Journal of Food Science最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing Mechanical, Moisture-Based, and Enzymatic Pretreatments to Improve Dehulling Outcomes and Nutritional Quality in Four US Dry Bean Market Classes.","authors":"Winter Graham, Karen Cichy, Jeffrey Swada","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.71342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a nutrient-dense and sustainable protein source, with potential for use as a food ingredient, but strong adhesion between the seed coat and cotyledon limits processing efficiency. This study evaluated mechanical and moisture-based pretreatments, with and without enzymatic supplementation, to improve dehulling performance across four major US market classes (black, pinto, navy, and Great Northern) and assessed the nutritional quality of resulting cotyledon and hull fractions. Small-scale trials identified that moisture tempering to 40% combined with bran-cracking was the primary driver of improved dehulling (dehulling index [DI] = 0.84 ± 0.01), with low enzyme addition providing a comparable DI (DI = 0.84 ± 0.01). Validation trials across four market classes confirmed that bran-cracking with 40% moisture tempering achieved consistently high performance (DE = 82%-89%, DD = 95%-100%, DI = 0.64-0.68), while enzyme addition provided no statistically significant additional benefit at the validation scale. Compositional analysis showed that hulls contained 33.2 ± 1.5% crude fiber and 6%-16% protein, while cotyledons contained 12.4 ± 3.5% crude fiber and 19%-24% protein; across all pretreatments, cotyledon protein concentration remained stable, supporting its suitability as a consistent, protein-dense ingredient stream. These findings demonstrate that moisture tempering combined with mechanical bran-cracking constitutes a practical, enzyme-free framework for enhancing dry bean dehulling while supporting value-added utilization of hulls as functional, fiber-rich ingredients. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This work identifies moisture tempering combined with mechanical bran-cracking as the primary driver of improved dry bean dehulling performance-a practical, enzyme-free pretreatment strategy applicable across multiple US market classes. By enabling cleaner separation and recovering fiber-rich hull fractions as functional, clean-label ingredients, this approach supports reduced waste and expanded ingredient opportunities in pulse-processing operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71342"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Mucilage: An Approach for the Full Utilization of Ora-Pro-Nóbis Leaves.","authors":"Larissa Millena Girotto, Dayane Lilian Gallani Silva, Anderson Reginaldo Sampaio, Barbara Daniele Almeida Porciuncula, Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho Barros","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.71373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ora-pro-nóbis (OPN) leaves are remarkably high in mucilage content. Sustainable processing methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), can enhance the yield and functionality of OPN mucilage (OPNM). The resulting residue (OPNR) can be utilized to support circular economy approaches. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for OPNM extraction and subsequently characterize OPNR. OPNM was extracted by UAE at different power levels (200, 400, 600, and 800 W) and by conventional methods (water bath extraction at 25°C and 80°C). After extraction, OPNR was separated by filtration. OPNM samples showed lower protein contents (10.68-16.01 g 100 g^-1) than OPNR samples (15.15-20.22 g 100 g^-1) but higher water solubility (79.45-89.64 g 100 g^-1), water absorption capacity (552.93-797.07 g 100 g^-1), and total phenolic content (64.1-122.1 mg 100 g^-1), resulting in higher antioxidant activity. Lightness values ranged from 35.97 to 41.72 (OPNM) and 38.55 to 44.79 (OPNR). OPNM samples had irregular and rough surfaces, high emulsifying capacity (600.68-621.31 mL oil g^-1), and adequate emulsion stability (80.12%-86.90%). OPNM samples exhibited pseudoplastic behavior; the best balance between viscosity and structural integrity was achieved with the 400 W UAE treatment. OPNM also contained bioactive compounds, such as rutin and malic acid, as well as a complete profile of essential and nonessential amino acids, particularly histidine, glutamine, and aspartic acid. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the full utilization of OPN leaves, with UAE recommended as the most effective method for obtaining mucilage with enhanced functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Vacuum Freeze-Drying and Traditional Hot-Air Drying on Chemical Composition and Antithrombotic Mechanism of Panax notoginseng.","authors":"Yin Su, Jinxiang Zeng, Yuanhan Zhong, Jian Liang, Lingyun Zhong, Jingrong Fu, Jinghong Fu, Xin Wang, Anli Luo, Jing Zhu","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.71375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Panax notoginseng is a medicinal herb with significant antithrombotic activity. Its therapeutic effect is mainly dependent on saponins. Traditional hot air drying (HAD) is easy to cause thermal degradation of active saponins, while vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) lacks multi-dimensional comparative studies to support its processing advantages. This study comprehensively compared the chemical characteristics, antithrombotic efficacy in vivo, and serum metabolic characteristics of Panax notoginseng processed by VFD and HAD, to provide an experimental basis for the rational application of VFD in the production of high-value functional food raw materials. Fresh Panax notoginseng was treated with VFD and HAD, respectively. The UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS non-targeted metabolomics method was used to screen differential phytochemicals. A carrageenan-induced mouse tail vein thrombosis model was established, and the length of thrombus, coagulation parameters, and serum inflammatory factors were detected. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry serum metabolomics combined with KEGG pathway enrichment was used to analyze related metabolic pathways. A total of 201 differential components were screened (VIP > 1, FDR (false discovery rate) < 0.05), among which 73 were unique to VFD and 18 to HAD. Of the 44 identified components, 36 saponins-including ginsenosides Rb1, Rg1, Rd, and Re-were significantly enriched in VFD (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). VFD exhibited superior antithrombotic, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory effects over HAD at equivalent doses (p < 0.05). Metabolomics revealed that both drying groups shared glycerophospholipid and retinol metabolism, whereas only VFD regulated sphingolipid metabolism (p < 0.01). In conclusion, VFD retained more saponins and engaged broader metabolic pathways, correlating with enhanced antithrombotic activity compared with HAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depuration Investigation on Parasites and Bacterial Loads in Freshwater Clam (Batissa violacea) and Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Using a Sand Filter and UV Radiation.","authors":"Ashneel Ajay Singh, Shyla Mani, Vrinda Singh, Priyansha Prasad, Jesslyn Adarshna Kumar, Siva Balan Rajan Padayachi, Swartika Prasad, Ishani Chetty, Binisha S Kapadia, Palvi Darshni, Arjun Maharaj, Colline Kareena Kumar, Avantika Sami, Salanieta Tamani, Samuela Taucilagi","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71396","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater clams (Batissa violacea) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) are popular and important socioeconomic food security commodities that are commercially available to both locals and the hotel industry. Clams and oysters are consumed with various levels of preparation, ranging from raw to fully cooked. This study examined the presence and levels of bacterial and parasitic contaminants in freshwater clams and oysters from selected sites in Fiji and subjected them to depuration with a sand filter setup under ultraviolet (UV) and non-UV conditions for 50 h. Compared to the non-UV setup, the UV setup was significantly better in reducing total plate counts (TPC), coliforms, and fecal coliform (FC) for clams and FC and Vibrio spp. for oysters. The UV system had overall better performance; however, the non-UV setup also had effective performance. Multiple parasites were present in both oysters and clams. Elevated levels of FC and Vibrio spp. in both clams and oysters are a serious concern for food safety. The depuration system remained ineffective against parasites. Overall, depuration is an economical and effective system for the removal of bacterial contaminants from freshwater clams and oysters while keeping the animals in healthy and live condition. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: (1) Clams and oysters have a substantial undesirable biotic load in their bodies, which includes pathogens, heterotrophs, and parasites. (2) Depuration with sand filter and UV light setup effectively reduces TPC, coliform, fecal coliform, and Vibrio spp. loads from clams and oysters to safe levels for consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Protein Systems in Foods: Structure-Function Relationships, Nutritional Impacts, and Applications.","authors":"Xue Bai, Kai Zhou, Ranran Pang, Zhaoming Wang, Han Chen, Rui Yang, Baocai Xu","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71403","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing demand for sustainable, nutritious, and high-quality protein foods has highlighted limitations of single-source proteins and promoted interest in dual-protein systems (DPS). DPS are edible protein matrices intentionally formed from two distinct primary protein components, derived from different biological sources or complementary protein fractions, and processed within a shared physicochemical environment. This review integrates their definition, fabrication strategies, interaction mechanisms, functional properties, nutritional implications, and food applications. Protein-protein interactions, including electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and disulfide-mediated interactions, regulate unfolding, aggregation, interfacial adsorption, and network formation. Processing methods such as blending, co-precipitation, ultrasound, microwave treatment, pH shifting, fermentation, germination, and enzymatic cross-linking further modify structure and functionality. These changes affect solubility, emulsification, foaming, gelation, rheology, digestibility, and storage stability. Nutritionally, DPS may improve amino acid complementarity, digestion behavior, and bioactive peptide release, but their benefits depend on protein source, ratio, processing conditions, and matrix. Applications in meat and seafood analogues, dairy-like systems, bakery products, beverages, and structured foods show potential for quality and sustainability improvement. However, sensory defects, allergenicity, limited digestibility evidence, and insufficient consumer studies remain challenges. This review provides a framework for designing stable, nutritious, sustainable, and acceptable dual-protein foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory Effects of Grape Seed Extract and Epicatechin on Malondialdehyde-Mediated Protein Lipoxidation.","authors":"Guocheng Zhang, Yicheng Zhang, Hao Ling, Huijie Pan, Jianli Chen, Chunsong Xie, Hongwei Yao, Binghua Xie, Qin Zhu, Jun Xu","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71407","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the principal and most studied reactive carbonyl species derived from polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation. This aldehyde is a chemically reactive molecule and should not be considered merely as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Its interaction with proteins, commonly termed protein lipoxidation, modifies protein structure and functions, thus extending the hazards of lipid peroxidation. In this study, a simplified model mimicking MDA-mediated protein oxidation in bovine serum albumin (BSA) was established to simulate protein lipoxidation in food systems. Grape seed extract (GSE, 50-200 mg/L) and epicatechin (EC, 145-580 mg/L) significantly inhibited MDA-mediated protein lipoxidation in BSA, as evidenced by a marked decrease in lipofuscin-like fluorescence and confirmed via Western blot analysis of MDA-protein adduct formation. Nevertheless, concentration-dependent dual effects were observed by protein conformational changes (reduced sulfhydryl, surface hydrophobicity, and altered microstructure) at high concentrations of GSE and EC, although they exhibited potent inhibitory effects in MDA-mediated protein lipoxidation. HPLC quantification demonstrated that GSE scavenged 10-60% of MDA while EC scavenged 70-95%, indicating their direct contribution to MDA removal. Molecular docking simulations further implied a possible binding mode in which EC associates with BSA more favorably (lower free energy) than MDA, which may competitively block the sites accessible to MDA. Collectively, these findings support a mitigation strategy in which phenolic nucleophiles can be employed to counteract MDA-mediated protein lipoxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"South African Herbal Teas and Diabetes-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Emerging Evidence and Mechanistic Insights.","authors":"Shanika Reddy, Naeem Sheik Abdul, Taskeen Fathima Docrat, Jeanine Marnewick","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71351","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a central component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and is associated with underlying mitochondrial dysfunction. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis impairs cellular energy metabolism and contributes to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. These mitochondrial abnormalities exacerbate insulin resistance and impair pancreatic β-cell function, thereby accelerating the progression of T2D. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of plant-derived biomolecules, particularly polyphenols found in traditional herbal teas, for mitigating oxidative stress and restoring mitochondrial integrity. This review explores the pathophysiological role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in T2D, with a focus on insulin action and β-cell function. We review three South African herbal teas (Rooibos, Honeybush, and Bush tea) and summarize how, through regulation of the oxidoreductase enzyme system, upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of pro-oxidant enzymes, and support of mitochondrial biogenesis, demonstrating promising bioactivity. The review synthesizes current evidence on the herbal tea's key phytochemicals and their proposed mechanisms of action, highlighting their relevance in mitigating redox imbalance and preserving mitochondrial integrity within the context of diabetes. In addition, factors influencing their nutraceutical value, such as phytochemical composition, processing conditions, and bioavailability, are considered in relation to functional food development. By linking their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to mitochondrial protection, this review underscores their potential role as complementary interventions in the management of T2D. Although emerging in vitro and in vivo studies suggest promising bioactivity of the herbal teas, the current evidence base remains limited by a lack of well-controlled human clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenolic, Flavonoid, Short-Chain Fatty Acid, and Probiotic Biomass Changes During In Vitro Digestion and Fermentation of Litchi Seed Vinegar.","authors":"Yizhuo Zhang, Jun Huang, Rongqing Zhou, Suyi Zhang, Yong Li, Rui Huang, Rui Liu, Chongde Wu","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71394","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Litchi processing generates large quantities of seed by-products that are rich in starch and polyphenols but remain underutilized. In this study, the bioactivity and prebiotic potential of litchi seed vinegar (EHA-B-S1), a sustainable product derived from litchi seed by-products, were systematically evaluated. EHA-B-S1 displayed measurable in vitro antioxidant activity: total antioxidant capacity (4 mmol Trolox equivalents per mL), DPPH radical-scavenging of 50 µmol Vc equivalents per mL, and ABTS radical-scavenging activity of 1.0 mmol Vc equivalents per mL. EHA-B-S1 displayed moderate inhibitory capacity against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancrelipase, and its performance was close to that of acarbose and orlistat. During probiotic-mediated fermentation, EHA-B-S1 rapidly acidified the fermentation environment, treatment resulted in higher measured biomass of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and partially sustained Bifidobacterium longum compared with the control. The increase in metabolic activity showed higher short-chain fatty acid production, especially acetic acid, and expanded flavonoid diversity from 36 to 47 detected compounds; total flavonoid content increased to approximately 176% of the initial level. Network pharmacology analysis further predicted that these flavonoids may be associated with multiple metabolic and inflammatory pathways, providing hypotheses for future mechanistic studies. Collectively, the experimentally observed in vitro activities and fermentation-associated metabolite changes support further investigation of litchi seed vinegar as an upcycled bioactive fermented-food candidate, whereas its molecular targets, physiological effects, and health relevance require targeted cellular and in vivo validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Enzyme Hydrolysis and Ultrafiltration-Based Optimization, Identification, and Characterization of Buttermilk Peptides and Myricetin for Enhancing Antioxidant Synergy.","authors":"Wenjing Niu, Xiaolin Liu, Jie Bai, Yejun Yan, Ran Xiao, Tianjiao Niu, Yu Gao, Weihong Lu, Kaifang Guan, Rongchun Wang, Dehai Li","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71381","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1750-3841.71381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dairy peptides and plant polyphenols attract significant attention for their bioactive properties; however, the synergistic antioxidant mechanism of buttermilk peptides and myricetin remains unclear. In this study, buttermilk proteins from Lacprodan MFGM-10, a milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)-enriched buttermilk powder, were subjected to multi-enzyme hydrolysis using papain (Pap), alkaline protease (AP), and neutral protease (NP) at an enzyme concentration of 6000 U/g in different combinations. The results showed that the synergistic application of enzymes significantly increased the degree of hydrolysis (DH), with the AP group reaching a peak DH of approximately 42% at 150 min. Two candidate peptides, WGSPP and SWPWQ, were selected from the screened buttermilk peptide fractions. Through Caco-2 transmembrane transport validation and molecular docking, it is confirmed that these peptides can non-competitively bind to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) via molecular docking, with binding energies of -12.7 and -11.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Additionally, myricetin exhibits a strong binding energy, with a binding energy of -9.5 kcal/mol. In an L6 myoblast injury model induced by rotenone, combined treatment significantly enhances AChE inhibitory rate, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, restores superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the NAD⁺/NADH ratio, and improves mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, without demonstrating cytotoxicity. Buttermilk-derived peptides and myricetin exert synergistic antioxidant effects by improving redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function, thereby alleviating oxidative stress-induced injury in rotenone-induced L6 cells. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the potential role of these compounds in oxidative stress-associated skeletal muscle health; however, direct sarcopenia-related endpoints were not evaluated in the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Insights Into Wall-Breaking Selenium-Enriched Yeast Intervention on Glycolipid Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Through Gut Microbiota Modulation.","authors":"Wenqian Tang, Runhua Hao, Xiangjun Chen, Ligang Yang, Wang Liao, Hui Xia, Shaokang Wang, Guiju Sun","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.71376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.71376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder closely associated with dietary factors, exhibits potential pathogenic links with gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of wall-breaking selenium-enriched yeast (WBS) through systematic exploration of its regulatory mechanisms on metabolism and gut microbiota in streptozotocin-induced T2DM rat models. Key findings revealed that the WBS effectively elevated selenium levels in serum and major tissues. Therapeutically, considerable improvements were observed in blood glucose-related parameters and glycolipid metabolism, alongside enhanced pancreatic function and antioxidant enzyme activities. Histopathological examination demonstrated attenuated fibrosis in liver and kidneys, accompanied by their functional restoration. Moreover, WBS reversed T2DM-induced gut dysbiosis, particularly enriching bacteria including Bacteroidota and Ruminococcus. Concurrently, fecal SCFA content showed marked elevation. The anti-inflammatory effects were evidenced by downregulated colonic inflammatory cytokines and related mRNA expressions. These findings provide theoretical foundation for developing selenium-enriched yeast products and formulating nutritional strategies for T2DM intervention. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings of this study help clarify the role of selenium-enriched yeast in modulating dysregulated glycolipid metabolism in Type 2 diabetes through the gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"91 8","pages":"e71376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}