Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Resting-State EEG Functional Connectivity and Independent Correlates of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Min-Qiang Bao, Dan Xiao, Xiang-Shun She, An-Feng Yin, Xiao-Ning Sheng, Shuang-Shuang Chen, Dandan Chu, Guo-Liang Gao, Yi-Nong Chen, Yu Wang","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S607557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S607557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate alterations in resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) functional connectivity (FC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and cognitive impairment, examine its independent association with cognitive dysfunction, and evaluate the potential neurophysiological biomarker value of rsEEG FC in AF-related cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 141 participants were divided into three groups: controls without AF or cognitive impairment (HC, n = 41), patients with AF without cognitive impairment (PT-WoCI, n = 37), and patients with AF and cognitive impairment (PT-CI, n = 63). All participants underwent rsEEG and cognitive assessment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. EEG metrics, including power spectral density (PSD), FC, phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), and sample entropy (EnSA), were derived from rsEEG data. Candidate EEG features were further screened using LASSO regression. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to assess independent associations between rsEEG metrics and cognitive impairment. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate model discriminatory performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HC and PT-WoCI groups, the PT-CI group showed significantly reduced alpha-band FC. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, alpha-band wPLI remained independently associated with cognitive impairment in patients with AF (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.72, P = 0.002). The model incorporating clinical variables and alpha-band wPLI showed good discriminatory ability (area under the ROC curve: 0.814 [95% CI: 0.729-0.900]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Impaired alpha-band FC is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with AF. Alpha-band wPLI showed an independent association with cognitive status, supporting the potential clinical utility of rsEEG FC as an objective marker of AF-related cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"607557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Benzodiazepine Use for Chronic Insomnia: Insights from a Delphi Expert Consensus Study.","authors":"Matteo Di Vincenzo, Umberto Albert, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Giovanni Martinotti, Maurizio Pompili, Andrea Fiorillo","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S621541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S621541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic insomnia is the most prevalent sleep-wake disorder, affecting more than 16% of the general population. Benzodiazepines (BDZs) represent a therapeutic option for this condition, given their rapid action and sleep-maintenance effects. BDZ use remains valid and widespread, even if, in some cases, it has been associated with misuse and tolerance when treatment is protracted. We carried out a Delphi study to reach an expert consensus on the appropriate use of BDZs and potential unclear aspects regarding their management of chronic insomnia, including special populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel of 33 experts was asked to answer a questionnaire consisting of 35 questions, prepared by a Steering Committee. Items which did not reach a consensus (namely, agreement of more than 66% of responders) in the first in-person round were re-answered by experts in an online second round.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experts emphasized the importance of half-life, formulation, and usage patterns in guiding appropriate prescribing of BDZs. \"As‑needed\" administration was deemed preferable for specific populations-elderly and individuals with relevant physical comorbidities. However, consensus was not reached regarding the appropriateness of BDZ use for chronic insomnia in women during the first trimester of pregnancy or breastfeeding. The panel also highlighted the need to strengthen clinicians' training and improve patients' education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A thorough clinical characterization of each patient with chronic insomnia should remain the cornerstone for guiding BDZ treatment decisions. Enhancing physicians' training and strengthening patients' education are essential steps toward optimizing BDZ use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"621541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13478234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148796172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Sectional Associations of Insomnia, Social Dysfunction, Suicidality, and Depressive Symptoms in Rural Adults with Schizophrenia: A Sex-Stratified Analysis.","authors":"Yuting Wang, Zhaoyang Cheng, Xiaoping Yuan, Yanling Liao, Su-Qi Song, Huanzhong Liu, Kai Zhang","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S617984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S617984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insomnia, social dysfunction, suicidality, and depressive symptoms commonly co-occur in schizophrenia. Their joint cross-sectional associations and potential sex differences among rural adults with schizophrenia remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter cross-sectional study included 931 rural adults with schizophrenia in Chaohu, China. Depressive symptoms, insomnia severity, social dysfunction, and suicidality were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Insomnia Severity Index, Social Disability Screening Schedule, and a composite suicidality score, respectively. Sex-stratified logistic regression and exploratory indirect-association analyses with 5,000 bootstrap resamples were conducted. A sensitivity analysis used a non-overlapping Patient Health Questionnaire-7 score excluding the sleep and suicidality items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 931 participants, 457 were male and 474 were female. Female participants had higher depressive-symptom, insomnia, suicidality, and social-dysfunction scores than male participants (all P≤0.005). In both sex-stratified models, higher insomnia, suicidality, and social-dysfunction scores were associated with greater odds of at least mild depressive symptoms. In the exploratory model, insomnia severity was directly associated with depressive-symptom score (b=0.388, 95% bootstrap confidence interval [CI], 0.345-0.431). Indirect associations via social dysfunction (0.042, 95% CI, 0.028-0.057) and suicidality (0.038, 95% CI, 0.021-0.058) were supported, whereas the serial indirect association was not (0.002, 95% CI, -0.0001 to 0.005). Sex did not moderate the indirect associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women reported higher symptom and social-dysfunction scores than men, but sex did not moderate the estimated indirect associations. Insomnia, social dysfunction, suicidality, and depressive symptoms formed a clinically relevant cross-sectional pattern; however, temporal ordering and causality cannot be inferred. Longitudinal studies with non-overlapping measures and broader clinical covariates are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"617984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap Between Depression and Epilepsy: A Call for Integrated Neuropsychiatric Care.","authors":"Paolo Brambilla, Reetta Kälviäinen, Bettina Schmitz, Marcin Siwek, Allan H Young","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S581447","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S581447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Brain health\" encompasses key functions such as cognition, emotion, and behaviour, and is increasingly relevant given its role across neurological and psychiatric conditions. One of these, depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy (PWE). When unrecognized and untreated, depression is associated with increased seizure severity and poorer treatment response, significantly impacting patients' prognosis and quality of life; conversely, the rate of epilepsy is 2-fold higher in individuals with incident depression compared to those without depression. Several studies have confirmed a strong bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and depression; an advisory panel of psychiatrists and neurologists with expertise in epilepsy and mood disorders convened for a virtual meeting held in 2024 to assess the impact of the interplay between these two conditions. A comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to discussion was adopted to address challenges in diagnosing and managing depression in PWE, focusing on early intervention, patient education, and tailored treatments strategies; additionally, the meeting emphasized the importance of integrated care between neurologists and psychiatrists to address this unmet medical need. The authors identified depression in PWE as being underdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms, stigma, and limited psychiatric care integration. Management is challenging as some antiseizure medication worsen depression and certain antidepressants may lower the seizure threshold, requiring careful selection and monitoring to balance efficacy and safety. Potential interactions between these medicines underscore the importance of carefully selecting therapeutic combinations to minimize adverse effects. Effective management involves an interdisciplinary approach, integrating neurologists and psychiatrists. Key strategies include early screening, psychoeducation, a personalized approach to pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment, and increased awareness among healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers regarding the overlap of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, educational resources, as well as digital tools, can help inform and educate patients and caregivers on holistic brain health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"581447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Brain Morphological Features and Ionized Serum Magnesium to Identify Mild Tic Comorbidity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Xi Chen, Xiang Zhou, Bo-Ya Yin, Feng-Yun Zou, Shuang-Shuang Zhong, Ya-Yin Deng, Jia-Yuan Zhao, Yu-Xuan Ni, Wen-Ying Zhou, Ruo-Mi Guo","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S622603","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S622603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently co-occurs with tic disorders, yet clinical differentiation remains challenging. This study developed and validated a predictive model combining brain morphological imaging and serum trace elements to distinguish ASD alone from ASD with comorbid mild tic disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional diagnostic study included 104 children aged 4-15 years (90 boys and 14 girls): 53 with ASD alone and 51 with ASD and mild tic disorders. Participants were randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio. Candidate predictors were screened in the training cohort with correction for multiple comparisons and further selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression. These features were incorporated into a multivariable regression equation and a nomogram. Model performance and internal validation were assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Independent predictors included asymmetry indices of the caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and paratenial thalamic nucleus; cortical curvatures of the left anterior cingulate cortex and right lateral occipital gyrus; and ionized serum magnesium levels (all p < 0.05). The model achieved the areas under the ROC curves (AUROCs) of 0.904 (95% CI: 0.834-0.975) in the training cohort and 0.826 (95% CI: 0.664-0.988) in the internal validation cohort, outperforming individual predictors. Calibration was acceptable, and DCA suggested potential clinical utility within this cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nomogram prediction model accurately distinguishes between ASD and ASD-mT, showing strong discriminative power and clinical value. It may aid clinicians in early comorbidity detection and guide treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"622603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13436569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing Perception from Evidence in Psychiatrists' Attitudes Toward Second-Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics [Letter].","authors":"Yoshiyo Oguchi","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S638774","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S638774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"638774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Antidepressant Treatment Persistence in Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder in Japan: A Retrospective Nationwide Claims-Based Study.","authors":"Keisuke Nomoto, Ataru Inagaki, Keita Yamauchi","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S604157","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S604157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Real-world evidence on major depressive disorder (MDD) management in children and adolescents is limited in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant treatment persistence rate in this population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study evaluated the antidepressant treatment persistence in children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years) with MDD who had claims data from 6 months before to 1 year after the index date between 2012 and 2017 using a large-scale Japanese claims database. Treatment persistence was defined as the absence of a prescription gap beyond 30 days. Factors associated with it were examined using a Cox proportional hazards model (JMP ver.18).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,582 patients on the index date were included. The treatment persistence rate for any antidepressant was 62.6% on the 30th postindex day, 46.1% on the 60th postindex day, 22.3% on the 180th postindex day, and 10.2% on the 365th postindex day. The most frequently prescribed initial antidepressant was sulpiride (30.0%). By drug class, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most frequently prescribed (39.9%), followed by tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (18.3%) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (6.3%). The significant factors associated with treatment discontinuation with any antidepressant were treatment initiation with sulpiride, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants, serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors, or TCAs, as well as consultations with nonmental health specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antidepressant treatment persistence rates in children and adolescents with MDD were low. However, the rate varied depending on the first prescribed antidepressant and mental health specialist involvement. Relatively high persistence was observed among those prescribed SSRIs or SNRIs as their initial antidepressant treatment and those who received clinical interventions provided by mental health specialists. Given the claims data and no clinical severity measures, these findings should be interpreted with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"604157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Interventions for Antipsychotic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms: A Data Mining-Based Integrative Review of Prescription Patterns and Evidence.","authors":"Yu Qin, Limin Gao, Jie Tong, Xirong Sun, Yixin Zhou","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S608799","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S608799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia, remain major limitations of long-term antipsychotic therapy and negatively affect treatment adherence and quality of life. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has increasingly been explored as an adjunctive strategy for EPS management; however, evidence regarding prescription patterns, clinical effectiveness, and mechanistic rationale remains fragmented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct an integrative review of TCM interventions for antipsychotic-induced EPS through synthesis of clinical evidence and quantitative analysis of prescription patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of English- and Chinese-language databases identified 31 eligible studies, including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies, and cohort investigations. Clinical characteristics, EPS subtypes, outcome measures, safety data, and herbal prescription components were extracted. Narrative evidence synthesis was combined with frequency analysis, association rule mining, clustering, and network mapping to identify recurrent herbal combinations and therapeutic structures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Included studies involved patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders receiving first- or second-generation antipsychotics. Drug-induced parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia were the most frequently evaluated EPS subtypes. Frequently prescribed herbs included <i>Gastrodia elata</i>, <i>Uncaria rhynchophylla</i>, <i>Angelica sinensis</i>, and <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>. Data mining identified reproducible prescription patterns centered on wind-extinguishing, blood-nourishing, and phlegm-resolving therapeutic principles. Across comparative studies, adjunctive TCM interventions were associated with reductions in EPS severity scores and generally mild adverse events. Mechanistic findings suggested potential roles in dopaminergic modulation, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and oxidative stress reduction. However, methodological heterogeneity, inconsistent reporting standards, limited blinding, and short follow-up durations reduced certainty of evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence suggests that adjunctive TCM interventions may provide symptomatic benefit for antipsychotic-induced EPS, particularly drug-induced parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia. Nevertheless, existing evidence remains preliminary and geographically concentrated, and higher-quality multicenter studies with standardized reporting and long-term safety evaluation are required before broader clinical implementation can be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"608799"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing Characteristics Associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: Findings from the Synthetic House-Tree-Person Test.","authors":"Manman Zheng, Xinya Lin, Shao Wang, Xuan Zhang, Can Li, Rong Huang, Xiaofeng Jin","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S612297","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S612297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine drawing characteristics in the Synthetic House-Tree-Person (S-HTP) drawing test among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to explore their associations with ADHD symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 children aged 7-11 years (30 with clinically diagnosed ADHD and 30 healthy controls) completed the S-HTP drawing test and the SNAP-IV scale. Drawing characteristics were independently coded by two trained raters using predefined criteria. Group differences were analyzed using chi-square and rank-sum tests. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations with ADHD status, and ROC analyses were used to assess discrimination. FDR correction and bootstrap internal validation were additionally applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six drawing characteristics differed significantly between groups in the initial analyses, of which five remained significant after FDR correction. Seven drawing characteristics showed exploratory associations with SNAP-IV scores. After adjustment for age, gender, family structure, and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices scores, three drawing characteristics remained associated with ADHD status: A3 (tracing in shaky lines; OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 1.10-16.94), A4 (lines jagged and not joined; OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 1.45-20.49), and A8 (more than seven different colors; OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05-0.72). Exploratory ROC analyses indicated that combining these characteristics improved discriminatory performance. The combined model achieved an AUC of 0.835. Bootstrap internal validation yielded an optimism-corrected AUC of 0.812, indicating reasonable model stability within the present sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Certain S-HTP drawing characteristics were associated with ADHD status and symptom severity in this sample. In particular, A3, A4, and A8 were identified as drawing characteristics of potential interest for future research. However, given the exploratory design, relatively small sample size, and lack of external validation, further studies are required before the clinical utility of these findings can be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"612297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auricular Acupressure for Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yi-Meng Zeng, Si-Yu Liu, Jing-Han Qiu, Ji-Yuan Shi, Jun-Ting Tong, Qian-Yi Zhang, Jun-Xiang Wang","doi":"10.2147/NDT.S620599","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NDT.S620599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) induces disabling anxiety and depression, impairing mental health and academic performance in Chinese female undergraduates with high prevalence. Auricular acupressure (AA), a non-invasive Traditional Chinese Medicine modality, has potential in emotional regulation but lacks robust evidence for PMDD. This pilot study seeks to evaluate the feasibility, adherence, preliminary safety and efficacy of AA for PMDD-related emotional symptoms, as well as its potential neurophysiological mechanisms, so as to inform the design of subsequent large-scale RCTs.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Sixty-six eligible participants with PMDD will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the active AA group or the sham AA group. The intervention will be administered once weekly for 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, totaling 12 sessions; participants will perform self-acupressure three times daily for 10 minutes per session, with auricular plasters retained for at least 2 days per application to ensure compliance. Primary outcomes (severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms) will be assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) at baseline and post each cycle's final intervention. Secondary outcomes include emotional state (measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-20 [PANAS-20]) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Additionally, brain activity will be quantified via electroencephalography. Adverse events will be closely monitored throughout the trial.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ITMCTR2025002451 (International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry).</p><p><strong>Expected results and conclusion: </strong>This study is designed to collect feasibility data and preliminary evidence on the safety and efficacy of AA, alongside initial insights into its underlying mechanisms. Findings will optimize protocols and sample size for future RCTs, facilitating AA's clinical translation for PMDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19378,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment","volume":"22 ","pages":"620599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}