Ian MacColl, D. Millard, C. Randell, A. Steed, Barry A. T. Brown, S. Benford, M. Chalmers, R. Dalton, N. Dalton, A. Galani, C. Greenhalgh, D. Michaelides, T. Rodden, Ian Taylor, M. Weal
{"title":"Shared visiting in EQUATOR city","authors":"Ian MacColl, D. Millard, C. Randell, A. Steed, Barry A. T. Brown, S. Benford, M. Chalmers, R. Dalton, N. Dalton, A. Galani, C. Greenhalgh, D. Michaelides, T. Rodden, Ian Taylor, M. Weal","doi":"10.1145/571878.571892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571892","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe an infrastructure and prototype system for sharing of visiting experiences across multiple media. The prototype supports synchronous co-visiting by physical and digital visitors, with digital access via either the World Wide Web or 3-dimensional graphics.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128132469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A theoretical model of social influence for increasing the utility of collaborative virtual environments","authors":"J. Blascovich","doi":"10.1145/571878.571883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571883","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a theoretical model is proposed to account for the incorporation of critical social influence effects appropriate to the design and implementation of collaborative virtual environments. The proposed social influence threshold model provides a framework for both substantive basic and applied research, as well as a way of determining functional specifications for implementing behavioral realism within collaborative virtual environments and testing the social interactive functionality of them.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133092812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cursive:: controlling expressive avatar gesture using pen gesture","authors":"Francesca Barrientos, J. Canny","doi":"10.1145/571878.571896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571896","url":null,"abstract":"We describe an interaction technique for expressive nonverbal communication through an avatar. The input consists of letters written with expressive modulation, by hand, using a pen tablet input device. This technique, which we call Cursive, translates an alphabetic letter into a body gesture. Our design is inspired by the observation that handwriting, like some kinds of human gesture, informs through the symbols it depicts, and through the manner in which the symbols are produced. The technique is especially suited for desktop and portable virtual reality applications--appli¿cations that do not use special rooms or equipment but only two-dimensional displays and simple pointing devices for interaction with the virtual environment. Our system solves the difficult prob¿lem of controlling the movements of a highly articulated, 3D ava¿tar using a common input device within the context of an office or other real world environment.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134233582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collaborative virtual entertainment: (if you can't beat 'em, join 'em?)","authors":"M. Capps","doi":"10.1145/571878.571888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571888","url":null,"abstract":"For years, the research community has tried to convince sponsors of the viability of CVE applications. In that same time, the computer gaming community has rolled out hundreds of \"killer apps\" each year - graphical, networked, social environments.Paying a handful of students to test one's research systems certainly has its charm. Regardless, researchers at the Naval Postgraduate School set out to learn if the computer games community might be leveraged in CVE research. The first such attempt, the Army Game Project, has thus far elicited millions of dollars of funding, hundreds of thousands of test subjects, dozens of television interviews, and zero refereed publications.This talk will present my experiences as a researcher masquerading as a game developer - and as a game developer pretending to be researcher. The evening will conclude with reckless predictions for the future of Collaborative Virtual Environments.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Benford, Mike Fraser, Gail Reynard, B. Koleva, Adam Drozd
{"title":"Staging and evaluating public performances as an approach to CVE research","authors":"S. Benford, Mike Fraser, Gail Reynard, B. Koleva, Adam Drozd","doi":"10.1145/571878.571891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571891","url":null,"abstract":"Staging public performances can be a fruitful approach to CVE research. We describe four experiences: Out of This World, a gameshow; Avatar Farm, a participatory drama; Desert Rain, a mixed reality performance; and Can You See Me Now?, a game that mixed on-line players with players on the streets. For each, we describe how a combination of ethnography, audience feedback and analysis of system logs led to new design insights, especially in the areas of orchestration and making activity available to viewers. We propose enhancing this approach with new tools for manipulating, analysing and sharing 3D recordings of CVEs.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123921756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GroupMorph:: a group collaboration mode approach to shared 3D virtual environments for product design","authors":"J. Linebarger, G. Kessler","doi":"10.1145/571878.571902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571902","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality technology is increasingly being applied to globally distributed teams engaged in collaborative product design. Observations of product design teams have suggested at least four distinct modes of collaboration-complementary, competitive, peer-to-peer, and leader-follower. Another insight from observation is that collaboration consists of fluid transitions between these modes in the accomplishment completion of the design task, driven by a flexible process of subgrouping and regrouping which reflects the structure and progress of the task. Yet most collaborative virtual environment systems support only one mode of collaboration-peer-to-peer-and those that do explicitly support multiple modes (or even individual roles) do not allow fluid transitions between them in the context of the same task. In addition, no explicit support is provided to allow subgroups to be formed and dissolved. To address this problem, a collaborative virtual environment (CVE) for product design that supports multiple collaboration modes and fluid transitions is proposed; two metaphors for collaborative product design (collaboration tree and infinitely recursive conference room) are introduced; the use of a collaboration tree interface widget is detailed; and the Simple Shared Virtual Environment (SSVE) toolkit for collaborative virtual environments is described.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130803407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visibility-based interest management in collaborative virtual environments","authors":"M. Hosseini, S. Pettifer, N. Georganas","doi":"10.1145/571878.571901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/571878.571901","url":null,"abstract":"One of the challenges facing developers of large-scale and content-rich Collaborative Virtual Environments is the lack of bandwidth to support the exchange of information between participants. It is usually not feasible for all participants to receive all the data produced by all other participants. It is therefore necessary to filter out some of such data for every user according to their interest. This paper presents an interest management mechanism based on each user's visibility of others. Its main features include occlusion awareness and visibility-based filtering, no need for a server and renderer-based visibility calculation.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121727181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The virtual round table - a collaborative augmented multi-user environment","authors":"W. Broll, E. Meier, T. Schardt","doi":"10.1145/351006.351011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/351006.351011","url":null,"abstract":"Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. CVE 2000 San Francisco CA USA Copyright ACM 2000 1-58113-303-0/00/09...$5.00 ABSTRACT Existing immersed virtual reality and particularly augmented reality systems are usually based on dedicated and expensive hardware and I/O devices. Nevertheless they often provide limited support for the collaboration between multiple users and can hardly be used for arbitrary location independent application environments. Additionally, navigation and interaction within such virtual environments are not very natural or intuitive, making them difficult to use. This paper will introduce a new collaborative augmented reality environment the Virtual Round Table. This environment is designed to support location-independent mixed reality applications, overcoming the limitations for collaboration and interaction of existing approaches. Moreover it extends the physical workplace of the users into the virtual environment, while preserving traditional verbal and non-verbal communication and cooperation mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115720844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Designing a non-verbal language for expressive avatars","authors":"Benjamin Salem, N. Earle","doi":"10.1145/351006.351019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/351006.351019","url":null,"abstract":"Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) were designed as an expansion of the text-based chat room, rather than a novel application, exploiting the possibilities of online three dimensional graphical space. This initial design direction is observable at the interface level. We put forward the case that to achieve an efficient CVE system, one will have to design and implement a multi modal User Interface based on expressive Avatars as a representation of the different participants, also as an embodiment of software agents. We emphasise the expressiveness of the avatar as a crucial improvement to the efficiency of their communication capabilities, and we describe a vocabulary of expressions to be implemented. We put forward the case that to be more efficient, particularly during a dialogue, an avatar is required to play a role in the communication using non-verbal channels such as body postures, facial expressions and hand gestures. We also suggest conversation circles to facilitate the gathering of participants in a discussion. These circles will address navigation difficulties in CVEs and encourage social exchanges.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129799044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The blue-C (poster session): integrating real humans into a networked immersive environment","authors":"O. Staadt, M. Gross, A. Kunz, M. Meier","doi":"10.1145/351006.351047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/351006.351047","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we report ongoing work in a new project, The Blue-C. The goal of this project is to build a collaborative, immersive virtual environment which will eventually integrate real humans, captured by a set of video cameras. Two Blue-C.s will be interconnected via a high-speed network. This will allow for bi-directional collaboration and interaction between two persons sharing virtual spaces.\u0000The video streams are used for both texture and geometry extraction. We will generate a 3-D light field inlay enriched with the reconstructed geometry, which will be integrated into the virtual environment.\u0000The design and construction of the Blue-C. environment, including both hardware and software, is an interdisciplinary effort with participants from the departments of computer science, architecture, product development, and electrical engineering. Parallel to the development of the core system, we are designing new applications in the areas of computer aided architectural design, product reviewing, and medicine, which will highlight the versatility of the Blue-C.","PeriodicalId":193080,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123928716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}