Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Bridging the Gap Between Depression and Epilepsy: A Call for Integrated Neuropsychiatric Care.","authors":"Paolo Brambilla, Reetta Kälviäinen, Bettina Schmitz, Marcin Siwek, Allan H Young","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S581447","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S581447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Brain health\" encompasses key functions such as cognition, emotion, and behaviour, and is increasingly relevant given its role across neurological and psychiatric conditions. One of these, depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy (PWE). When unrecognized and untreated, depression is associated with increased seizure severity and poorer treatment response, significantly impacting patients' prognosis and quality of life; conversely, the rate of epilepsy is 2-fold higher in individuals with incident depression compared to those without depression. Several studies have confirmed a strong bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and depression; an advisory panel of psychiatrists and neurologists with expertise in epilepsy and mood disorders convened for a virtual meeting held in 2024 to assess the impact of the interplay between these two conditions. A comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to discussion was adopted to address challenges in diagnosing and managing depression in PWE, focusing on early intervention, patient education, and tailored treatments strategies; additionally, the meeting emphasized the importance of integrated care between neurologists and psychiatrists to address this unmet medical need. The authors identified depression in PWE as being underdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms, stigma, and limited psychiatric care integration. Management is challenging as some antiseizure medication worsen depression and certain antidepressants may lower the seizure threshold, requiring careful selection and monitoring to balance efficacy and safety. Potential interactions between these medicines underscore the importance of carefully selecting therapeutic combinations to minimize adverse effects. Effective management involves an interdisciplinary approach, integrating neurologists and psychiatrists. Key strategies include early screening, psychoeducation, a personalized approach to pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment, and increased awareness among healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers regarding the overlap of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, educational resources, as well as digital tools, can help inform and educate patients and caregivers on holistic brain health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"581447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Brain Morphological Features and Ionized Serum Magnesium to Identify Mild Tic Comorbidity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Xi Chen, Xiang Zhou, Bo-Ya Yin, Feng-Yun Zou, Shuang-Shuang Zhong, Ya-Yin Deng, Jia-Yuan Zhao, Yu-Xuan Ni, Wen-Ying Zhou, Ruo-Mi Guo","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S622603","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S622603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently co-occurs with tic disorders, yet clinical differentiation remains challenging. This study developed and validated a predictive model combining brain morphological imaging and serum trace elements to distinguish ASD alone from ASD with comorbid mild tic disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional diagnostic study included 104 children aged 4-15 years (90 boys and 14 girls): 53 with ASD alone and 51 with ASD and mild tic disorders. Participants were randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio. Candidate predictors were screened in the training cohort with correction for multiple comparisons and further selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression. These features were incorporated into a multivariable regression equation and a nomogram. Model performance and internal validation were assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Independent predictors included asymmetry indices of the caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and paratenial thalamic nucleus; cortical curvatures of the left anterior cingulate cortex and right lateral occipital gyrus; and ionized serum magnesium levels (all p < 0.05). The model achieved the areas under the ROC curves (AUROCs) of 0.904 (95% CI: 0.834-0.975) in the training cohort and 0.826 (95% CI: 0.664-0.988) in the internal validation cohort, outperforming individual predictors. Calibration was acceptable, and DCA suggested potential clinical utility within this cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nomogram prediction model accurately distinguishes between ASD and ASD-mT, showing strong discriminative power and clinical value. It may aid clinicians in early comorbidity detection and guide treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"622603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13436569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing Perception from Evidence in Psychiatrists' Attitudes Toward Second-Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics [Letter].","authors":"Yoshiyo Oguchi","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S638774","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S638774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"638774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Antidepressant Treatment Persistence in Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder in Japan: A Retrospective Nationwide Claims-Based Study.","authors":"Keisuke Nomoto, Ataru Inagaki, Keita Yamauchi","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S604157","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S604157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Real-world evidence on major depressive disorder (MDD) management in children and adolescents is limited in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant treatment persistence rate in this population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study evaluated the antidepressant treatment persistence in children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years) with MDD who had claims data from 6 months before to 1 year after the index date between 2012 and 2017 using a large-scale Japanese claims database. Treatment persistence was defined as the absence of a prescription gap beyond 30 days. Factors associated with it were examined using a Cox proportional hazards model (JMP ver.18).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,582 patients on the index date were included. The treatment persistence rate for any antidepressant was 62.6% on the 30th postindex day, 46.1% on the 60th postindex day, 22.3% on the 180th postindex day, and 10.2% on the 365th postindex day. The most frequently prescribed initial antidepressant was sulpiride (30.0%). By drug class, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most frequently prescribed (39.9%), followed by tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (18.3%) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (6.3%). The significant factors associated with treatment discontinuation with any antidepressant were treatment initiation with sulpiride, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants, serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors, or TCAs, as well as consultations with nonmental health specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antidepressant treatment persistence rates in children and adolescents with MDD were low. However, the rate varied depending on the first prescribed antidepressant and mental health specialist involvement. Relatively high persistence was observed among those prescribed SSRIs or SNRIs as their initial antidepressant treatment and those who received clinical interventions provided by mental health specialists. Given the claims data and no clinical severity measures, these findings should be interpreted with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"604157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Interventions for Antipsychotic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms: A Data Mining-Based Integrative Review of Prescription Patterns and Evidence.","authors":"Yu Qin, Limin Gao, Jie Tong, Xirong Sun, Yixin Zhou","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S608799","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S608799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia, remain major limitations of long-term antipsychotic therapy and negatively affect treatment adherence and quality of life. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has increasingly been explored as an adjunctive strategy for EPS management; however, evidence regarding prescription patterns, clinical effectiveness, and mechanistic rationale remains fragmented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct an integrative review of TCM interventions for antipsychotic-induced EPS through synthesis of clinical evidence and quantitative analysis of prescription patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of English- and Chinese-language databases identified 31 eligible studies, including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies, and cohort investigations. Clinical characteristics, EPS subtypes, outcome measures, safety data, and herbal prescription components were extracted. Narrative evidence synthesis was combined with frequency analysis, association rule mining, clustering, and network mapping to identify recurrent herbal combinations and therapeutic structures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Included studies involved patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders receiving first- or second-generation antipsychotics. Drug-induced parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia were the most frequently evaluated EPS subtypes. Frequently prescribed herbs included <i>Gastrodia elata</i>, <i>Uncaria rhynchophylla</i>, <i>Angelica sinensis</i>, and <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>. Data mining identified reproducible prescription patterns centered on wind-extinguishing, blood-nourishing, and phlegm-resolving therapeutic principles. Across comparative studies, adjunctive TCM interventions were associated with reductions in EPS severity scores and generally mild adverse events. Mechanistic findings suggested potential roles in dopaminergic modulation, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and oxidative stress reduction. However, methodological heterogeneity, inconsistent reporting standards, limited blinding, and short follow-up durations reduced certainty of evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence suggests that adjunctive TCM interventions may provide symptomatic benefit for antipsychotic-induced EPS, particularly drug-induced parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia. Nevertheless, existing evidence remains preliminary and geographically concentrated, and higher-quality multicenter studies with standardized reporting and long-term safety evaluation are required before broader clinical implementation can be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"608799"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing Characteristics Associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: Findings from the Synthetic House-Tree-Person Test.","authors":"Manman Zheng, Xinya Lin, Shao Wang, Xuan Zhang, Can Li, Rong Huang, Xiaofeng Jin","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S612297","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S612297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine drawing characteristics in the Synthetic House-Tree-Person (S-HTP) drawing test among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to explore their associations with ADHD symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 children aged 7-11 years (30 with clinically diagnosed ADHD and 30 healthy controls) completed the S-HTP drawing test and the SNAP-IV scale. Drawing characteristics were independently coded by two trained raters using predefined criteria. Group differences were analyzed using chi-square and rank-sum tests. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations with ADHD status, and ROC analyses were used to assess discrimination. FDR correction and bootstrap internal validation were additionally applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six drawing characteristics differed significantly between groups in the initial analyses, of which five remained significant after FDR correction. Seven drawing characteristics showed exploratory associations with SNAP-IV scores. After adjustment for age, gender, family structure, and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices scores, three drawing characteristics remained associated with ADHD status: A3 (tracing in shaky lines; OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 1.10-16.94), A4 (lines jagged and not joined; OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 1.45-20.49), and A8 (more than seven different colors; OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05-0.72). Exploratory ROC analyses indicated that combining these characteristics improved discriminatory performance. The combined model achieved an AUC of 0.835. Bootstrap internal validation yielded an optimism-corrected AUC of 0.812, indicating reasonable model stability within the present sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Certain S-HTP drawing characteristics were associated with ADHD status and symptom severity in this sample. In particular, A3, A4, and A8 were identified as drawing characteristics of potential interest for future research. However, given the exploratory design, relatively small sample size, and lack of external validation, further studies are required before the clinical utility of these findings can be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"612297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auricular Acupressure for Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yi-Meng Zeng, Si-Yu Liu, Jing-Han Qiu, Ji-Yuan Shi, Jun-Ting Tong, Qian-Yi Zhang, Jun-Xiang Wang","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S620599","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S620599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) induces disabling anxiety and depression, impairing mental health and academic performance in Chinese female undergraduates with high prevalence. Auricular acupressure (AA), a non-invasive Traditional Chinese Medicine modality, has potential in emotional regulation but lacks robust evidence for PMDD. This pilot study seeks to evaluate the feasibility, adherence, preliminary safety and efficacy of AA for PMDD-related emotional symptoms, as well as its potential neurophysiological mechanisms, so as to inform the design of subsequent large-scale RCTs.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Sixty-six eligible participants with PMDD will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the active AA group or the sham AA group. The intervention will be administered once weekly for 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, totaling 12 sessions; participants will perform self-acupressure three times daily for 10 minutes per session, with auricular plasters retained for at least 2 days per application to ensure compliance. Primary outcomes (severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms) will be assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) at baseline and post each cycle's final intervention. Secondary outcomes include emotional state (measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-20 [PANAS-20]) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Additionally, brain activity will be quantified via electroencephalography. Adverse events will be closely monitored throughout the trial.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ITMCTR2025002451 (International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry).</p><p><strong>Expected results and conclusion: </strong>This study is designed to collect feasibility data and preliminary evidence on the safety and efficacy of AA, alongside initial insights into its underlying mechanisms. Findings will optimize protocols and sample size for future RCTs, facilitating AA's clinical translation for PMDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"620599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Trauma-Exposed Older Adults in Rural Communes in Hanoi and Quang Binh, Vietnam.","authors":"Pham Thi Ngoc Bich, Le Xuan Hung, Ho Thi Kim Thanh","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S617817","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S617817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among trauma-exposed older adults but often under-recognized. Network analysis conceptualizes PTSD as a system of interacting symptoms and identifies the symptoms most central within the network. Evidence from older adults in Vietnam is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the PTSD symptom network and identify the most central symptoms in trauma-exposed older Vietnamese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data came from the second wave (2021-2022) of the Vietnam Health and Aging Study. From 301 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) PTSD symptom network was estimated in the 90 participants with complete symptom data. PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Vietnamese-validated PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). A regularized partial-correlation network (EBICglasso) was estimated from polychoric correlations. Node centrality was quantified using Expected Influence (EI), and stability was assessed using a case-dropping bootstrap.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The network comprised 19 of 20 PCL-5 nodes (D7 unavailable). Persistent negative emotional states (D4; EI = 1.306) and avoidance of trauma-related thoughts or feelings (C1; EI = 1.196) were the most central nodes, followed by psychological cue reactivity (B4; EI = 1.154). Sleep disturbance (E6; EI = 0.664) and physiological cue reactivity (B5; EI = 0.722) were comparatively peripheral. The ranking of the most central nodes was reproducible under the case-dropping bootstrap.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older Vietnamese adults with lifetime war trauma, cognitive avoidance and persistent negative affect were the most central PTSD symptoms. Because the design was cross-sectional and the rural sample may not be representative, these findings are associational and cannot establish symptom causation or treatment priority. Trauma-focused approaches, including Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, warrant further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"617817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Application of Resting-State Functional MRI for Individualized Localization of Core Language Areas in Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: An Observational Study.","authors":"Meng Wang, Xuehua Cui, Ya Zhang, Ruxue Wang, Yuxiang Yan, Lixia Zhou, Zhenzeng Fan, Wenling Li","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S585990","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S585990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) as an individualized tool for localizing core language areas in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent rs-fMRI-based language localization and stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG). The rs-fMRI data were processed using seed-based correlation analysis. Two neurosurgeons independently reviewed the data and reached a consensus on the rs-fMRI localization results. Language function outcomes derived from electrical stimulation of language-related electrodes during SEEG were independently analyzed and documented by two additional physicians. The consistency rate between rs-fMRI-identified language regions and the effects observed during electrical stimulation was subsequently calculated to compare the two techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Broca area, left- and right-hemisphere dominance occurred in equal proportions, with an asymmetric subregional distribution (predominantly pars triangularis on the left and pars opercularis on the right). Lateralization in the Wernicke area was less clear, with similar proportions of left, right, and bilateral representation. SEEG validation showed that when rs-fMRI indicated unilateral localization, it reliably identified SEEG stimulation-negative regions (specificity ≥ 94%), but its sensitivity was low (33%-50%), meaning that it frequently missed SEEG stimulation-positive areas. When rs-fMRI showed bilateral Wernicke localization, its diagnostic performance was poor (specificity only 27.3%, with a negative AC1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resting-state fMRI identified language reorganization in 54.8% broca and 64.5% wernicke patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, suggesting atypical or non-left-dominant language lateralization. Before surgery involving critical language areas, rs-fMRI scanning can be considered as an auxiliary tool to localize core language regions. When rs-fMRI shows unilateral localization and the area is non-core, it might reduce the need for implanting SEEG electrodes for language mapping in that region. However, in cases of bilateral Wernicke core localization, additional language mapping methods should be combined. These preliminary findings require validation in larger prospective cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"585990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13381330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum GDF-15 Levels in Pediatric ADHD: Associations with Symptom Severity and Stimulant Exposure.","authors":"Selçuk Özkan, Fatmagül Can, Asiye Höbel","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S622224","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S622224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-responsive cytokine involved in inflammatory signaling and metabolic regulation. Although inflammation has been implicated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the role of GDF-15 in pediatric ADHD has not been previously investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 72 children with ADHD. Participants were grouped as stimulant-treated (≥12 months, n=32) and treatment-naïve (n=40). Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6 -18). Serum GDF-15 levels were measured using ELISA. Group comparisons and age-adjusted regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stimulant-treated participants were older and exhibited lower symptom severity across Conners and CBCL domains. Serum GDF-15 levels did not differ between groups and were not associated with medication status after age adjustment. Additionally, no significant correlations were observed between GDF-15 levels and clinical symptom measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum GDF-15 levels were not associated with symptom severity or stimulant exposure in children with ADHD. Although no significant associations were identified in this sample, further adequately powered longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the potential role of GDF-15 and inflammatory pathways in pediatric ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"622224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}