Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations最新文献

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Government-Funded Development of Innovative Physical Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Production in Rural Germany through a University–Business Alliance Formation 政府资助的创新物理技术的发展,通过大学-企业联盟形成可持续农业和粮食生产在德国农村
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010006
L. Garbe, S. Glass, Florian Wald, Andrea Hellmann, K. Weltmann, Hans Sawade, Fabien Schultz
{"title":"Government-Funded Development of Innovative Physical Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Production in Rural Germany through a University–Business Alliance Formation","authors":"L. Garbe, S. Glass, Florian Wald, Andrea Hellmann, K. Weltmann, Hans Sawade, Fabien Schultz","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010006","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The alliance project “Physics for Food” aims to invent new physical technologies for sustainable agriculture and food production in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, an agrarian region in northern Germany. This article may serve as an example of good practice for regional collaboration and funding acquisition between academia and the industry, especially SMEs, that may be replicated in other rural contexts. Approach: The project consortium consists of a triple-helix setting of scientists from university and research institutes as well as technology suppliers, seed producers, and farmers. The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) funds the project in a special program called “WIR!” that addresses innovation and structural transformation of lagging regions in Germany. Findings: The program encourages development of regional innovation concepts and supports confederations that cross disciplinary, industrial, institutional, and administrative boundaries and thrive on civic involvement. Today already, there is huge potential and an increasing demand for the development and the supply of novel non-chemical alternatives in plant and storage protection in agriculture and food production. Originality: The project aims to lay the foundation for startup companies based in the region to act as innovative technology providers and to create jobs in the region while making the new technologies available nationally and internationally. The application of physical methods will decrease costs, conserve resources, and eventually contribute to protecting the environment.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88041385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unraveling the Determinants of Platform Economy Adoption in Developing Countries: An Extended Application of the UTAUT2 Model with a Privacy Calculus Perspective 揭示发展中国家平台经济采用的决定因素:隐私微积分视角下UTAUT2模型的扩展应用
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010005
Mounir Dahmani, A. B. Youssef
{"title":"Unraveling the Determinants of Platform Economy Adoption in Developing Countries: An Extended Application of the UTAUT2 Model with a Privacy Calculus Perspective","authors":"Mounir Dahmani, A. B. Youssef","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010005","url":null,"abstract":"The platform economy has emerged as a transformative force in various industries, reshaping consumer behavior and the way businesses operate in the digital age. Understanding the factors that influence the adoption of these platforms is essential for their continued development and widespread use. This study examines the determinants of economic platform adoption in Tunisia by extending the widely used unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) model with a privacy calculus model. By applying the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique, the research provides significant insight. The results highlight the critical influence of factors such as performance expectancy, habit formation, trust in technology, perceived risk, privacy concerns, and price value on users’ behavioral intentions and actual usage of the platforms. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics surrounding the adoption of the platform economy in developing countries and offer valuable insight for stakeholders. By leveraging this knowledge, stakeholders can foster an inclusive digital ecosystem, drive economic growth, and create an environment conducive to the widespread adoption and use of the platform economy in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85634475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Critical Factors Influencing Classroom Participation in Online Learning 影响在线学习课堂参与的关键因素
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010004
Nino Samnidze, I. Didmanidze, Medea Diasamidze, Diana Akhvlediani, N. Kirvalidze
{"title":"Critical Factors Influencing Classroom Participation in Online Learning","authors":"Nino Samnidze, I. Didmanidze, Medea Diasamidze, Diana Akhvlediani, N. Kirvalidze","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010004","url":null,"abstract":"Efficiency and engagement are considered to be the most critical components of teaching and learning. Teachers have always strived to maximize student involvement and quality participation with the help of various teaching techniques and strategies. The purpose of this study was to explore the ongoing online learning process in language classes and find out ways to enhance student engagement in the process. Research methods: a questionnaire survey and observation were used to determine students’ attitudes, expectations, and the level of involvement in online learning at Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University. The findings reveal the need to enhance student motivation. The research demonstrates that setting various authentic and interactive tasks with meaningful aims can significantly improve student focus. Additionally, incorporating social and emotional activities and providing teacher support and encouragement can facilitate student interaction and trigger an interest in lifelong learning.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82033151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Innovative Promotion Technologies: Brand Management in the Digital Environment 创新推广技术:数字环境下的品牌管理
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010003
Marina Ianenko, M. Ianenko, Ekaterina Vladimirovna Shevchuk
{"title":"Innovative Promotion Technologies: Brand Management in the Digital Environment","authors":"Marina Ianenko, M. Ianenko, Ekaterina Vladimirovna Shevchuk","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010003","url":null,"abstract":"As innovative technologies spread, the role of means of interaction with customers in the digital environment is growing. Virtual reality technologies are becoming one of the most promising tools for significantly expanding customer interaction in the context of digital transformation. The purpose of this article is to analyze the brand strategies of the leading companies and show the possibilities of using virtual reality technology and the concept of the metaverse for brand formation and promotion. We also aim to assess the prospects and formulate recommendations on the use of the digital environment in brand management strategies. To achieve the set goal, several tasks were completed. The authors analyzed the experience of using the digital environment for interacting with customers and studied the influence of VR, AR, MR, and XR technologies on brand management. Additionally, the possibilities of using the metaverse concept for brand management was defined. In this work, general scientific theoretical and empirical research methods were applied. The study furthers the theoretical foundations of brand management in the digital environment via innovative branding technologies that support an increase in the competitive performance of companies.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77884562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Analysis of Maintenance Techniques for a Three-Dimensional Digital Twin-Based Railway Facility with Tunnels 三维数字双基隧道铁路设施维修技术分析
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2023-01-28 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010002
Min-kyeong Kim, Dong-Hwan Hwang, Duckshin Park
{"title":"Analysis of Maintenance Techniques for a Three-Dimensional Digital Twin-Based Railway Facility with Tunnels","authors":"Min-kyeong Kim, Dong-Hwan Hwang, Duckshin Park","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010002","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with the paradigm of the 4th and Industrial Revolution, the introduction of building information modeling is expected in all areas related to railroad construction, operation and management, along with the establishment of a metaverse platform that combines big data, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence. The performance of tasks related to the safety and maintenance of railway facilities is aided by the use of digital systems free from physical and temporal constraints. Three-dimensional (3D) modeling and other 4th industrial technologies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR), are increasingly implemented in many types of infrastructure. With respect to railroads, the use of these methods to monitor tunnel spaces has been hindered by the limitations of modeling with UAV and inadequate Global Positioning System reception. Here, we conducted the domestic application of 4th industrial technologies to a railway tunnel; we addressed these problems using a BLK360, a fixed LiDAR device that combines two-dimensional panoramic images and a 3D point cloud method. The outcomes of this research will benefit railway operation managers by providing a platform combining a two-dimensional panoramic virtual reality (VR) image and a 3D model developed from a 3D scan framework for the maintenance of existing railway facilities (tunnels). Our approach was optimized for the maintenance and operational management of railroad facilities, as demonstrated for tunnels, because it continuously acquires time-series data that is appropriate for the maintenance of the corresponding space. In the future, this approach can be used for test tracks and operational lines.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88509069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Introducing Platforms: A Transdisciplinary Journal on Platform Management, Services and Policy and All Related Research 平台简介:一本关于平台管理、服务与政策及所有相关研究的跨学科期刊
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/platforms1010001
Adel Ben Youssef
{"title":"Introducing Platforms: A Transdisciplinary Journal on Platform Management, Services and Policy and All Related Research","authors":"Adel Ben Youssef","doi":"10.3390/platforms1010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/platforms1010001","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of the platform is one of the three iconic events of the “digital revolution” [...]","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88976418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract B123: Local treatment with PeptiCRAd-1, a novel cancer immunotherapy approach, mediates a systemic antitumour CD8+ T-cell response and infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells into distant untreated tumors in a clinically relevant humanized mouse melanoma model 摘要:在临床相关的人源化小鼠黑色素瘤模型中,局部治疗PeptiCRAd-1介导了系统性抗肿瘤CD8+ t细胞反应以及CD8+和CD4+ t细胞向远处未治疗肿瘤的浸润
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B123
Erkko Ylösmäki, T. Ranki, P. Priha, C. Backman, M. Vaughn, V. Cerullo, S. Pesonen
{"title":"Abstract B123: Local treatment with PeptiCRAd-1, a novel cancer immunotherapy approach, mediates a systemic antitumour CD8+ T-cell response and infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells into distant untreated tumors in a clinically relevant humanized mouse melanoma model","authors":"Erkko Ylösmäki, T. Ranki, P. Priha, C. Backman, M. Vaughn, V. Cerullo, S. Pesonen","doi":"10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B123","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple oncolytic viruses (OV) are currently in clinical development as cancer immunotherapy candidates, due to their high immunogenicity and immune activation capacity. However, only anecdotal clinical evidence for OV-mediated tumor-specific immune responses exists. Peptide vaccines are highly tumor-specific, but the low immunogenicity and lack of CD8+ T-cell responses limit the clinical utility of this class of cancer immunotherapy. We have developed a unique cancer immunotherapy platform, PeptiCRAd™, which utilizes a highly immunogenic genetically engineered oncolytic adenovirus to deliver tumor-specific peptides to the immune system. This creates robust Th1 biased cellular immune responses against multiple tumor-specific targets simultaneously. This study compares the immune activation characteristics of intratumorally administered PeptiCRAd-1 to intratumoral OV treatment and standard intradermal peptide vaccination in a humanized mouse melanoma model. PeptiCRAd™ is an immunotherapy platform where multiple tumor-specific peptides are adsorbed onto the negatively charged capsid of genetically engineered oncolytic adenovirus via electrostatic interactions. Our lead clinical candidate PeptiCRAd-1 is based on a state-of-the-art oncolytic adenovirus coding for human CD40L and OX40L transgenes, coated with poly-lysine extended NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A3 peptides. NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull immunodeficient mice were humanized using hematopoietic stem cells (CD34+, HLA-B35+) isolated from human cord blood. A375 melanoma tumors were implanted subcutaneously and treated either with PeptiCRAd-1 or the naked virus. Peptide vaccines were given intradermally with Poly-IC as an adjuvant. Secondary tumors were implanted into the contralateral flank two days after the treatments were stopped. No treatments for secondary tumors were given. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tumor infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes (TILs) were analyzed for NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A3 specific CD8+ T-cells by flow cytometry with dextramer analysis. Different immune cell subsets among PBMCs and TILs were assessed. All active treatments increased the number of immune cells in primary tumors in comparison to mock treated animals. Both OV and PeptiCRAd-1 treated animals showed more T-cells (CD3, CD4, CD8) in primary tumors in comparison to peptide vaccine or mock treated animals post treatment. Furthermore, the number of T regulatory cells (CD3+/CD4+/FoxP3+) was smaller in OV and PeptiCRAd-1 treated primary tumors in comparison to primary tumors from peptide vaccine or mock treated animals. This suggests that intratumorally administered immunogenic adenovirus (either naked virus or PeptiCRAd-1) modulates the tumor microenvironment by reducing local immune-suppression. Unlike OV treated animals, PeptiCRAd-1 treated animals showed more CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in untreated secondary tumors than in treated primary tumors, suggesting that tumor-targeting via peptide-coating of the virus was critic","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75437762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract B122: Development of a new immunotherapy treatment for glioblastoma multiforme B122:多形性胶质母细胞瘤新免疫疗法的研究进展
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B122
J. Pearson, L. Durrant, Victoria A Brentville, G. Pockley, S. McArdle
{"title":"Abstract B122: Development of a new immunotherapy treatment for glioblastoma multiforme","authors":"J. Pearson, L. Durrant, Victoria A Brentville, G. Pockley, S. McArdle","doi":"10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B122","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently occurring primary brain tumor; it is a debilitating disease that is associated with poor prognosis, short median patient survival and a limited response to current therapies. As a result, there is a dire need for novel therapeutic interventions that are curative, or at the very least extend patient survival. Immunotherapy is an attractive option for the treatment of GBM due to its high specificity and minimal systemic toxicity. Peripherally activated immune cells have been shown to efficiently penetrate the brain parenchyma and access intracranial tumors, overcoming the blood-brain barrier, which hinders many molecularly targeted therapies. Two antigens, TRP-2 and WT-1, were found to be significantly expressed in GBM tissue sections while being absent from the normal brain. Peptide sequences known to be immunogenic were chosen from both TRP-2 and WT-1 antigens. The DNA sequences corresponding to these peptide sequences were then inserted into the complementarity determining regions of a DNA plasmid encoding an antibody known as ImmunoBody®; this vaccine has been shown to generate a higher avidity response than both peptide and peptide-pulsed dendritic cell vaccinations. As a result of the highly promising preclinical results shown, the ImmunoBody® vaccination is currently being studied in a phase I/II clinical trial for melanoma. As a result the ImmunoBody® DNA vaccine has been selected as our method of vaccination. Syngeneic C57BL/6 mice and humanized C57BL/6 HHDII/DR1 mice were used to assess the TRP-2 and WT-1 directed ImmunoBody® vaccines. Mice were vaccinated biolistically with the ImmmunoBody® plasmid coated onto gold particles using a gene gun. An initial priming dose was given on day 0 followed by a boost on days 7 and 14. Mice were vaccinated with either a TRP-2-ImmunoBody®, a WT-1-ImmunoBody® or a combination of the two. The immune response generated was determined by ex vivo IFN-γ ELISpot using splenocytes derived from the spleen of immunized animals. Results from these dual vaccination experiments reveal that it is possible to use both of these vaccines in tandem without losing the specificity towards each vaccine-containing peptide. High level of peptide-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells were detected directly ex vivo and the ability of these IFN-γ-releasing cells to recognize targeT-cells that naturally express the WT-1 and TRP-2 antigens is being investigated. The efficacy of TRP-2-ImmunoBody® with or without PD-1 at treating syngeneic orthotopic GL-261Luc2 tumors implanted in C57BL/6 mice is also currently being assessed. The combination of the two vaccines will also be assessed in the humanized HHDII/DR1 mice using a humanized B16 cell line that has had murine Beta-2m knocked out and HHDII and HLA-DR1 knocked in. Anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade will also be incorporated into this vaccination regime with the aim of boosting the antitumor immune response. Citation Format: Joshua R. D.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77469403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract B111: Vaccination against TAP downregulation-induced neoantigens to prevent future tumor development in the setting of recurrence or premalignancy 摘要:在复发或恶性前病变的情况下,接种针对TAP下调诱导的新抗原的疫苗可预防未来肿瘤的发展
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B111
G. Hidalgo, B. Schrand, A. Rabasa, A. Levay, T. Gefen, Giri Bhuwan Bhuwan, A. Ferrantella, V. Dudeja, K. Marijt, T. V. Hall, E. Gilboa
{"title":"Abstract B111: Vaccination against TAP downregulation-induced neoantigens to prevent future tumor development in the setting of recurrence or premalignancy","authors":"G. Hidalgo, B. Schrand, A. Rabasa, A. Levay, T. Gefen, Giri Bhuwan Bhuwan, A. Ferrantella, V. Dudeja, K. Marijt, T. V. Hall, E. Gilboa","doi":"10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-B111","url":null,"abstract":"Development of therapeutic strategies to prevent recurrence in cancer patients, or tumor progression in individuals at high risk of developing cancer, has been challenging given the long and often unpredictable time to the emergence of the malignant tumors. Mutation-generated neoantigens represent the most potent antigens to induce antitumor immunity, yet the ability to predict which neoantigens will be expressed in future tumors is at present not an option.To overcome the limitations of targeting mutated neoantigens, we have developed a simple and broadly applicable approach to induce neoantigens in tumor cells in situ by reducing the expression of peptide transporter TAP, whereby a TAP-specific siRNA is targeted to tumor cells in mice by conjugation to a broad-range nucleolin-binding aptamer. Nucleolin, normally expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleolus of all somatic cells, is translocated to the cell surface of most murine and human tumors and hence could serve as an almost universal target to deliver therapeutics to tumors in vivo. Previous results have demonstrated that genetic ablation of TAP not only inhibits the canonical antigen processing pathway but also upregulates alternative pathways presenting new epitopes, essentially neoantigens, that can be recognized by the immune system to elicit effective CD8+ T-cell responses. Such epitopes are shared among all (tumor) cells in which TAP is downregulated, corresponding to the functional equivalent of clonal mutation-generated neoantigens. Our study shows that transiently increasing the neoantigen burden of tumor cells in situ by targeted downregulation of TAP represent a potent way of generating antitumor immunity in the absence of measurable toxicity.Exploiting the ability to induce neoantigens in situ, we are developing a novel vaccination strategy targeting potent neoantigens to control the growth of the future tumors—whereby mice in remission or with premalignant lesions are first vaccinated against TAP downregulation-induced neoantigens, and when or if tumor develops the same antigens are induced in the tumor, termed prorapeutic vaccination (prophylactic + therapeutic). To induce an immune response against TAP downregulation-induced neoantigens, mice were vaccinated with TAP siRNAs that are targeted to DC in situ by conjugation to a short CpG oligonucleotide leading to the downregulation of TAP, expression of neoantigens, as well as activation of the DC, and thereby priming of a potent T-cell response. To induce neoantigens in the future tumors, the TAP siRNA is targeted to the developing tumor lesion by conjugation to the nucleolin (Nucl) aptamer. Both Nucl and CpG targeted siRNA are administered systemically via intraperitoneal injection to reach the disseminated tumor lesions and resident DC present throughout the body. In murine models of recurrence and premalignant disease, prorapeutic vaccination elicited an adaptive and innate antitumor immune response and inhibited tumor growth.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82998592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract IA26: Combination immunotherapy of cancer caused by human papilloma virus 摘要:人乳头瘤病毒致肿瘤的联合免疫治疗
Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-IA26
C. Melief
{"title":"Abstract IA26: Combination immunotherapy of cancer caused by human papilloma virus","authors":"C. Melief","doi":"10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-IA26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.CRICIMTEATIAACR18-IA26","url":null,"abstract":"We have completed a chemo-immunotherapy study in 70 patients with late stage HPV16+ cervical cancer. Three HPV16-SLP vaccine doses, consisting of 13 overlapping peptides covering the amino acid sequence of the oncogenic proteins E6 and E7 of HPV16, were given 2 weeks after the second, third and fourth cycle of standard chemotherapy (carboplatin, AUC 6; paclitaxel 175 mg/ m2). The vaccine was administered subcutaneously as an emulsion in adjuvant Montanide ISA-51. Cohorts of 12 patients were vaccinated with each of 4 dose levels (20, 40, 100 and 300 µg/ per peptide) of 13 overlapping HPV16 synthetic long peptides (HPV16-SLP) together covering the E6 and E7 protein sequence. Two additional cohorts of 6 patients each were vaccinated with the most promising doses of 40 and 100 µg/ peptide. A marked and significant positive correlation was observed between the strength of the vaccine-induced T cell immune response and overall survival. No such correlation was observed between the strength of the T cell response against common recall antigens and survival. In addition a remarkably high proportion of patients survived beyond 2 years after the start of therapy. We also completed a combination study of this vaccine with checkpoint blocker nivolumab (anti-PD-1) in patients with incurable HPV16+ oropharyngeal cancer. Of 22 treated patients, 2 achieved a durable complete clinical response (CR) by resist criteria and 6 a partial response (PR). The overall response rate was 36%, approximately twice that reported for nivolumab as monotherapy in a similar category of patients with oropharyngeal cancer. This combination treatment was associated with robust HPV16 E6/E7-specific T cell responses. Citation Format: Cornelis J.M. Melief. Combination immunotherapy of cancer caused by human papilloma virus [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA26.","PeriodicalId":19329,"journal":{"name":"Novel Vaccine Platforms and Combinations","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89926711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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