Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey最新文献

{"title":"Rhesus D Prophylaxis: When and Why We Give Rhesus D Immunoglobulin.","authors":"Allison M Schwalb, Jerome J Federspiel, Sarah Dotters-Katz, Jeffrey A Kuller, Ronan P Sugrue","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is caused by maternal alloantibodies to fetal red blood cells and is associated with significant fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Rhesus D antigen (RhD)-mediated HDFN is the only preventable cause of alloimmunization in pregnancy. Widespread utilization of RhD prophylaxis reduces the risk of RhD-mediated alloimmunization from 17% to <1% in at-risk pregnancies, although RhD-mediated HDFN still occurs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To emphasize significance of RhD prophylaxis, outline current guideline-directed indications for administration, provide clarification in areas of uncertainty regarding prophylaxis administration, and review key concepts relevant to patient education and shared decision-making.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>PubMed and Google Scholar literature search.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data over several decades have shown implementation of prenatal and postpartum RhD prophylaxis has significantly reduced incidence and morbidity of RhD-mediated HDFN. Most international guidelines recommend routine prophylaxis of Rh-negative mothers in the second trimester and peripartum, with additional prophylaxis following certain high-risk events. Recent shortages in RhD immunoglobulin (RhDIg) and new methods to determine fetal blood type have prompted renewed debate regarding criteria for prophylaxis during the first trimester.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding indications for administration of RhD prophylaxis is essential for preventing RhD alloimmunization. Although uncertainty remains in some clinical scenarios, prophylaxis is strongly recommended in Rh-negative mothers in the second trimester, following events high-risk for sensitization in pregnancy, and postpartum.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>In this review, the etiology of alloimmunization and indications for RhDIg prophylaxis, current society recommendations, and areas of debate are summarized and discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 5","pages":"315-324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smooth Operator: Nonpharmacologic Approaches for Overcoming Barriers to Office Hysteroscopy.","authors":"Staci J Marbin, Adriana Baez, Jose A Carugno, Steven R Lindheim","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Despite the known advantages and incentives for providers and patients, reticence to performing office hysteroscopy remains due to provider inexperience, challenges to adequate pain management, and greater comfort level in the operating room setting. The relatively low utilization across the field of gynecology necessitates a deeper understanding of essential elements of hysteroscopy and the shared skills gained by experience.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review serves to aid providers in optimizing periprocedural patient experience and procedural outcomes during in-office hysteroscopy.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate nonpharmacologic approaches to pain and anxiety management during in-office hysteroscopy. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English. Search terms included combinations of \"in-office hysteroscopy,\" \"pain management,\" \"anxiety management,\" \"non-pharmacologic,\" communication,\" and \"office set-up.\" Additional references were identified from citations within relevant articles. Studies were selected based on relevance, focusing on randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and observational studies. Findings were synthesized to provide a comprehensive overview of current evidence and highlight areas for future research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nuanced approaches to pain and anxiety management during in-office hysteroscopy identified include virtual reality, music, hypnosis, and transcutaneous nerve stimulation. Simple strategies such as optimizing office setup while utilizing the newest technological advances and effective communication were identified as ways to alleviate patient discomfort and increase procedure acceptability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>An understanding of the basic elements of in-office hysteroscopy will benefit patients and providers alike, aiding the transition out of the operating room and into the office setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 5","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculators for Predicting Risk of Cesarean Delivery: A Literature Review.","authors":"Shirley J Shao, Nasim C Sobhani","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cesarean deliveries are associated with an increased risk of immediate- and long-term complications. Ideally, clinicians could accurately predict the risk of cesarean delivery and use this knowledge to decrease maternal morbidity due to failed labor without increasing rates of unnecessary cesarean delivery. To this end, multiple obstetric calculators for predicting cesarean risk in various clinical settings have been developed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review describes major obstetric calculators for predicting risk of cesarean deliveries and discusses potential clinical applications, general accuracy, and limitations.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>An extensive manual review of primary research articles published on PubMed between January 2000 and February 2024 was performed. Pertinent articles that described the creation or validation of a scored system for predicting mode of delivery in an American population were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple obstetric calculators have been developed and achieve fair discrimination and calibration in their derivation cohorts but do not maintain accuracy in external populations. This includes calculators that have already been applied to clinical practice, including calculators for predicting vaginal birth after cesarean and success of induction of labor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the limited accuracy of cesarean calculators in external populations, caution is recommended when considering external implementation without further adjustment and refinement. Scores that overestimate cesarean delivery risk could falsely discourage vaginal delivery and negatively impact clinical care.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>This review provides obstetric clinicians with context for interpreting obstetric calculators for predicting cesarean risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 4","pages":"241-248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Disorders in Pregnancy and the Puerperium: A Comprehensive Review of Guidelines on Screening, Diagnosis, and Management.","authors":"Sonia Giouleka, Evangelia Tsiona, Georgios Kapetanios, Christina Zerva, Georgios Papazisis, Apostolos Mamopoulos, Themistoklis Dagklis, Ioannis Tsakiridis","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000001384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Mental health disorders are frequent, challenging, and potentially devastating complications during the antenatal and postnatal period with major impact on both women and their offspring, especially if left undiagnosed and untreated or managed in a suboptimal way.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to review and compare the most recently published guidelines on the screening, diagnosis, and management of the most common mental health disorders in pregnancy and the puerperium.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A descriptive review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Center of Perinatal Excellence, and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on antenatal and postnatal mental health disorders was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a consensus among the reviewed guidelines regarding the importance of a detailed personal and family history in the investigation of mental health disorders and the associated risk factors. Moreover, all the reviewed medical societies recommend universal antenatal and postnatal screening for depression and anxiety using validated screening tools, assessment of family violence exposure, and tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use, as well as evaluation of the woman's emotional well-being. They also agree that following a positive screening result, further assessment is required to set the diagnosis of a mental health condition based on specific criteria, whereas a positive self-harm question warrants urgent referral and management. Discrepancies were identified regarding the recommended screening tools, the frequency of screening, the algorithms that should be followed in case of positive screening, and the indications for pharmacological and psychological treatment. Regarding treatment, the reviewed guidelines recommend psychological interventions and pharmacological therapy based on the severity of the mental health disorders, suggesting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as first-line agents for depression and anxiety and agreeing that the lowest effective dose, a single-agent therapy, and a drug with the lowest risk profile should be preferred. Consistency also exists concerning the follow-up and monitoring of women treated for mental health disorders, as well as the management of women with preexisting mental illness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mental disorders during pregnancy and the puerperium are a sensitive, community-based issue that affects the parents' quality of life and interferes to the neonate's behavioral and emotional development. Therefore, it is of insurmountable importance to develop consistent international strategies for the early identification and the optimal management of this significant complication to improve the perinatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 4","pages":"249-268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Comparative Review of Guidelines.","authors":"Sonia Giouleka, Ioannis Tsakiridis, Eleni-Markella Chalkia-Prapa, Florentia Katzi, Anastasios Liberis, Georgios Michos, Ioannis Kalogiannidis, Apostolos Mamopoulos, Themistoklis Dagklis","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001371","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The administration of prophylactic antibiotics in obstetrics and gynecology represents a pivotal intervention with a major contribution to the prevention of maternal and neonatal infectious morbidity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to review and compare the most recently published guidelines on prophylactic antibiotic use in obstetric and gynecologic procedures.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A descriptive review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists on antibiotic prophylaxis was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a consensus among the reviewed guidelines regarding the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to cesarean delivery, hysterectomy, colporrhaphy and surgical-induced abortions, the optimal choice of antibiotics, and the timing of administration, as well as the indications for increased and additional doses. First-generation cephalosporins are unanimously recommended as first-line antibiotics. All the reviewed guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in case of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, whereas they discourage routine antibiotic use in case of active preterm labor with intact membranes or cervical cerclage placement. There is also an overall agreement that antibiotic prophylaxis should not be given for hysteroscopic and laparoscopic procedures with no entry into the bowel or the vagina, endometrial biopsy, intrauterine device insertion, or cervical tissue excision surgeries. Moreover, all the guidelines agree that women undergoing hysterosalpingography should receive a course of antibiotics only when the fallopian tubes are abnormal or there is a history of pelvic inflammatory disease. In contrast, inconsistency was identified on the need of antibiotic prophylaxis in case of obstetric anal sphincter injuries, operative vaginal delivery, and early pregnancy loss. Finally, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists states that antibiotics should not be routinely offered for oocyte retrieval and embryo transfer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infectious complications following both obstetric and gynecological procedures are significant contributors of morbidity and mortality, rendering their prevention using antibiotic prophylaxis a crucial aspect of preoperative care. Nevertheless, antibiotic overuse should be avoided. Thus, it seems of paramount importance to develop consistent international practice protocols for the appropriate use of antibiotics in everyday practice to minimize their adverse effects and maximize their associated benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 3","pages":"186-203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Review: Confronting Climate-Driven Heat Risks to Maternal and Fetal Health.","authors":"Catherine P Marudo, Vikasni Mohan, Michael J Paidas, Paloma Toledo, Eugene S Fu, Hudson P Santos, J Marshall Shepherd, Erin G McHugh, Michelle M Fletcher, James M Shultz","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001361","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>In the current era of climate change, extreme heat exposure poses escalating threats to maternal-fetal health. Despite the expansive scale of extreme heat exposure worldwide, dramatized by the record-breaking global ocean and atmospheric temperatures throughout 2023 and into 2024, the extent of the threat posed by heat is underestimated and underappreciated. Unlike the physical destruction wrought by climate-driven events like hurricanes and wildfires, heat exposure does not cause severe damage to the built environment. Yet, in most years, heat has been the deadliest hazard in the United States.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This expert review aims to illuminate how climate-related heat affects maternal-fetal health and exacerbates health inequities. It will also discuss current knowledge gaps and underscore the crucial role that obstetric providers play in safeguarding pregnant persons from exposure to hazardous heat and increasing patient awareness of climate-related heat.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Evidence for this review was primarily acquired through a comprehensive search of PubMed-indexed articles using MeSH terms and text words to search for concepts related to \"climate change,\" \"heat,\" \"obstetrics,\" \"pregnancy,\" \"heat stress disorders,\" and their synonyms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Extreme heat exposure threatens the health and well-being of pregnant persons and elevates the likelihood of poor birth outcomes like preterm birth, fetal demise, and stillbirth, among other pregnancy complications. Extreme heat exposure also increases the risk of dehydration, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and gestational hypertension for pregnant persons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Ultimately, obstetric professionals are essential to improving the care of pregnant persons at increased risk from salient climate-related heat exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 3","pages":"174-185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Cost-Effectiveness of Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy.","authors":"Olamide Akin-Olugbade, Tarun Jain, Allison Komorowski","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001373","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is an important focus area of reproductive medicine because of its potential to improve the odds of a live birth from in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite growing interest and use of this technology, there has been a limited, albeit growing, body of literature that has evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PGT-A for patients compared with IVF without PGT-A. This review aims to further explore this relationship and summarize current findings.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Studies were selected entering terms such as \"PGT-A,\" \"IVF,\" and \"cost-effectiveness\" in the PubMed database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In some studies, PGT-A has been shown to be cost-effective in older patients and patients who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss. In other studies, PGT-A use has shown comparable live birth rates to traditional IVF while carrying a more expensive price tag. In addition, PGT-A carries risk, including embryo damage and improper embryo classification, and has significant financial cost. Specifically with regards to cost-effectiveness, considerations such as age, reproductive timeline, and economic burden have been identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultimately, there is incomplete data addressing factors such as mosaicism, patient perspectives of the economic cost, and patient experiences surrounding PGT-A. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate PGT-A outcomes, patient experiences, and cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>As utilization of assisted reproductive technology continues to increase, a careful analysis of the cost-effectiveness of additional genetic screening tests is critical to patient counseling and shared decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 3","pages":"169-173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Maternal Genetic Conditions in Pregnancy, Part 1: Disorders of the Connective Tissue, Muscle, Vascular, and Skeletal Systems.","authors":"Anne Mardy, Madeline Whitney","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001359","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The number of patients with various genetic syndromes who are or seek to become pregnant is increasing due to advances in medical care and assisted reproductive technologies. Management of these patients requires multidisciplinary care teams and knowledge of the risks of increased morbidity and mortality. In addition, many of these inheritance patterns are autosomal dominant, with a 50% risk of an offspring inheriting the disorder with each pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this first of a 2-part series, common syndromes with connective tissue, muscle, vascular, or skeletal involvement will be discussed regarding surveillance and management of mother and fetus.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A literature search was performed for important updates in the literature regarding management of patients with genetic connective tissue disorders, aortopathies, muscular dystrophies, vascular disorders, and skeletal dysplasias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Updates have been incorporated since the last publication in 2011, including updated diagnostic criteria for several conditions (such as Marfan syndrome), international guidelines in management of aortopathies and achondroplasia, an expanded section on hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and a new section on familial cerebral cavernous malformation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since the last publication, many guidelines have been published or updated regarding management of pregnancies in patients with genetic disorders and are reviewed in this article.</p><p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Clinicians who care for pregnant patients with genetic disorders should be aware of updated guidelines and recommendations in order to optimize their care during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 2","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Utility of Measures of Ovarian Reserve.","authors":"Katherine M Baker, Rodolfo FernandezCriado, Jennifer L Eaton, Virginia A Mensah","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001362","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Measures of ovarian reserve, particularly anti-Müllerian hormone, have been increasingly and inaccurately utilized as \"fertility tests.\" It is important to understand the available measures of ovarian reserve and how to appropriately interpret and integrate their use into clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this article are to review the process of reproductive aging, define ovarian reserve, describe the available measures of ovarian reserve, and discuss the clinical utility of these measures.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A literature search was performed using the electronic database PubMed. Relevant guidelines, systematic reviews, and original research articles investigating ovarian reserve parameters and their clinical utility were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fecundity of women gradually declines with increasing reproductive age as oocyte quantity and quality decline. Ovarian reserve is defined as the quantity of oocytes remaining in the ovary. Ovarian reserve can be measured indirectly with the use of serum blood tests or ultrasound imaging. Measures of ovarian reserve are clinically useful in several circumstances, particularly for use during fertility treatment and cycles of assisted reproductive technology. However, measures of ovarian reserve are poor predictors of reproductive potential and should not be used as \"fertility tests.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Measures of ovarian reserve are poor predictors of reproductive potential and should not be used as \"fertility tests.\" Age remains a stronger predictor of reproductive success than measures of ovarian reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 2","pages":"121-133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Stem Cells: Will the Dream of Neo-Folliculogenesis After Birth Become Real?","authors":"Stefano Canosa, Erica Silvestris, Andrea Roberto Carosso, Alessandro Ruffa, Bernadette Evangelisti, Gianluca Gennarelli, Gennaro Cormio, Vera Loizzi, Alessandro Rolfo, Chiara Benedetto, Alberto Revelli","doi":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001360","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000001360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Ovarian stem cells (OSCs) represent a promising tool in reproductive medicine, particularly for the treatment of premature ovarian failure and fertility preservation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Herein, we summarize the main characteristics of adult stem cells, their status, needs, and new challenges in the application in reproductive medicine.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Clinical studies have shown that OSCs transplantation can restore ovarian function and stimulate neo-folliculogenesis in patients with premature ovarian failure, enabling them to conceive naturally or through in vitro fertilization techniques. Moreover, OSCs gained increasing interest as a chance to preserve fertility in cancer patients undergoing gonadotoxic treatments affecting their fertility, as chemotherapy or radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The recruitment of OSCs from fresh or thawed ovarian fragments coupled with their capability to differentiate in vitro to mature oocytes could provide a novel opportunity to verify their suitability to be expanded in vitro as oocyte like cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Research into OSCs and their applications in reproductive medicine is still in its infancy, but the results so far are promising and offer new possibilities for patients suffering from premature ovarian failure or cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19409,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey","volume":"80 2","pages":"112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}