M. Talone, Adriano Camps, B. Mourre, R. Sabia, M. Vall-llossera, C. Gabarró, J. Font
{"title":"The impact of combining SMOS and ARGO data on the SMOS Level 2 and 3 products and effect of the vicinity of the coast","authors":"M. Talone, Adriano Camps, B. Mourre, R. Sabia, M. Vall-llossera, C. Gabarró, J. Font","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579463","url":null,"abstract":"The SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) Mission is the second of the ESApsilas Living Planet Programme Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions and it is scheduled for launch on November 2008. Its objective is to provide global and frequent Soil Moisture (SM) and Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) maps. SMOSpsila single payload is the Microwave Imaging Radiometer by Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) sensor, an L-band two-dimensional aperture synthesis interferometric radiometer. To help in the retrieval process, auxiliary data must be used in combination with the brightness temperatures measured by MIRAS. The output products of SMOS at Level 3 will be SSS remote measurements with global coverage and an accuracy of 0.1-0.4 psu (practical salinity units) over 100 x 100 - 200 times 200 km2 in 30 - 10 days. In this study pseudo SMOS Level 3 Products have been obtained in order to test the impact at Level 3 of introducing ARGO salinity measurements in the SMOS data processing chain. To do so: 1) The Ocean Parallelise (OPA) Model has been run to provide geophysical parameters; 2) The SMOS End-to-end Processor Simulator (SEPS) has been used to compute the brightness temperatures as measured by the MIRAS; 3) The SMOS Level 2 Processor Simulator (SMOS-L2PS) has been applied to retrieve SSS values for each point and overpass. To asses also the possible impact of the coastal vicinity effect, two different zones have been simulated; the first one in open ocean and the second one in a coastal region, near the Canary islands (Spain) where SMOS and Aquarius CAL/VAL activities are foreseen. The results for both simulation scenarios are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131576160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shige, T. Yamamoto, S. Kida, T. Tsukiyama, T. Kubota, K. Okamoto
{"title":"On the use of microwave sounder data for high-temporal rainfall maps based on microwave radiometers","authors":"S. Shige, T. Yamamoto, S. Kida, T. Tsukiyama, T. Kubota, K. Okamoto","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579506","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we have been developing rainfall retrievals for the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) based on the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) microwave radiometer algorithm to produce microwave-based rain maps at high-temporal resolution. The GSMaP-retrieved rainfall from the AMSU is compared to NOAA standard algorithm retrieved data using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data as the reference.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121413996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the correlation of area-extensive measurement of fractional area whitecap coverage with microwave brightness temperatures","authors":"J. Bobak, W. Asher, D. J. Dowgiallo, M. Anguelova","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579493","url":null,"abstract":"On August 21, 2007, while mounted in a U.S. Navy P3 aircraft, the Naval Research Laboratorypsilas Airborne Polarimetric Microwave Imaging Radiometer (APMIR) and the University of Washingtonpsilas FoamCam recorded microwave and video images of the sea surface in the Gulf of Mexico as a function of distance from the eye of Hurricane Dean. From a working altitude of 6.1 km, the FoamCam sea surface optical imagery determined sea state, including presence of whitecaps, while APMIR measured the ocean surface brightness temperature at bands from 6.6 GHz to 37 GHz. The specific brightness temperatures measured were 6.6 VH, 6.8 VH, 7.2 VH, 10.7 V and full polarimetric data at 19.35 and 37 GHz. Collocated nearly cotemporaneous data from both SSM/I and WindSat satellite radiometer overpasses were available, as were oceanographic and meteorological data from National Buoy Data Center buoys. As an initial result from the analysis of these datasets, this paper provides a comparison of the APMIR-measured brightness temperatures with those measured by SSM/I and WindSat. The APMIR data and the surface video imagery is also used to investigate the relationship between linearly polarized microwave brightness temperatures and whitecap coverage. Future analysis directions for this data are discussed at the end of the paper.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123284170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perturbative solution for the scattering from multilayered structure with rough boundaries","authors":"Pasquale Imperatore, A. Iodice, D. Riccio","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579482","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to investigate analytically the fully polarimetric electromagnetic wave scattering and emission from a three-dimensional layered structure with N-rough interfaces in the framework of SPM method. Assuming that deviations and slopes - with respect to the reference mean plane - exhibited by rough interfaces are small enough, we firstly perform a perturbative expansion of the fields in the rough-interfaces layered structure, following the classical scheme employed to deal with a rough surface. Subsequently, by using effectively the concept of generalized reflection/transmission coefficients, the unknown expansion coefficients of scattered wave propagating upward in the upper half-space are derived via a recursive method. This approach can be also applied to the evaluation of the second-order contribution, opening the way to the accurate calculation of thermal emission from complex layered structure.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117001844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Grankov, S. Golovachev, V. Krapivin, A.A. Mil`shin, A. Shutko
{"title":"Studies of the midlatitude and diagnosis of the tropical hurricanes beginning with the methods of passive microwave radiometry","authors":"A. Grankov, S. Golovachev, V. Krapivin, A.A. Mil`shin, A. Shutko","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579487","url":null,"abstract":"The satellite microwave (MCW) radiometric methods serve as the important tool of analysis of the affecting on energetic processes in ocean-atmosphere system such its oceanographic and meteorological parameters as the water surface temperature, wind speed, total water vapor content of the atmosphere, integral content of liquid water in clouds, intensity of precipitations as well as the vertical turbulent fluxes of heat, water and impulse which are important in studies of cyclonic areas of the ocean. A knowledge of these parameters lets us to solve the tasks related to premises of the tropical hurricane appearance and their beginning as well as the mid latitude cyclones dynamics.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121826936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Santi, M. Brogioni, G. Macelloni, S. Paloscia, P. Pampaloni, S. Pettinato
{"title":"A simple technique to improve the AMSR-E spatial resolution at C-band","authors":"E. Santi, M. Brogioni, G. Macelloni, S. Paloscia, P. Pampaloni, S. Pettinato","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579458","url":null,"abstract":"A simple method for improving the spatial resolution of the spaceborne microwave radiometer AMSR-E was proposed, based on the smoothing filter-based intensity modulation technique (SFIM), which is usually applied so as to enhance the Landsat Thematic Mapper resolution. This method was validated on two test areas characterized by the presence of relatively homogeneous vegetation, with rivers, open waters, urban, and coastlines, namely the Amazon River basin and the Victoria Lake in Africa. Finally, a test on northern Italy was carried out in order to improve the spatial resolution of soil moisture maps obtained at C-band.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130759819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microwave characteristics of organized mesoscale convection over the ocean","authors":"L. Mitnik, M. Mitnik","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579456","url":null,"abstract":"Fields of AMSR-E brightness temperatures TBs of organized mesoscale convection over the ocean are analyzed together with MODIS visible images, Envisat ASAR images and QuikSCAT-derived wind fields. Cloud liquid water content Q and water vapor content V are estimated for the areas with mesoscale convection and for individual large cells. Models describing distribution of wind speed and direction, water vapor and cloud water in convective rolls, open and closed cells were suggested to simulate TBs and imprints of convective cells on SAR images. Computed passive microwave and radar pattern are in a good agreement with satellite measurements and can be used for retrieval algorithm advancement, estimation of effects of spatial smoothing, etc.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126624232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Cucini, G. Macelloni, F. Mariottini, P. Pampaloni, C. Riminesi, A. Toccafondi
{"title":"Development of a microstrip array antenna for L-band radiometer","authors":"A. Cucini, G. Macelloni, F. Mariottini, P. Pampaloni, C. Riminesi, A. Toccafondi","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579481","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design, realization and measurement of a planar low-profile microstrip array antenna for aircraft remote-sensing applications, operating in the dedicated L-band (1.400 - 1.427 GHz) for passive radiometry. Design strategies, manufacturing solutions and measured results are provided.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126813993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"L-band radiometry and reflection of the galaxy by a rough ocean surface","authors":"E. Dinnat, D. L. Le Vine, S. Abraham","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579494","url":null,"abstract":"The celestial sky brightness temperature reflected by the ocean surface toward an L-band radiometer induces a signal that needs to be known in order to retrieve sea surface salinity. To provide an accurate correction, the effects of the surface roughness and the antenna gain pattern need to be included. We assess the impact of these effects on the reflected sky signal using the Aquarius radiometer as an example.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Westwater, D. Cimini, V. Mattioli, A. Gasiewski, M. Klein, V. Leuski, D. Turner
{"title":"Deployments of microwave and millimeterwave radiometers in the Arctic","authors":"E. Westwater, D. Cimini, V. Mattioli, A. Gasiewski, M. Klein, V. Leuski, D. Turner","doi":"10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRAD.2008.4579483","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of water vapor and cloud liquid during very cold (-20 to -40 Deg. C) and dry (precipitable water vapor < 5 mm) conditions is a very important, but difficult task. Starting in 1999, three radiometric experiments were conducted at the U. S. Department of Energypsilas Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Programpsilas North Slope of Alaska (NSA) field site near Barrow, Alaska. Principal results from the first two experiments are summarized. Most recently, the Radiative Heating in Underexplored Bands Campaign (RHUBC) was conducted in February-March 2007. The millimeter- and submillimeter-wave channels of the ground-based scanning radiometer (GSR) are very sensitive to low water vapor and cloud contents and allow for accurate observations in the extremely dry and cold conditions typical of the Arctic. Moreover, window channels (e.g., at 90 and 340 GHz, both with horizontal and vertical polarizations) show a high sensitivity to Artic clouds over an extended range of liquid water path (LWP). For RHUBC, during conditions when the precipitable water vapor (PWV) was less than 2 mm, these radiometers were supplemented by frequent Vaisala RS92 radiosonde observations at the ARM site. In this paper, representative PWV and LWP retrievals from the GSR and several ARM instruments are compared. Based on comparisons with 87 RS92 RAOB launches, GSR PWV retrievals achieved almost unprecedented accuracy of 0.1 mm, or about 6 % of the mean PWV during the operating period.","PeriodicalId":193521,"journal":{"name":"2008 Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122093294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}