Regional problems of architecture and urban planning最新文献

{"title":"LITTLE WOMEN IN BIG ARCHITECTURE","authors":"A. A. Chernenko, A. D. Stoianova","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-152-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-152-158","url":null,"abstract":"The history of architecture knows a lot of man’s names. It’s not surprising, even though most of the history of worldly professions was occupied by the people themselves, but women didn’t have the right to take away the space and introduce such contagious places for us, like theaters, musical comedy and other kinds of controversy. The article bears the knowledge of the nature and reveals the role of women in the architecture of the New World, tells about historical turns that redevelop the development in this sphere. A gendered approach is first traced to Jane Jacobs' book The Death and Life of Great American Cities, where she criticizes modernist urban planners for cultivating «male experience» or «male ways of life» while disassociating vital functions of the city. In contrast to men's daily practices, the traditional «women's experience» in public spheres includes a significant share of the private sphere: housekeeping, shopping, raising children, caring for the elderly and the sick. Today, the situation in the world favors gender equality, at least when it comes to choosing professions and positions. At the Faculty of Architecture, more girls are entering universities all over the world. However, the way their career develops afterwards is alarming. It is difficult for a woman to combine her personal life and work as an architect, so few manage to apply the knowledge gained at the university in practice. This is also confirmed by the figures of the Federal Chamber of Architects (Bundesarchitektenkammer): in 2016, the share of female architects in the field of construction and freelance employees was approximately one fifth. Among city planners, the share of women is only nine percent. Since the 20th century, small women have taken a big step in the contribution of world architecture, confidently moving forward according to new world trends.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130554641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF THE ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT OF RECREATION FACILITIES FOR CHILDREN IN THE ODESA REGION","authors":"N. S. Zakharevska, Y. Sniadovskyi","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-114-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-114-124","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of regional problems of architecture and urban planning of Odesa region for recreation of children and youth. Development of the recreational and tourist potential of Odesa region. Analysis of the development of children's recreation camps on the Black Sea and generalization of the material obtained. In the literature on architecture and urban planning, the investigated issues are not sufficiently covered. State Building Regulations, dedicated to the design of recreation and health facilities for children and adolescents, was not developed in Ukraine. The goal of the study - identify the problems and outline the prospects for the development of the architecture of recreational facilities for children and youth in the conditions of the Odesa agglomeration. Mark the recreational resources of the considered territories and ways of their use by architectural and town-planning techniques. Study tasks: - study of domestic and foreign experience in the construction and operation of children's recreation camps; - analysis of the current state of children's recreation camps on the Black Sea coast of Odesa region; - to determine the architectural and urban planning and engineering tasks of solving the identified problems. Conclusion: for recreational and resort use, the Odesa region has such favorable features as: climate (steppe), good aeration, small groves where a recreational zone has historically developed, cultural environment, transport accessibility. In the Odesa region, it is necessary to support the preserved sanatorium-resort facilities, to develop the construction of new boarding houses, holiday homes, hotel chains, multifunctional complexes with various types of services (entertainment, sports, health). Currently, 17 children’s health camps, 3 children's sanatoriums and temporarily organized thematic camps are operating in the Odesa region. The issue of student recreation is under study. Special attention should be paid to the preservation and new construction of recreational facilities for children and youth.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127446839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEW TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF THE MODERN IMAGE OF A MULTISTOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING","authors":"S. Petrovska, Y. A. Glinin, D. Y. Glinin","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-135-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-135-141","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a thematic study of new directions in the design of multistorey residential complexes. The factors affecting the conceptual and design decisions of architects are analyzed. The article provides examples of the most famous multistorey residential complexes built recently in different countries. The most famous building is the residential complex. «Interlacing» in Singapore. The project uses the principle of intersection of individual and public spaces in both horizontal and vertical directions. The author of the project abandoned the traditional vertical development scheme for Singapore, resulting in a unique example of a modern urban approach to housing design and organization of the natural environment. The second considered example of high-rise housing is the «Beirut Terraces» complex. The building is designed as a high-rise «shelf» at different levels of which there are apartments of different terraces that form the main artistic accent of the entire building. The building fits well into the surrounding dense urban development, while demonstrating the achievements of modern building technologies. The third example is the «Vancouver House», a multistorey residential complex with public premises on the first floors. structure, which fits into the so-called “parametrism” style, which has become especially relevant recently. The solution of the main building of the complex is interesting, especially its “anti-gravity” silhouette image. To create it, an internal cable-stayed system with vertically stretched metal cables was used. Multistorey residential buildings successfully solve the problem of compaction of residential development and increase the efficiency of the use of free territories, create economic prerequisites for organizing public spaces in the immediate vicinity of housing, which significantly increases the comfort and prestige of living in these complexes.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123615500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE DESIGN OF MODERN CONCERT BUILDINGS","authors":"I. S. Yaryomenko","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-62-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-62-69","url":null,"abstract":"An important role in the functioning of the city and the formation of its center is played by entertainment facilities with concert and theater halls. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of designing and building concert halls over the past two decades and to identify current trends in functional planning and architectural and compositional solutions for these facilities. Concert halls continue to be an actual type of building, which is confirmed by the construction of many new modern facilities around the world. In the classification of concert facilities, not only specialized and universal concert buildings are distinguished, but also universal entertainment buildings, as well as multi-purpose buildings designed for concerts and other types of spectacles, including sports and leisure events. As the analysis of the design and construction practice of the last two decades shows, the most common are universal concert and universal entertainment buildings. Specialized concert halls are quite rare, and multi-purpose entertainment facilities have not been built in recent years. Among modern concert buildings there are examples of objects with one auditorium and several halls. The predominant part is made up of multi-hall facilities with 2-4 auditoriums. Large halls are equipped with stages, arena stages, less often with portal deep stages with the possibility of raising and lowering scenery, which is typical for complexes with concert and theater halls. Techniques are used to transform the orchestra pit and the floor of the stalls. A characteristic feature of many modern solutions for concert buildings is the presence of additional accompanying groups of premises – exhibition, museum, educational, information, trade, etc.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121316876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF INTERVIEWS WITH UKRAINIAN ARCHITECTS OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES AND COMPLEXES","authors":"E. Dunaevskiy","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-159-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-159-170","url":null,"abstract":"The basis of the article is the material of the author's dissertation research on the topic «The Evolution of the Architecture of Orthodox Churches and Complexes in the Period of Independence of Ukraine.» As the title indicates, the article deals with the results and analysis of interviewing modern sacred architects of Ukraine. The time of Ukraine's independence was selected as the boundaries of the study, since the country, freed from the Soviet anti-religious policy, got a chance to restore and create new Ukrainian principles, traditions and trends of sacred architecture. As part of the research, interviews were conducted with 21 working sacred architects in Ukraine, a questionnaire was prepared with questions to architects that touch on all the main topics from the beginning of a career and the first object to a personal design method and the future of Ukrainian temple construction. A detailed analysis of the results of the survey is presented in the article in the form of two schemes-tables. During the work on the article, for the first time, a list of architects was compiled by region, whose main or partial activity is related to the design and restoration of Orthodox churches and complexes in the territory of Independent Ukraine. As part of the interviews, some of the architects arranged tours of the author's objects during face-to-face meetings; field survey of these objects and photo-fixation were carried out, part of which is presented in the article in Figure 3. As a result of compiling an architectural portrait of each of the architects, the following stylistic principles of modern Orthodox churches and complexes of Independent Ukraine were deduced: direct imitation of classical architectural styles; interpretation of classical architectural styles; renewal of classic styles with modern materials and techniques; complete departure from classic styles; search for a new stylistic model of the Ukrainian temple. The impact of the work of sacred architects on the formation of modern Ukrainian architecture was also determined.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133698634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION AND MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL CULTURAL HERITAGE IN UKRAINE","authors":"A. Kharytonova, T. I. Pishcheva, A. Y. Chernytska","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-144-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-144-151","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the formation and modern development of architectural cultural heritage in Ukraine. Architectural cultural heritage, as a special part of complex protection, is the most important and strategic for the state. The protection of the national architectural and cultural heritage is recognized as one of the priorities of the National Security Strategy of Ukraine. This is a spiritual, humanistic and scientific and practical state task. The purpose of the work is to conduct an analysis of terminological concepts and principles of architectural cultural heritage protection; highlight the main historical aspects and directions of modern conservation methods in Ukraine. List the types of objects of architectural cultural heritage. Conclusions: in the course of work on the analysis of the current state and basic principles of preservation and use of the architectural cultural heritage of Ukraine, it was established that Ukraine and its regions have a huge historical and cultural potential, some of which are unique. and of global importance, which require special attention to protection. Despite the existing regulatory and legal framework, the management of architectural and cultural monuments of Ukraine requires careful control and refinement. In practice, hundreds of cultural heritage sites are subject to construction and demolition. The conceptual and terminological apparatus of heritage territories should be expanded, according to which a historical inhabited place is a city, village or village that has completely or partially preserved its historical area with objects of cultural heritage and the related planning and form of buildings, typical for of certain cultures or periods of development, and included in the list of historical settlements. The modern development of architectural cultural heritage should be based on the European concept of simple protection of buildings and structures - a complex set of measures for study, interpretation and use, which is perceived as the basis in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131604982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPATIAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE VINOGRADAR HOUSING AREA IN KYIV","authors":"N. Antonenko","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-39-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-39-47","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the main spatial and morphological transformations of the Vynogradar housing estate in Kyiv, related to the adaptation of the Soviet urban housing formation to new market conditions after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In Ukraine, due to the rapid destruction caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war has become more acute. An important step for strategic decision-making is to inventory the existing post-Soviet urban heritage and identify those features and acquired characteristics that are valuable in terms of architectural and cultural heritage, planning solutions, comfort and health of the urban environment, ability to flexible transformation and the degree of adaptability to new conditions. This study aims to find the key spatial and morphological transformations of the Vynohradar residential area at the stages of creating a project idea, its implementation and further development. The research is based on the study of archival materials and professional periodicals of the time, descriptions of concepts and design solutions for the restoration of the ideas that were the basis of the project; conducting field research and analysis of the modern urban environment; finding and analyzing qualitative changes and their consequences. The next three stages were found: creation of the project idea, project implementation, and transformation of the object. It was found that, despite the idealistic concept and romanticization of this space by the author, the residential area was able to adapt and continue its development in the new conditions, as evidenced by the development of housing – both individual point houses and entire complexes, as well as an extensive network of trade and services. The functional filling of the residential area with a large number of buildings for public institutions was positively implemented in the times of adaptation and transformation – this gave impetus to the development of the service market in the area. It was determined that the main spatial transformations were related to the housing market and mass trade. Children's spaces lost their dominant influence in the residential area.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130486829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION","authors":"E. Dunaevskiy, A. Lisova, A. Besedina","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-186-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-186-193","url":null,"abstract":"Tools and methods used by architects always had an impact on the way buildings were designed. With the change in design methods and new approaches towards creation process, they became more than ever before crucial elements of the creation process. The automation of architects’ work has started with computational functions that were introduced to traditional computer-aided design tools. While these high-tech computers aren't good enough for some ideas, you'll have to rely on human intelligence. However, they can be used to save a lot of time by completing some time-consuming tasks and we can use that time to create some other designs. The geometry and efficient use of the space, building material amounts, wind patterns, load bearing weights, and even foot traffic are all areas ripe for AI.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114673409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GRAPHIC EDUCATION AS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF THE ARTIST'S CREATIVE PROFESSIONALISM IN ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC PRACTICE","authors":"V. Brednyova","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-227-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-227-233","url":null,"abstract":"The specific tasks of training the future acquirer of creative specialties necessitate the mastery of hands graphics, which contributes to the development of spatial thinking, creative and practical skills, and understanding the specifics of graphic work. All the variety of graphic techniques is the basis of the principles on which the technology of building any images is built, which emphasizes the relevance of research issues in this direction. Graphic education consists of training a student in related disciplines, such as Descriptive Geometry, the Art of Font, Drawing and Painting etc. At the basis of any kind of art is an individual artistic form. Graphics is one of the most effective ways of forming and improving creative skills and the quality of learning in a Higher Educational Institution, including the need for comprehensive development and increasing the individual level of graphic culture, which will allow to significantly expand the scope of practical activities in the future. In this study, the greatest attention is paid to the analysis of methodical approaches to the improvement trends in the teaching of certain important sections of the disciplines «Descriptive Geometry» and «The Art of Font», which allow future specialists to increase their individual competitiveness in modern market conditions. Graphic skill is an important component of our students’ creative professionalism in any kind of art. The purpose of the research is to find and determine effective methods of developing the creative abilities of graphic professional training of first-year students of creative specialties. Our research is related to the Scientific-research work «Improving the organization of the educational process using distance learning methods and the methodology of teaching graphic disciplines for students of construction and architecture-art specialties based on the competence approach», which is conducted at the Department of «Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA) for many recent years.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121497203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QUANTITY AND QUALITY AS CATEGORIES OF URBAN PLANNING","authors":"M. Habrel, M. Habrel","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-12-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-12-24","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamism, instability and poor predictability of today require changes and development of urban methodology, which should cover the entire methodological chain – from clarification of concepts, organization of tasks and information data of objects to methods of analysis, evaluation and justification of decisions, urban planning, project implementation and development management city and territory. Urban planning activity as a set of goals, priorities, restrictions, as well as the multiplicity of goals and criteria, dictates the need for multi-criteria analysis, assessment of spatial organization and justification of decisions. The categories of quantity and quality that are important to this activity are analyzed in time through the interplay of the human – conditions – functions – geometry – time dimensions. The methodology of urbanism in the context of the categories of quantity and quality was elaborated, their content was specified, the theoretical base and information system (characteristics and indicators) of the urban space were organized; practical recommendations, requirements and changes in methods, as well as applied methods of solving specific problems based on the investigated categories are substantiated. It has been confirmed that quantity and quality, although they characterize objects and phenomena from different sides, are closely connected and interdependent. The importance of improving the methodological culture of urbanists — systemic thinking, creative potential, and a set of knowledge, abilities, and skills for performing the functions of professional activity — is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"81 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125378218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}