, uniparental disomy, and triploidy. Further evaluation of fetal/placental abnormalities can be pursued with a combination of ultrasound and prenatal diagnosis with chorionic villous sampling and/or amniocentesis. Societal guidelines do not currently recommend cfDNA screening for rare autosomal trisomies, microdeletions, or copy number variants, and some experts suggest that sex chromosome screening should be opted in after counseling.ConclusionsKnowledge about possible incidental findings with prenatal cfDNA is needed to inform pretest and posttest counseling with appropriate follow-up evaluation.RelevanceAs cfDNA technology has advanced to include genome-wide findings, it is important for clinicians, genetic counselors, and societal guidelines to acknowledge the spectrum of possible results outside of the traditional and sex chromosome aneuploidies.","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Significance of Nonvisualization of the Cavum Septum Pellucidum on Prenatal Ultrasonography.","authors":"Jaxon Olsen, Eleanor Rhee, Jeffrey Kuller, Anne Kennedy","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001296S","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001296S","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The identification of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is an integral part of the routine second trimester fetal anatomy scan. The absence or nonvisualization of the CSP has significant clinical implications and requires further evaluation and counseling for the pregnant patient.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this review is to review the importance of accurate sonographic identification of the CSP and the underlying pathologies that can be associated with nonvisualization of this structure.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A literature review was performed with PubMed using key words including CSP, fetal anatomy ultrasound, and fetal anomalies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The absence of the CSP is associated with several central nervous system pathologies, all with a wide range of phenotypic outcomes, ranging from normal to very severe or lethal.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Most obstetrician-gynecologists will have a patient in whom a CSP is not identified on fetal ultrasound. Thus, it is imperative to have a general understanding of this relatively common entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Torsion: A Review of the Evidence.","authors":"Ting-Wei Zhu, Xue-Lian Li","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Ovarian torsion is a gynecological emergency caused by the twisting of the ovary and/or fallopian tube, further resulting in ischemic changes of the adnexa. Early diagnosis is likely to preserve ovarian function.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this review is to review the current findings of ovarian torsion including clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, surgical procedures, and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>The literature search is mainly available in PubMed and Web of Science platforms by searching \"ovarian torsion\" combined with one or several terms including \"diagnosis\" \"risk factors\" \"surgery\" and \"torsion recurrence.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting were normal clinical presentations. In order to increase the accuracy of diagnosis, it is necessary to integrate clinical presentation and the findings of imaging and laboratory examinations. Computed tomography findings, plasma d-dimer level, and the time from pain onset play a critical role in distinguishing ovarian necrosis. The efficiency of oophoropexy on preventing recurrent ovarian torsion is controversial.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most patients with early diagnosis of ovarian torsion may have a better prognosis with conservative surgery.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Better understanding of ovarian torsion is critical for gynecologists to promote accuracy of diagnosis and select the optimal surgical procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on Assessment of Ovarian Reserve Testing.","authors":"Nasreen A Osman, Amel E Morgham","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Women are increasingly postponing pregnancy to achieve specific goals, and as it is known, the ovarian reserve (OR) declines with age, especially after the 30s. Assessing the OR helps in managing the care of women seeking pregnancy. Several OR tests (ORTs) have been advocated for assessing OR.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aims to discuss the different ORTs and the consequences of their use.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>For each topic, a PubMed search was conducted using MeSH terms. The following terms were used: ovarian reserve, ovarian reserve tests, anti-Müllerian hormone, antral follicle count, and diminished ovarian reserve. The search for further references was complemented by manual search, review, synthesis, and summarization of retrieved articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this review, we clarified the concept of OR and the different ORTs and provided a guide for the ultrasound to assess OR. In addition, the clinical value of ORTs was highlighted to explain the implications of the results of these tests and how they can aid in patient counseling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>A number of ORTs are available to the clinician. Anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count are the most valuable, but as with all ORTs, they are best used as screening, not diagnostic tests for OR. Screening for OR is most helpful when applied to specific groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Administration Before Assisted Reproduction Techniques Improve Pregnancy Rates in Women With Endometriosis?","authors":"Evangelia K Panagodimou, Sotiris Kalogeropoulos, Georgios Adonakis, Apostolos Kaponis","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Axial downregulation with a 3- to 6-month administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) prior to assisted reproduction techniques has been proposed in order to improve clinical pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis. Although reduced inflammation, improved oocyte quality, and restored endometrial receptivity have been postulated, further investigation of their actual benefit and mechanism of action is considered essential. In that direction, well-designed clinical trials regarding the role of GnRH-a in IVF are necessary.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this review is to clarify whether GnRH-a administration prior to IVF-FET procedures improves pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A literature review was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, and Google Scholar and concluded on September 10, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two Cochrane meta-analyses and 16 selected studies present various interesting data of assisted reproduction technique procedures on patients with endometriosis-related infertility with or without depot GnRH-a pretreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The regimen may have a positive clinical effect on cases of severe endometriosis (American Society for Reproductive Medicine stages III-IV), but their use is not routinely recommended in order to improve pregnancy rates.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Endometriosis and infertility are closely related through various pathogenetic mechanisms. Endometriosis has been traditionally considered to negatively affect fundamental aspects of the in vitro fertilization-frozen embryo transfer procedure. Numerous interventions, both medical and surgical, have been proposed in order to improve IVF success rates, and the optimal management of these cases poses an ever pressing challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}