Nutrition and metabolism最新文献

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"Post-coronary" rehabilitation, body composition, and recurrent infarction. An analysis of data from the Ontario Exercise-Heart Collaborative Study. “冠状动脉后”康复、身体成分和复发性梗死。对安大略省运动-心脏合作研究数据的分析。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176356
R. Shephard
{"title":"\"Post-coronary\" rehabilitation, body composition, and recurrent infarction. An analysis of data from the Ontario Exercise-Heart Collaborative Study.","authors":"R. Shephard","doi":"10.1159/000176356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176356","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in body composition have been studied in patients with ischemic heart disease over a 2-year period, commencing 3--12 months after a well-documented myocardial infarction. Findings have been related to diet, the exercise undertaken (random allocation of volunteers to high intensity and low intensity exercise programmes) and the recurrence of myocardial infarcation. When first recruited, subjects were not much more obese than other middle-aged men. In contrast with experience in the \"healthy\" middle-aged exerciser, compliance of postcoronary patients with the required regimen was uninfluenced by body build. Over the 2 years of observation, both high and low intensity exercise groups showed small losses of fat and gains of lean mass. It is suggested that these changes reflect responses to dietary regulation and an increase of physical activity rather than a specific effect of the prescribed effort; the potential advantage of the high intensity exercise programme was lost through a larger food intake. Patients who sustained a recurrence of their infarction had an average percentage of body fat, but a low excess weight and lean mass; although isometric exercise is not frequently implicated in the recurrence of an infarction, the development of muscle mass might be advantageous to patients who must continue to work in occupations that demand sustained isometric muscular activity.","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"278 1","pages":"383-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76791324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
[Effects of propionic acid metabolic precursors in biotin-deprived rats]. [生物素剥夺大鼠丙酸代谢前体的影响]。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01
B Cherruau, M Mangeot, J F Demelier, C Charpentier, C Pelletier, A Lemonnier
{"title":"[Effects of propionic acid metabolic precursors in biotin-deprived rats].","authors":"B Cherruau,&nbsp;M Mangeot,&nbsp;J F Demelier,&nbsp;C Charpentier,&nbsp;C Pelletier,&nbsp;A Lemonnier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biotin deficiency induced in the rat, with a biotin-deficient diet but with added avidin involves clinical symptoms of deficiency as well as an important drop (80%) in propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity in the liver, heart and kidneys. But major biochemical anomalies (ketoacidosis and increased urinary elimination of propionic acid), characteristic of propionic acidaemia due to propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency in man, are not observed in the rat. Nevertheless, abnormal urinary elimination of methylcitrate and tiglylglycine reflects an appreciable decrease in the metabolism of propionyl-CoA in these animals. The propionyl-CoA load caused by the administration of metabolic precursors of this substance, mainly L-isoleucine, does not induce important biochemical variations except for excretion of propionylglycine.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 6","pages":"367-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18235096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. V. The fatty acid composition of brain lipids at birth. 妊娠中期至3月龄期间暴露于不同膳食脂肪的豚鼠的体脂。五、出生时脑脂质的脂肪酸组成。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176354
D E Pavey, E M Widdowson
{"title":"Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. V. The fatty acid composition of brain lipids at birth.","authors":"D E Pavey,&nbsp;E M Widdowson","doi":"10.1159/000176354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnant guinea pigs were fed on one of three diets: a commercial low-fat diet or a high-fat diet containing either maize oil or beef dripping. The young were killed at birth, the brain removed and dissected into three regions; the cerebellum, cerebrum and stem. The fatty acid composition of the major phospholipid classes, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine was determined using gas chromatography. Compared with those fed the commercial or beef dripping diet the brain of the young of mothers fed maize oil during pregnancy had an increased percentage of linoleic acid and of its long-chain derivatives arachidonic acid and docosapentaenoic acid and a lower percentage of docosahexaenoic acid. These changes occurred in both lipid classes and in all regions of the brain. The results demonstrate that the fatty acid composition of the brain lipids of newborn guinea pigs can be influenced by the nature of the maternal dietary fat consumed during the last weeks of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 6","pages":"357-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18235095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Favourable influences of linoleic acid on the progression of diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy. 亚油酸对糖尿病微血管和大血管病变进展的有利影响。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176375
A J Houtsmuller, J van Hal-Ferwerda, K J Zahn, H E Henkes
{"title":"Favourable influences of linoleic acid on the progression of diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy.","authors":"A J Houtsmuller,&nbsp;J van Hal-Ferwerda,&nbsp;K J Zahn,&nbsp;H E Henkes","doi":"10.1159/000176375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176375","url":null,"abstract":"A long-term study of two diets on the progression of diabetic retinopathy was performed on 102 patients. Diet 1 was composed of carbohydrates 50 cal%, saturated fats 35 cal%, proteins 15 cal%; diet 2,","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 Suppl 1 ","pages":"105-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18461752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
High and low high-density lipoproteins: clinical implications. 高、低高密度脂蛋白:临床意义。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176369
P Avogaro, G Cazzolato, G Bittolo Bon, G G Quinci
{"title":"High and low high-density lipoproteins: clinical implications.","authors":"P Avogaro,&nbsp;G Cazzolato,&nbsp;G Bittolo Bon,&nbsp;G G Quinci","doi":"10.1159/000176369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are macromolecular complexes of lipids and proteins which float in the ultracentrifuge between densities of 1.063 and 1.21 g/l. A major division of HDL into two subclasses according to their specific density as been proposed: HDL2 (d = 1.063-1.125) and HDL3 (d = 1.125-1.21). The division is supported by the different proportions of lipids and apoproteins in the two subclasses and by evidence suggesting that the protective effect of HDL lies mostly in the HDL2 subclasses. Recent epidemiological, experimental and clinical data have supported a probable role or HDL as an anti-risk factor due to their negative correlation with the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease. Some of these data are presented and discussed in this paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 Suppl 1 ","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18464681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Dietary effects on blood pressure. 饮食对血压的影响。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176371
S Heyden, C G Hames
{"title":"Dietary effects on blood pressure.","authors":"S Heyden,&nbsp;C G Hames","doi":"10.1159/000176371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low density potassium intake, particularly among black hypertensive patients, appears to contribute significantly to this disease and its major sequellae. The high sodium intake of industrialized societies and the epidemic prevalence of hypertension must be considered in the light of a relatively greater urinary potassium excretion as compared to a low-sodium diet with a lower urinary potassium excretion. There is no reason to assume that weight reduction per se is the major contributor to lowering of elevated blood pressure levels although claims to this effect have been made. In general, a high-caloric diet is loaded with sodium while a low-energy diet has a drastically reduced sodium content. The hypothesis that a higher dietary linoleic acid intake via increased prostaglandin synthesis may lead to natriuresis and a drop in blood pressure levels is an interesting development which needs more testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 Suppl 1 ","pages":"50-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18464683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Na+,K+-ATPase in developing rat brain during undernutrition. Na+,K+- atp酶在营养不良大鼠脑发育中的作用。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176331
O P Mishra, R Shankar
{"title":"Na+,K+-ATPase in developing rat brain during undernutrition.","authors":"O P Mishra,&nbsp;R Shankar","doi":"10.1159/000176331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176331","url":null,"abstract":"Na+,K+-ATPase was studied in developing rat brain during undernutrition. The activity of Na+,K+-ATPase was significantly lower in animals that were undernourished from 6 to 17 days after birth than in well-nourished controls. The decreased activity of the enzyme was partially recovered after 4 weeks of rehabilitation. No change in the cation contents of brain following undernutrition was observed. The decrease in Na+,K4-ATPase activity was possibly due to the reduction in cholesterol contents and could be responsible for the observed functional changes associated with malnutrition or undernutrition during development.","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 2","pages":"114-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17317447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Uptake and cellular degradation of low-density lipoprotein. 低密度脂蛋白的摄取和细胞降解。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176366
G R Thompson
{"title":"Uptake and cellular degradation of low-density lipoprotein.","authors":"G R Thompson","doi":"10.1159/000176366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro data suggest that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is bound to specific receptors located in pits on the surface of fibroblasts by a high-affinity process and subsequently undergoes catabolism in lysosomes. This binding seems to be mediated by ionic interaction between LDL and its receptor, the latter being totally or partially absent from the fibroblasts of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). In vivo data suggest that LDL is also catabolised by a concentration-dependent, low-affinity pathway which is probably mainly located in the liver. LDL catabolism is reduced in FH and after saturated fat feeding, whereas polyunsaturated fat has the reverse effect. Hypocatabolism of LDL alters LDL composition, accelerates atherosclerosis and may lead to premature death from coronary heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 Suppl 1 ","pages":"12-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17319496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effects of undernutrition on nucleic acid synthesis in neuronal and glial cells from different regions of developing rat brain. 营养不良对发育中的大鼠脑不同区域神经元和胶质细胞核酸合成的影响。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000176341
A M Giuffrida, A Hamberger, I Serra, E Geremia
{"title":"Effects of undernutrition on nucleic acid synthesis in neuronal and glial cells from different regions of developing rat brain.","authors":"A M Giuffrida,&nbsp;A Hamberger,&nbsp;I Serra,&nbsp;E Geremia","doi":"10.1159/000176341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000176341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rats were undernourished by being given half their normal diet from the 10th day of pregnancy, 10-, 15- and 30-day-old rats were studied. Incorporation of labelled precursors into brain DNA and RNA was carried out in vitro with slices from cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. Neuronal and glial cells were subsequently isolated and analyzed for specific radioactivity. The proliferation and differentiation of all brain cells were affected by undernutrition. Glial cells in particular and the small neuronal cells appeared most vulnerable probably because of their intense postnatal development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 3","pages":"189-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000176341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17226641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in uremia. Influence of treatment with protein-reduced diet and essential amino acids. 尿毒症中的脂质和碳水化合物代谢。减蛋白饮食和必需氨基酸治疗的影响。
Nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 1980-01-01
P O Attman, A Gustafson
{"title":"Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in uremia. Influence of treatment with protein-reduced diet and essential amino acids.","authors":"P O Attman,&nbsp;A Gustafson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of low protein diet on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in uremia were investigated in 22 patients treated during a period of 3--18 months (mean 9.5 months). Before treatment, the patients showed elevated serum triglycerides, low alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced glucose elimination rate. There were no major changes in mean serum lipid or carbohydrate metabolism variables during treatment. The arachidonic acid content of lecithin decreased while linoleic acid increased during treatment. While the dietary treatment was effective in ameliorating uremic symptoms, it did evidently not influence the deranged lipid/carbohydrate metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19333,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and metabolism","volume":"24 4","pages":"261-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18051517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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