Nuclear medicine and biology最新文献

{"title":"The cyclotron catalyst: David Schlyer's global impact on PET innovation","authors":"David Schlyer, Cathy S. Cutler","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109843","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149199561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-scale theranostic radiopharmaceutical production using cold kits: a green chemistry perspective","authors":"Sandile Sibiya,&nbsp;Jayed Oliver,&nbsp;Sietske M. Rubow,&nbsp;Martin Vlk,&nbsp;Samantha du Plessis,&nbsp;Jan Rijn Zeevaart,&nbsp;Mike M. Sathekge,&nbsp;Thomas Ebenhan,&nbsp;Janke Kleynhans","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global rise of theranostic nuclear medicine continues to increase the environmental and economic pressure associated with radiopharmaceutical production. Large-scale manufacturing, reliant on cyclotrons, GMP-compliant cleanrooms, automated synthesis modules, and disposable plastics, represent the most energy-intensive and waste-generating approach. In contrast, cold kit technologies represent an underutilized strategy to improve sustainability, reduce environmental impact and expand equitable global access to theranostic radiopharmaceuticals.</div><div>This review evaluates small-scale hospital-based compounding using lyophilised cold kit technologies through the lens of green chemistry and environmental justice. Gallium-68 and lutetium-177 are used as representative theranostic radionuclides. Energy consumption, waste generation, and accessibility between large-scale and hospital-based production are considered, highlighting the reduced environmental footprint of cold kits. Attention is given to radionuclide waste streams, including long-lived contaminants such as germanium-68 and lutetium-177 m. Challenges associated with cold kit production, including radionuclide source variability, radiochemical robustness and occupational radiation protections are addressed.</div><div>This review indicates that small-scale hospital compounding could contribute to a more sustainable, resource-efficient, and equitable nuclear medicine practice without compromising clinical quality or patient safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable cyclotron production of copper radioisotopes through gallium recovery and zinc target recycling","authors":"Giorgia Speltri,&nbsp;Chiara Favaretto,&nbsp;Francesca Porto,&nbsp;Rebecca Napolitano,&nbsp;Alessandra Boschi,&nbsp;Emiliano Cazzola,&nbsp;Giancarlo Gorgoni,&nbsp;Sara Cisternino,&nbsp;Alisa Kotliarenko,&nbsp;Liliana Mou,&nbsp;Gaja Piteo,&nbsp;Lucia De Dominicis,&nbsp;Juan Esposito,&nbsp;Gaia Pupillo,&nbsp;Lorenza Marvelli,&nbsp;Renzo Tassinari,&nbsp;Bruno Salvador Rancan,&nbsp;Licia Uccelli,&nbsp;Petra Martini","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for medical radiometals calls for more sustainable production strategies that minimize waste and improve resource efficiency. Herein, we present a circular radiometal chemistry approach for the cyclotron-based production of copper radioisotopes using a medical cyclotron and ^natZnO targets. The workflow integrates irradiation, radiochemical separation, and material recovery within a closed-loop system inspired by the waste-as-resource principles. ^natZnO targets were produced using Spark Plasma Sintering and subsequently irradiated at 17.9 MeV, 20 μA for up to 1 h. Following proton irradiation and primary separation of the produced ⁶¹Cu (up to 969 MBq at the End Of Bombardment), co-produced gallium radioisotopes were successfully recovered from post-separation waste streams through a two-step chromatographic process, achieving 85% and 89% recovery yields for copper and gallium isotopes, respectively. Both the produced copper and gallium isotopes were successfully employed in radiolabeling and apparent molar activity (AMA) studies with radiopharmaceutical ligands, achieving AMA values of up to 3.55 GBq/μmol and 4.01 GBq/μmol for copper and gallium, respectively. In addition, targets produced from ^natZnO recovered via a precipitation-based method (recovery yield up to 85%) were successfully irradiated, confirming the feasibility of material reintegration into the production cycle. This work establishes a scalable proof-of-concept for a circular workflow in radiometal production by combining gallium recovery and zinc recycling. This approach reduces waste generation and improves possible utilization of enriched materials, resulting in a more sustainable access to emerging theranostic radionuclides such as copper and gallium radioisotopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109679"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on the development and clinical translation of αvβ6-targeted radiopharmaceuticals","authors":"Xue Wang,&nbsp;YangGang Liu,&nbsp;Xing Yang,&nbsp;Lin Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrin αvβ6 is minimally expressed in normal epithelial tissues but is upregulated in a wide range of malignancies and fibrotic diseases, where it is closely linked to epithelial remodeling, tumor invasion, and disease progression. Owing to its restricted expression pattern and biological significance, integrin αvβ6 has emerged as an attractive target for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of αvβ6-targeted radiopharmaceuticals, covering linear and cyclic peptide-based tracers as well as emerging theranostic agents. These advances have led to imaging agents with improved in vivo imaging performance and enhanced translational potential, while also highlighting the complementary biological information provided by imaging of integrin αvβ6 in oncology and fibrotic diseases. Several radiopharmaceuticals have entered early clinical evaluation, providing initial evidence for the clinical feasibility of αvβ6-specific imaging and supporting its further investigation in oncology and fibrosis. In parallel, the development of αvβ6-targeted radionuclide therapy has broadened the therapeutic landscape and strengthened interest in αvβ6-targeted theranostic strategies. Together, these developments support continued evaluation of αvβ6-targeted radiopharmaceuticals for precision imaging and theranostic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on production of radioisotopes via nuclear fusion reactors","authors":"Tristan McCarthy,&nbsp;Rhys Johnston,&nbsp;Matthew I. Brand,&nbsp;Giancarlo Pascali,&nbsp;Patrick A. Burr","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introducing a radioactive nuclide into the appropriate targeting vector allows to diagnose the biochemical correlates of many diseases, or to selectively ablate tumor cells; such capability is steadily growing its impact in clinical practices. However, many of the medically useful radionuclides are produced within fission reactors, followed by complex and costly processing, limiting accessibility and increasing cost of such treatments. In this work we investigate the potential of using the highly energetic neutrons (14.06 MeV) from nuclear fusion reactions to promote the production of known, prospected or novel radionuclides of medical interest. We interrogated nuclear reaction databases to filter the most efficient neutron reactions, and obtained a list of potential products, from which we further selected the ones with the greatest potential medical relevance. A subset of 43 radionuclides was identified, for both imaging and therapy, and with differing carrier status. Among them, we identified ⁴⁷Sc, ⁶⁷Cu, ⁹⁹Mo, and alpha emitters ²¹²Pb and ²²⁵Ac, as some of the current isotopes that could be produced efficiently from fusion neutrons. We also highlight some promising novel radionuclides, such as ¹⁸⁹Ir and ⁸⁴Rb for imaging, and ^114mIn, ¹⁶¹Ho, ¹⁶⁵Er and ¹⁶⁹Er for therapy. In addition, we estimate that D-T nuclear fusion reactors can also provide access to energetic protons or moderated neutrons, thus providing backup options to cyclotrons and fission reactors. Our findings pave the way to introducing a greener, safer, possibly cheaper, radionuclide production pathway using fusion reactors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green radiochemistry and sustainability in radiopharmaceutical sciences","authors":"Verena Pichler,&nbsp;Giancarlo Pascali","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotope Harvesting at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams: Progress and Current Status","authors":"Katharina A. Domnanich,&nbsp;Chirag K. Vyas","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing societal demand for novel radionuclides across medicine, industry, and science has intensified the need for sustainable and accessible radionuclide production pathways. In addition to dedicated production facilities, large accelerator complexes primarily designed for fundamental and applied nuclear science research offer a valuable complementary source of rare radionuclides. The Isotope Harvesting Program (IHP) at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU) represents a novel approach for the production and recovery of valuable radionuclides generated as by-products of routine high-power heavy-ion accelerator operations. By transforming otherwise discarded radioactive byproducts into scientifically useful radionuclides, isotope harvesting embodies a “wealth-from-waste” strategy aligned with the principles of green radiochemistry and sustainable resource utilization. Building on early proof-of-concept developmental work initiated at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) and subsequently expanded at FRIB, the isotope harvesting effort has demonstrated the recovery and purification of several scientifically important radionuclides. This approach enables access to non-conventional radionuclides for applications spanning nuclear medicine, fundamental nuclear physics, environmental science, astrophysics, national security, and industrial research.</div><div>Integrated directly into the FRIB accelerator complex, the isotope harvesting infrastructure is designed to enable the collection of radionuclides generated during routine beam operations by recovering them from activated beam-dump cooling water, gaseous effluents, and irradiated components, without interfering with the facility's primary scientific mission. Although significant progress has been achieved, isotope harvesting remains an evolving field with ongoing challenges associated with radionuclide transport behavior, radiochemical separations, system integration, remote handling, and long-term operational reliability. This review summarizes the development and evolution of early-stage isotope harvesting activities at NSCL and FRIB, along with advances in facility infrastructure and emerging scientific and technical efforts, highlighting their roles in guiding future pathways for sustainable radionuclide production while advancing the goals of green radiochemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 109676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Back Cover - Graphical abstract TOC/TOC in double column/Cover image legend if applicable, Bar code, Abstracting and Indexing information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0969-8051(26)00071-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0969-8051(26)00071-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 109672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148736178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of radiolabeled FAP-targeting single-domain antibody 4AH29 in Göttingen minipigs","authors":"Nina Dumauthioz,&nbsp;Laurent Navarro,&nbsp;Marion Berdal,&nbsp;Surasa Nagachinta,&nbsp;Jos Eersels,&nbsp;Vaiva Gaspariunaite,&nbsp;Ana Rita Pombo Antunes,&nbsp;Jonatan Dewulf,&nbsp;Sam Massa,&nbsp;Troels Jørgensen,&nbsp;Lotte Kellemann Kristensen,&nbsp;Trine Starostka,&nbsp;Dimitrios Mantzilas,&nbsp;Tony Lahoutte,&nbsp;Matthias. D'Huyvetter","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is a pan-tumor target highly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts. We developed 4AH29, a single-domain antibody binding FAP, and investigated the biodistribution of [¹³¹I]I-GMIB-4AH29 and [¹¹¹In]In-DOTA-4AH29 in Göttingen minipigs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following radiopharmaceutical administration, blood activity profile was determined by gamma-counter and biodistribution kinetics were determined using SPECT/CT imaging, respectively. The data obtained with [¹¹¹In]In-DOTA-4AH29 were used as a surrogate for its ¹⁷⁷Lu- and ²²⁵Ac-labeled analogues and extrapolation to human absorbed dose was calculated for all analogues.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Radiolabeled 4AH29 showed good tolerability within the studied time frame. It displayed fast blood clearance driven by renal excretion. Kidney clearance dynamics of [¹³¹I]I-GMIB-4AH29 and [¹¹¹In]In-DOTA-4AH29 were distinct, likely driven by the different radiolabeling chemistry for halogen or metal conjugation. However, the contrasting patterns did not translate into relevant differences in mean residence time (MRT), nor was there a significant difference in bone marrow or liver MRTs when comparing halogen and metal-radiolabeled 4AH29. Extrapolated human absorbed doses for [¹³¹I]I-GMIB-4AH29 and [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTA-4AH29 were compared given their similar particle decay and comparable physical half-lives. In kidneys, [¹³¹I]I-GMIB-4AH29 led to an extrapolated human absorbed dose of 8.23E-01 mGy/MBq, whereas [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTA-4AH29 reached 5.86E-01 mGy/MBq. Consequently, the maximum tolerable administered activities were 28 and 39 GBq, respectively, to reach the renal absorbed dose limit of 23 Gy as determined by external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). In red marrow, the equivalent dose for [¹³¹I]I-GMIB-4AH29 was 3.8E-02 mGy/MBq and 1.36E-02 mGy/MBq with [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTA-4AH29. Thus, 53 GBq and 148 GBq can be administered, respectively, before reaching the EBRT set absorbed dose threshold of 2 Gy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>4AH29 radiolabeled with ¹³¹I or ¹¹¹In is well tolerated in Göttingen minipigs within the studied time frame. Extrapolated dosimetry of radiolabeled 4AH29 using OLINDA software indicates that its administration within a clinically relevant range is possible without exceeding toxicity limits in critical organs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 109654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced pre-therapy dosimetry for SSTR PET: A head-to-head preclinical assessment of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-TOC and [89Zr]Zr-DFO-TATE","authors":"Alexis M. Sanwick,&nbsp;Katherine N. Haugh,&nbsp;Dustin R. Osborne,&nbsp;John W. Dawson,&nbsp;Ivis F. Chaple","doi":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2026.109655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a clinically heterogeneous group of malignancies originating from neuroendocrine cells, with the potential to arise in nearly any organ system. Despite their relatively low incidence, NETS are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with reported 1- and 5-year mortality rate of 27.2% and 60.4%, respectively. These statistics underscore the critical importance of early and accurate diagnosis. A hallmark of NET biology is the overexpression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) on NET cell membranes. This molecular feature has been effectively exploited for both imaging and through the use of radiolabeled somatostatin analogues. To date, three FDA-approved radiopharmaceuticals for PET imaging of somatostatin receptor positive (SSTR+) NETs are clinically available, establishing PET as the standard imaging modality for disease detection, staging, and treatment planning of NETs. However, current tracers are limited by either the short half-lives or by practical constraints in production and distribution, restricting their broader clinical utility. ⁸⁹Zr (t_1/2 = 3.27 days, β⁺ = 22.3%, β⁺_avg = 395.5 keV) offers an attractive alternative, enabling imaging at extended timepoints with improved tumor-to-background contrast and the potential for more accurate pretherapy dosimetry. The aim of this work is to evaluate [⁸⁹Zr]Zr-DFO-TATE and [⁸⁹Zr]Zr-DFO-TOC for PET imaging of SSTR+ NETs. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive in vivo comparison of the two agents including the in vivo PET imaging, ex vivo biodistribution, and internal radiation dosimetry, with the overarching goal of advancing precision diagnostics and improving therapeutic planning for NET patients undergoing [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19363,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear medicine and biology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 109655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148361604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}