Nuclear Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Numerical simulation analysis of the impact of cold-cap coverage on energy consumption in a HLLW joule-heating ceramic melter","authors":"Lifeng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Qu ,&nbsp;Zizheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongqing Xu ,&nbsp;Hongmei Xu ,&nbsp;Qingbin Zhao ,&nbsp;Kai Xu ,&nbsp;Jing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology was utilized to conduct a numerical simulation of the Joule-Heating Ceramic Melter (JHCM) employed in vitrification plants in China (VPC), with the aim of evaluating the effects of varying cold-cap coverage on energy consumption and efficiency. The simulation models were developed based on a representative glass formula for high-level liquid waste (HLLW) with elevated sulfur and sodium content, incorporating critical material parameters such as density, specific heat capacity, conversion degree, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and kinematic viscosity. These parameters were essential for accurate predictions of temperature distribution and energy dynamics within the melter. The CFD model results indicate that increasing the cold-cap coverage significantly reduces energy loss by improving system heat retention, thereby decreasing the power input required to sustain operational temperatures. This result highlights the necessity of optimizing cold-cap coverage to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of HLLW vitrification processes. The findings offer valuable guidance for the design and operation of advanced JHCM systems, promoting more sustainable and efficient nuclear waste management approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 10","pages":"Article 103664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plain waterjet cutting for concrete plug dismantling in disposal research tunnel","authors":"Yohan Cha ,&nbsp;Hyun-Joong Hwang ,&nbsp;Jin-Seop Kim ,&nbsp;Tae-Min Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute adopted and applied waterjet technology for the dismantling of a concrete plug using in situ tests of the thermal-hydraulic-mechanical behavior without disrupting or damaging the test specimen in a disposal tunnel. Successfully dismantling the plug through a combination of waterjet pre-cutting and mechanical breakage in an environment demands novel technical solutions. This study evaluated the performance of waterjet technology and its applicability within a disposal tunnel. Under various conditions of waterjet systems, a maximum cutting depth of 180 mm was achieved. An analysis of the measured results indicate that the standoff distance significantly influences the cutting depth. A multilinear regression model considering the key variables of the waterjet was proposed to simulate the crushing of the cut concrete plug, review the cutting path, and verify the technical feasibility of waterjet technology. Environmental assessments resulting from waterjet use in the disposal tunnel show that the noise levels during pump operation and jetting for cutting were 66.4 and 84.1 dB, respectively, satisfying the regulatory standards in Korea. This research holds significance not only as a challenging field application of waterjet technology, but also because of its unique characteristics associated with disposal tunnel utilization. The findings of this study are expected to serve as fundamental data for predicting cutting depth and guiding future on-site applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and beam dynamics of a 400 kW D+ linear accelerator to generate fusion-like neutrons for breeding blanket tests in Korea","authors":"Emre Cosgun ,&nbsp;Yoo-Lim Cheon ,&nbsp;Seok-Ho Moon ,&nbsp;Donghyun Kwak ,&nbsp;Hyun Wook Kim ,&nbsp;Mu-Young Ahn ,&nbsp;Seungyon Cho ,&nbsp;Moses Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, a pre-conceptual design study was conducted in Korea for developing a dedicated linear accelerator (linac) for 400 kW (40 MeV, maximum 10 mA CW) deuteron (D<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>) beams to generate fusion-like neutrons. The accelerated beam hits a solid Beryllium target to produce fusion-like neutrons, which will be utilized for technical feasibility tests of the breeding blanket including tritium production and recovery. In this work, we present detailed start-to-end simulation and machine imperfection studies with proper beam tuning to assess the target beam availability and validate the machine specifications. We have designed a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source and a 4-vane type 176 MHz RFQ by using IBSimu, Parmteq, and Toutatis simulation codes. We propose a super-conducting linac with HWR cavities and solenoid-focusing magnets to accelerate the beam up to 40 MeV. In the HEBT line, we adopt two octupole magnets and subsequent quadrupole magnets to make a rectangular-shaped and uniform density beam with 20 cm <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 20 cm footprint at the target. Extensive beam dynamics studies along the linac have been performed using the TraceWin simulation code.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of effective elastic constants of perforated plates with triangular hole pattern using modal analysis","authors":"Kyeong-Hoon Jeong ,&nbsp;Joo Min Kim ,&nbsp;Kwang-Hyun Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To extract the effective modulus of elasticity and effective Poisson's ratio, the natural frequencies of fully perforated circular plates with a triangular hole pattern are analyzed using FEA software. Finite element analysis models with clamped and simply supported boundary conditions are examined to separate the effective material constants from the flexural rigidity, treating the perforated circular plate as a homogeneous structure with these effective material properties. The results show that the effective modulus of elasticity decreases, as the hole size increases. Meanwhile, the behavior of the effective Poisson's ratio turns out to be more complex: it initially decreases to a negative value and then rises to approximately zero with further increases in hole size. A theoretical method for calculating the natural frequencies of a centrally perforated circular plate is also proposed using the Rayleigh-Ritz method and incorporating the effective material properties. The calculated natural frequencies are validated using FEA results, confirming the accuracy of the effective elastic constants and the proposed theory. The derived effective elastic constants, as a function of ligament efficiency, can be applied to the dynamic analysis of perforated plates in reactor internals, enhancing finite element modeling efficiency and achieving effective seismic analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 10","pages":"Article 103663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ doses for monkey anatomy models with different postures exposed to external photons","authors":"Jae W. Jung ,&nbsp;Daniel D. Lee ,&nbsp;Ae-Kyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Hyung-Do Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding how external radiation from nuclear accidents or radiological attacks affects internal human anatomy is essential to accurately assess health risks and develop effective treatments. we calculated a library of organ dose conversion coefficients for anatomical monkey models in a standing, crawling, and squatting postures for the first time by using Monte Carlo radiation transport methods combined with anatomical monkey models.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We adopted previously published anatomical monkey models with three different postures: crawling, squatting, and standing. Radiation doses to a total of 39 organs and tissues were calculated using a general-purpose Monte Carlo radiation transport code, MCNP6.2, for the photon fields with 33 mono-energy bins ranging from 0.01 to 20 MeV in six different irradiation geometries: antero-posterior (AP), postero-anterior (PA), left lateral (LLAT), right lateral (RLAT), rotational (ROT), and isotropic (ISO).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that the dose conversion coefficients derived from the standing posture may overestimate organ dose by up to 13-fold compared to the crawling position (e.g., large intestine in AP irradiation geometry). Irradiation geometry has the most substantial impact on organ doses in the crawling posture compared to squatting and standing postures. Average coefficients of variation over different organs were 51 % in crawling posture compared to 16 % and 17 % for standing and squatting postures, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the present research, we employed the Monte Carlo radiation transport techniques to develop a library of organ dose conversion coefficients for an anatomical monkey model considering various postures and six distinct irradiation geometries. We found that the existing dose conversion coefficients for the standing posture may substantially overestimate organ doses for monkeys in more natural postures. Our data should be useful for understanding the impact of radiation events to human anatomy by evaluating the impact on monkey's anatomy as a surrogate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic response of a freely rotating butterfly valve in the advanced test reactor – dynamic fluid-body interaction modeling","authors":"Changhu Xing,&nbsp;Carlos E. Estrada Perez,&nbsp;Casey J. Jesse,&nbsp;Lucas D. Zachow","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To regulate primary coolant flow in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR), a butterfly valve was installed between the primary coolant pumps and the reactor core. If the mechanical connection between the valve's disk and its shaft ever fails, the disk will rotate freely. Rapid disk rotation may induce pressure surges that could damage upstream pipes. In the present work, the rotational trajectory and pressure evolution during a disk free-rotation scenario were analyzed via the dynamic fluid-body interaction (DFBI) approach in STAR-CCM+, with the movement of a solid being driven by the forces and moment/torque imposed by its surrounding fluid. Assuming a large initial opening angle, the disk accelerates slowly, but swiftly passes the closed position. As a result of the sudden valve closure, a pressure surge occurs in the upstream pipes, exceeding their maximum allowable pressure. Furthermore, the disk does not stabilize at the closed position but continually oscillates due to the unsteady nature of the coolant flow. Because of the significant and continuous water hammer effect, a fix to the butterfly valve is being implemented to prevent rapid valve closure due to failure at the valve's disk/shaft mechanical connection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid machine learning model with optimization algorithm for predicting the incubation dose of void swelling in irradiated metals","authors":"Van-Thanh Pham,&nbsp;Kyoon-Ho Cha,&nbsp;Jong-Sung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces novel hybrid machine learning (ML) models that integrate six state-of-the-art ML algorithms with the Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm to enhance the prediction of the incubation dose in irradiated metals. A comprehensive database comprising 305 experimental samples with 24 input features is used to develop the models, with hyperparameters optimized through a combination of cross-validation method and HHO. Performance evaluation across various metrics identifies the hybrid model combining HHO and categorical gradient boosting (CGB), named HHO-CGB, as the most accurate and stable for predicting the incubation dose. To gain further insights, the Shapley Additive Explanations method is employed to assess the global and local contributions of input variables, revealing Fe (wt.%), temperature (K), dose rate (dpa/s), and V (wt.%) as the most influential factors. Finally, a user-friendly graphical interface tool and web application are developed based on the HHO-CGB model, providing a practical and cost-effective solution for predicting the incubation dose of irradiated metals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-of-flight based one-dimensional position estimation of radioactive sources using artificial neural network model","authors":"Jinhong Kim ,&nbsp;Siwon Song ,&nbsp;Jae Hyung Park ,&nbsp;Seunghyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Sangjun Lee ,&nbsp;Seung Hyun Cho ,&nbsp;Cheolhaeng Huh ,&nbsp;Bongsoo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel approach for one-dimensional gamma ray source position estimation by integrating plastic scintillating fiber technology, time-of-flight (ToF) measurements, and artificial neural network (ANN) techniques. The methodology employs a systematic signal processing framework consisting of constant fraction discrimination (CFD) for precise timing extraction, amplitude-based filtering for noise reduction, and statistical analysis of ToF data to enhance measurement consistency. A two-stage ANN architecture was developed incorporating dual hidden layers with ReLU activation functions and weighted correction factors to optimize spatial localization performance. The system was experimentally validated using a Cs-137 radiation source across a 10-m measurement range with data collected at both regular intervals and random positions to assess interpolation capabilities. Comparative analysis between the ANN-based approach and theoretical calculations demonstrated a 90.17 % enhancement in position estimation precision, achieving an average error of 0.0225 m compared to 0.2289 m with conventional methods. Standard deviations in position estimates remained consistently below 0.1 m across the operational range, indicating robust performance stability. These results substantiate that combining sophisticated timing measurements with machine learning strategies advances radiation detection systems applicable to environmental monitoring, nuclear safety protocols, and emergency response scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of shielding properties and mechanisms of boron-containing magnesium-rich tailings for nuclear shielding application","authors":"Mengge Dong ,&nbsp;G. Lakshminarayana ,&nbsp;Xuefei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangxin Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient utilization of boron-containing magnesium-rich tailings (BCMRTs) represents a critical challenge for the sustainable development of boron industry. This study introduces an innovative approach to repurpose BCMRTs as shielding materials and systematically investigates their shielding properties and underlying mechanisms against thermal/fast neutrons, and gamma rays. The findings demonstrate that BCMRTs exhibit exceptional thermal neutron attenuation, achieving a shielding efficiency of up to 100 % with merely 1 cm of material, thereby surpassing the performance of certain commercially available shields. However, further optimization is necessary to enhance their efficiency against fast neutrons and gamma rays. Neutron attenuation mechanism is predominantly governed by absorption effect of boron in low-energy range, elements with higher atomic number contribute in middle energy range through elastic scattering, and both elastic and inelastic scattering in high energy range. Gamma ray attenuation mechanism is predominantly governed by elements with high atomic number, with distinct nuclear interactions dominating across various energy ranges. Furthermore, comprehensive attenuation parameters for both narrow-beam and wide-beam gamma rays within the 0.001–100,000 MeV range are presented. This research provides critical insights into the potential application of BCMRTs in the development of advanced shielding materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a water-intake system for monitoring radionuclides in aquatic environments","authors":"Dayeong Lee ,&nbsp;Seongjin Maeng ,&nbsp;Sang Hoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We designed and characterized a water-intake radiation monitoring system using a 3\" × 3″ NaI(Tl) detector for real-time monitoring of, for example, nuclear power plant radioactive effluents. The MCNP6 code was used to determine the optimized container size and detector position for homogeneous ¹³¹I and ¹³⁷Cs volumetric sources. Based on the simulation results, the dimensions of the monitoring system were determined. The simulation model was initially verified by comparison with the measurement results of a paper filter certified reference materials in water. Subsequently, it was further validated by comparison with the detection efficiency for ⁴⁰K in a KCl volumetric source measurement experiment, which confirmed that the detection efficiency well matched experimental data for volumetric sources. Using the validated simulation model, the detection efficiency of ¹³¹I and ¹³⁷Cs volumetric sources in a water-filled container was assessed. To consider background radioactivity, three types of water samples—freshwater, brackish water, and seawater—were experimentally measured. Based on these measurements, the minimum detectable activity for ¹³¹I and ¹³⁷Cs volumetric sources was determined for each of the three water sample types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":"Article 103656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}