{"title":"Lower urinary tract infection in women: diagnosis, management and prevention.","authors":"Lucy Dwyer, Frances Garraghan","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2025.e12466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition in women, causing symptoms that can have a detrimental effect on their everyday life and, for some, can result in hospitalisation, sepsis and death. The treatment of UTIs accounts for a significant proportion of antibiotic prescribing, which contributes to the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance. To try to address both of these issues, strategies for UTI prevention, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment have become national priorities in the UK. This article discusses current evidence-based guidelines on the diagnosis, management and prevention of lower UTI in women with the aim of enhancing nurses' awareness of these guidelines and to inform their practice. Nurses should be mindful that this issue may also affect trans men and non-binary people.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supporting the well-being of nurses working with trauma.","authors":"Lucian Hadrian Milasan","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12457","DOIUrl":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nursing profession has long been associated with exposure to traumatic experiences, including mental health crises, violence, emergencies and death. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic amplified the importance of recognising the effects that working with trauma can have on nurses' physical and psychological well-being, highlighting the urgency of addressing this issue. This article explores the concept of trauma and its various manifestations, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and secondary traumatic stress, which are increasingly prevalent among nurses. It also considers the adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms that may be adopted by nurses, and discusses the effectiveness and limitations of various debriefing interventions. The author emphasises the need for holistic support mechanisms, including ongoing psychological monitoring and tailored interventions to safeguard nurses' well-being. Recommendations for practice include enhancing nurse education on trauma management, improving debriefing practices and fostering organisational responsibility for supporting nurses' mental well-being. These measures are essential to ensure the sustainability of the nursing workforce and the quality of care provided to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the differences between percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and radiologically inserted gastrostomy tubes.","authors":"Joanne Black","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12467","DOIUrl":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrostomy tubes are commonly used in people who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition and require long-term artificial nutrition support but have a functional gastrointestinal tract. They generally provide a safe and effective access route for nutrition, hydration and medicine administration. This article describes the two main types of gastrostomy tubes seen in clinical practice, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes and radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) tubes. The author explores the main differences between these tubes in terms of insertion technique, aftercare, replacement and removal, and outlines associated complications. To ensure patient safety and the delivery of high-quality care, it is essential that nurses involved in the care of patients with a PEG or RIG tube have a comprehensive understanding of these enteral feeding tubes and can recognise, and ideally prevent, potential complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to assess a wound for signs of infection.","authors":"Liam Christopher Stout","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12330","DOIUrl":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and key points: </strong>This 'How to' article provides a systematic and evidenced-based step-by-step approach to assessing a patient's wound for signs of infection. Nurses undertaking this assessment must ensure they have the appropriate knowledge and skills and that they work within the limits of their competence. Where appropriate, the patient and/or their carer should be involved in decision-making regarding the wound and its management. • Assessing a wound for possible infection is a multifaceted and complex area of nursing practice, which involves a holistic assessment of the patient alongside a visual and tactile assessment of the wound. • A person-centred approach to assessment is required, involving the patient in the assessment to determine the history of the wound, the effects on their quality of life and the appropriate management strategy. • Nurses require comprehensive knowledge of the signs and symptoms of wound infection to ensure they instigate appropriate and prompt treatment. REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY: 'How to' articles can help to update your practice and ensure it remains evidence-based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: • How this article might improve your practice when assessing a wound for signs of infection. • How you could use this information to educate nursing students or your colleagues on the appropriate methods for assessing a wound for signs of infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to administer suppositories in adults with constipation.","authors":"Ann Yates","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12352","DOIUrl":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and key points: </strong>Suppositories are used in clinical practice for several purposes, including bowel evacuation and the administration of medicines such as analgesics and antibiotics. A common indication for their use is constipation. This article aims to support nurses to administer suppositories to adults with constipation in a safe, effective and dignified manner. • Suppositories contain lipophilic fats that melt following insertion into the rectum, releasing a medicine into the body for local or systemic absorption. • Different types of suppositories are available to treat constipation and the method of insertion varies slightly according to the type used. • The administration of a suppository for constipation can cause embarrassment and stress for the person, so it is important to take a professional and sensitive approach when performing this procedure. REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY: 'How to' articles can help to update your practice and ensure it remains evidence-based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: • How this article might improve your practice when administering a suppository to an adult with constipation. • How you could use this information to educate nursing students or colleagues about the technique for administering a suppository to an adult with constipation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to assess a patient's chronic pain.","authors":"Martin Galligan","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12361","DOIUrl":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and key points: </strong>Chronic pain is complex and multifactorial, and it can have a significant negative effect on all aspects of a person's daily life such as their physical activity, sleep, mood, ability to work and personal relationships. Given the complex nature of chronic pain, it is essential that nurses are able to undertake a comprehensive pain assessment to fully understand each individual's total pain experience. • A holistic, person-centred approach should be used when assessing someone living with chronic pain. • There is a wide range of pain assessment tools available, and their use varies depending on the practice setting and the type of pain being reported. • It is essential that any assessment captures the individual's experience of their pain. REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY: 'How to' articles can help to update your practice and ensure it remains evidence-based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: • How this article might improve your practice when undertaking an assessment of a patient's chronic pain. • How you could use this information to educate nursing students or your colleagues on the appropriate steps when undertaking an assessment of chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":"43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prescribing metformin for patients with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia or type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Ilhem Berrou","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2025.e12437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metformin hydrochloride is a prescription-only oral medicine that is frequently encountered in clinical practice. It is recommended in most diabetes mellitus guidelines as a first-line treatment option for some people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and most people with type 2 diabetes. Metformin is usually well-tolerated and safe if prescribed appropriately. However, despite its common use, there are several important factors that healthcare practitioners need to consider when intending to prescribe metformin and once it has been initiated. This article discusses the use of metformin in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes, and explores how healthcare practitioners can ensure safe prescribing of this medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to take a wound swab.","authors":"Deborah Chester Bessell","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2025.e12451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and key points: </strong>Wound swabbing is a widespread practice undertaken by nurses and other healthcare professionals in various healthcare environments and involves collecting a sample from the wound surface using a sterile swab. The sample acquired from the wound swab is sent for laboratory analysis to assess the level of bioburden present in a wound and to guide treatment decisions. Before undertaking this procedure, the nurse should perform a structured wound assessment and use their clinical judgement to identify the presence of infection and determine if a wound swab is necessary. This How to article details the procedure for obtaining a wound swab safely. Nurses undertaking this activity must have the knowledge and skills required to do so safely, follow local policy, and must work within their level of competence. • Wound infection is challenging for patients, their families and healthcare professionals, as it can result in delayed wound healing leading to increased hospital admissions and can adversely affect patients' quality of life. • Obtaining and preparing the equipment required to obtain a wound swab, and to cleanse the wound if necessary, prevents excessive exposure of the wound to the environment. • There is ongoing debate regarding the optimal method for obtaining a wound swab sample, therefore nurses should follow local guidelines and policies. • Understanding the clinical objectives of wound swabbing and adhering to the best available evidence on the identification of wound infection can support nurses to confidently make decisions about the need for a wound swab. REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY: 'How to' articles can help to update your practice and ensure it remains evidence based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: • How this article might improve your practice when obtaining a wound swab. • How you could use this information to educate nursing students or colleagues about the indications for, and the appropriate methods for obtaining, a wound swab.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to plan a quality improvement project.","authors":"Davina Calbraith","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2025.e12496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and key points: </strong>Measuring and enhancing the quality of patient care has become a central aspect of healthcare. Quality improvement (QI) can have many purposes, but its overall aim is to enhance patient care in a structured and systematic manner. It is essential that nurses, as part of the healthcare team, understand the importance of QI and their role in QI projects. Nurses who lead QI projects need the knowledge and skills required to do so effectively within their level of competence. • The Model for Improvement based on the Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycle has become a framework of reference for QI. • It is important to allocate sufficient time to the planning stage of a QI project and clearly identify the issues and their root causes, what interventions to test and how to measure success. • Involving stakeholders from the outset, eliciting their views and gaining their support, is a major determinant of success. REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY: 'How to' articles can help to update your practice and ensure it remains evidence-based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: • How this article might improve your skills in planning a QI project. • How you could use this information to educate nursing students or colleagues about the appropriate steps in planning a QI project.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mpox: exploring the nursing role in diagnosis, management and controlling its spread.","authors":"John Patrick Gilmore, David James Field","doi":"10.7748/ns.2025.e12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2025.e12477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is a viral disease that has become a significant global health concern following outbreaks beyond its endemic regions in central and west Africa. In 2022, the World Health Organization declared a 'public health emergency of international concern' (PHEIC) due to a rise in mpox cases, predominantly affecting gay and bisexual men. Although the initial surge of cases had diminished by early 2023, a new PHEIC was declared in 2024 due to a more severe strain of the virus circulating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Healthcare workers, especially nurses, have a critical role in diagnosing, managing and controlling the spread of mpox. This article sets out the factors nurses should consider when caring for patients who present with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of mpox.</p>","PeriodicalId":19327,"journal":{"name":"Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}