Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of transperineal ultrasound cervical length and fetal head- perineum distance measurements with a simplified bishop score in predicting induction of labor outcome: What is new?","authors":"Mohammed Usman, O. Adekunle, S. Umma, Abbas Iliyasu, B. Joseph","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_22_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The goal of Induction of labor (IOL) is to achieve vaginal delivery and reduce cesarean section. The Bishop score (BS) is the gold standard method to assess cervical status, but it is not flawless, leading to unnecessary interventions. Transperineal ultrasound measurements have been compared with the BS in predicting successful IOL. Yet the results are inconsistent. Aim: This study aimed to compare transperineal ultrasound measurements and a simplified BS in predicting IOL outcomes at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional comparative observational study conducted at the labor wards of ABUTH. Materials and Methods: It was conducted among women for IOL at 37–42 weeks between June 2019 and February 2020. Ninety-Seven women were recruited. Each woman, had a transperineal ultrasound cervical length (TPUS-CL) and fetal head perineum distance (FHPD) measured. This was followed by a simplified BS assessment. Statistical Analysis Used: Relevant Data obtained was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The significance level was considered at P < 0.05. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of TPUS-CL (area under the curve (AUC) =0.604, P = 0.084) was better than the simplified BS (AUC = 0.551, P = 0.402). FHPD (P = 0.067, CI = 0.983–1.661) was superior to fetal station (P = 0.832, CI = 0.599–1.890) in predicting the outcome of IOL. The favorable cut-off values for TPUS-CL, FHPD, and BS in our study were ≤ 3 cm, ≤5 cm, and 5 respectively. It demonstrated that TPUS-CL (P = 0.005, AUC = O.750) and FHPD (P = 0.017, AUC = 0.711) are better than simplified BS in predicting success among Primigravidas. Conclusion: TPUS-CL and FHPD measurements are better than the simplified BS in predicting IOL outcome in primigravidae.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"171 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter retrospective study on magnitude, distribution, socio-demographic, and other risk factors associated with hemodialysis in Jigawa State, Northwest Nigeria","authors":"Usman Ibrahim, A. Jibo, Usman Bashir, Muhammad Aliyu, R. Jalo, Zahrau Zubairu, S. Muazu, Luka Buba, Ademola Lawrence, Kamalu Sidi, K. Abdulsalam, Mustapha Karkarna","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_15_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_15_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: There is a growing concern regarding increasing cases of kidney diseases in Jigawa state, with most conditions requiring hemodialysis or other forms of renal replacement therapy. Aim: This study aimed to find the magnitude, distribution, socio-demographic, and other factors associated with hemodialysis in Jigawa state, Northwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective multicenter analysis of secondary data from hemodialysis centers of the randomly selected public hospitals in northwest Nigeria. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22.0, with statistical significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 1,329 patients were enrolled for dialysis in Kano and Jigawa states, between 2019 and 2022, out of which more than one-third (509, 38.3%) were from Jigawa state. Dutse, Jahun, Gumel, and Hadejia local government areas (LGAs) of Jigawa state had 86 (16.8%), 64 (12.6%), 48 (9.4%), and 44 (8.6%) respectively. The respondent's ages ranged from 1 − 100 years with a median age of 48 (interquartile range [IQR] = 31, 60) years. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was found among 403 (79.2%) patients, acute on chronic kidney disease (AOCCKD) in 87 (17.1%) patients, and acute kidney injury (AKI) in 19 (3.7%) patients. The major risk factors identified were hypertension, diabetes, and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) among 329 (64.6%), 69 (13.6%), and 66 (13.0%) patients, respectively. Hypertension was a significantly higher risk factor among patients from Jigawa state compared with other states (46.8%, P < 0.001), hypertensives from Jigawa state were twice more likely to develop kidney disease requiring hemodialysis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7–2.8) compared with non-hypertensive etiologies. Conclusion: The burden of kidney diseases requiring hemodialysis in Jigawa state is high, with hypertension and diabetes being the major risk factors for hemodialysis. The government and other stakeholders should develop strategies for early identification and proper management of the risk factors.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"118 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wax-induced episodic hemolysis in a patient with co-inheritance of sickle cell anemia and G6PD deficiency","authors":"Abdulwahab Baba, Aminu Yusuf, Dalha H Gwarzo, Ibrahim Idris","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Both sickle cell anemia (SCA) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are common genetically transmitted disorders associated with hemolytic anemia, with a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. Co-inheritance of both diseases has been reported in Nigeria where the prevalence of each disease is high. However, a high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose the co-existence of both disorders in the same individual. Here, we present an unusual case of a 32-year-old dentistry student who was known to have SCA since the age of one year. He presented with episodic exacerbation of jaundice and passage of dark-colored urine following skin and inhalational exposure to wax (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) used for reconstructive dental practical sessions. After investigations, he was found to have G6PD deficiency. This report underscores the importance of screening for G6PD deficiency in male patients with SCA presenting with episodic symptoms of hemolysis.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"205 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keloid co-existing with epidermoid cyst in a black elderly patient: A case report","authors":"O. Ilori, A. Adekunle, AbrahamA Amao, StanleyO Nnara","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_60_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_60_22","url":null,"abstract":"Keloid is an abnormal scar that can be due to tissue trauma or occur spontaneously. It commonly occurs in dark pigmented individuals with positive family history. Epidermoid cyst (EC) on the other hand is an adnexal cysts that contain keratin and stratified epithelium. The co-existence of both keloid and EC is rare and very few have been reported in the literature especially among the Negroids. The objective is to report a keloid mass co-existing with an EC in a Negroid elderly patient. A 76-year-old man presented with right sided upper back swelling of a year duration with no prior trauma or family history of keloid. Physical examination showed a 2 × 7 cm raised keloid scar with an intraoperative incidental finding of a 1 × 1 cm hemispheric epidermoidcyst. The significance of this case is in the rarity of co-existing keloid and EC especially in the elderly and Negroids.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"199 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79763097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, timing, and possible risk factors for post-cesarean wound infection among low-risk patients in Zaria, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study","authors":"U. Zubairu, Muhammad Abdul, U. Bawa, N. Madugu, Sakina Ghazzali","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_20_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Rising cesarean section rates worldwide have led to an increase in post-operative complications, especially wound infection, and endometritis. Low-risk cesarean sections are still at risk of these infections despite the absence of common risk factors. The burden and possible risk factors for these have not been widely documented in patients without major risk factors. Aim: To determine the incidence, timing of diagnosis, and possible risk factors for wound infection in low-risk cesarean sections. Settings and Design: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted among consenting women undergoing low-risk cesarean sections, defined as the absence of established risk factors for post-operative wound infection. Materials and Methods: Participants' sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics were documented in a structured proforma. The primary outcome measure was the incidence and timing of wound infection. Secondary outcome measures were the incidences of endometritis and febrile morbidity. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and Windows WINPEPI. Results: The incidence of wound infection was 11.2% (19); endometritis—20.6% (35); febrile morbidity—4.1% (7). The mean timing of diagnosis of wound infection and endometritis were 10.22 ± 3.64 and 11.57 ± 3.34 days, respectively. Grandmultiparity (P = 0.007), low maternal educational levels (P = 0.014), endometritis (p = <0.0001), and febrile morbidity (P = 0.017) were the demonstrated risk factors for wound infection. Conclusion: The incidence of wound infection in the study population was high and mostly diagnosed after discharge from the hospital. Risk factors for wound infection were grand multiparity, lower educational level, endometritis, and febrile morbidity.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"158 1","pages":"177 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of maggot debridement therapy on infected wounds of newborns: A case series in Iran","authors":"Sajjad Motallemzadeh, Seyed Tabaie, Jamal Mirzaei, K. Akbarzadeh, Gholamreza Djavid, Yusuf Sabo, Mustapha Yusuf, Azam Malekian","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_26_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"Neonates hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care units are exposed to higher risk of iatrogenic skin lesions. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) in recent years has gotten more attention as a debriding and disinfecting agent. The aim of this study was to treat infants with infected wounds and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MDT on this group of patients. The study was conducted on four infants (12 to 30 days old) with infected wounds who could not withstand surgical debridement. Lucilia sericata larvae were used along with other standard therapies. The result of this study showed that MDT is an effective biological debridement tool with a good safety margin amongst infants. It removes all the necrotic tissues and induced granulation after application. In addition, it shortens the healing time and decreased the rate of antibiotic consumption thereby reducing the overall cost of management.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"196 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and perception of religious leaders on premarital genetic counseling for sickle cell disease in Kano, Northern Nigeria","authors":"A. Galadanci, Umma Ibrahim, Zubaida Farouk, Ibrahim Abdulqadir, Yvonne Caroll, Juan Ding, Guolin Kang, Ibrahim Idris, Baba Musa, Aisha Mukaddas, Bilya Sani, Nafiu Hussaini, Bashir Umar, Awwal Gambo, H. Galadanci, J. Estepp, N. Galadanci, Michaeel DeBaun","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_42_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_42_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Nigeria has the highest burden of sickle cell disease in the world. Premarital counseling (PMC) programs to reduce the burden of hemoglobinopathies have been successfully implemented in Muslim predominant countries with similar religious and cultural practices to northern Nigeria. Religious leaders have a significant role to play in the success of PMC in northern Nigeria. Aims: To assess the knowledge and perception of premarital genetic counseling for sickle cell disease (SCD) among religious leaders in a culturally and religiously sensitive environment. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional (pre and post) study was conducted during the premarital screening workshop for SCD on July 20th, 2019, at Bayero University Kano, northwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Convenient sampling method was used to identify and invite 126 Islamic clerics through the CICID (Centre for Islamic Civilization and Interfaith Dialogue) at Bayero University Kano, to a premarital screening workshop for SCD. Self-administered semi-structured pre-and posttest questionnaires were used to collect data from the participants. Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Human Health Research and Ethics Committee approved this study. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analyses were performed with R version 4.0.2. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics and presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median and interquartile range (IQR), and percentages as appropriate. Wilcoxon test for score comparison of pre-and posttest was used with a significance level of 0.05. Results: A total of 97 religious' leaders with a mean age ± SD of 44.7 ± 12.7 completed both pre-and posttests. The male-to-female ratio was 5:1. Participants gave more accurate responses to questions during the posttest period than during the pretest; knowledge of the sign of SCD (Proportion of False Discoveries Rate (pFDR) =0.005), knowledge for the complications of SCD (pFDR = <0.001), knowledge for the best time to test for SCD (pFDR = 0.023) and perception for SCD (pFDR = <0.001). Conclusion: Providing health education to Islamic clerics improved their knowledge about SCD and their willingness to advocate for PMC to intending couples, and as such, we recommend that religious leaders should be involved in PMC counseling programs.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"125 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of a body shape index (ABSI) in clinical and public health practices: A correlational study on Igbo Adults, Southeast Nigeria","authors":"S. Obaje, Okorie Sonia-Love, Oguguo Egwu","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_16_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_16_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The role of A Body Shape Index (ABSI) has gained attention in both clinical and public health realms due to its potential in predicting health outcomes. This study focuses on Igbo adults in Southeast Nigeria, a population with limited ABSI-related research. Aim: It focuses solely on the relationship between ABSI and blood pressure for a healthy living in Nigeria. Research Settings and Design: The study enrolled 200 Igbo adults aged 18–25 years. Measurements including height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were collected using measuring tapes, weighing scales, and blood pressure monitors. Statistical analysis employed SPSS version 20, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The mean ABSI remained consistent across various age groups and genders. An explicit positive correlation between age and ABSI was observed. Despite a low area under the curve (AUC) of 0.450 in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, ABSI exhibited optimal predictive capability with a specificity of 77.00% and sensitivity of 35.7%. Conclusion: ABSI emerges as a newer and promising alternative index for blood pressure predictions. Its incorporation in clinical and public health practices can enhance disease predictability. This study provides critical insights into the applicability of ABSI within the Igbo population and underscores its potential utility in broader healthcare contexts.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"112 1","pages":"190 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical applications of otoacoustic emission: A review of the indications in aminu kano teaching hospital Northern Nigerian","authors":"Nafisa Bello-Mohammed, Muhd Hasheem","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_40_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_40_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: An otoacoustic emission (OAE) is a low-level sound emitted by the cochlea either spontaneously or evoked by an auditory stimulus. Objectives: To determine cochlea status, specifically outer hair cells (OHC), and to determine the indications and utilization of Otoacoustic emission in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. Settings and Design: This was a 3 years retrospective analysis in which all patients that had Otoacoustic Emission in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. Materials and Methods: The records were retrieved and the basic demographic data, indications, and findings were extracted and entered into the Excel spreadsheet. Statistical Analysis Used: Retrospective analysis of the indications of otoacoustic emission testing was done by analyzing the records of 146 patients. The data were extracted and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and the result presented in tables. Results: Hearing loss accounted for 37% of OAE testing done (55 patients). Hearing loss from febrile illness accounted for 12.3% (18 patients) and 12% resulted from congenital hearing loss (16 patients). Conclusion: OAEs continue to play an important role in routine audiological assessments with ever-expanding applications. There is, however, marked under-utilization of the investigation. Hopefully, the scope of applications will broaden to include hearing aid fitting and intraoperative monitoring, and using OAE as “acoustic fingerprints” becomes a reality. There is a need for more commitment by the ORL Surgeons.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"156 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine-induced somnambulism in a 55-year-old lady with psychotic depression: A case report","authors":"M. Gudaji, Z. Habib, Zakiyya Abubakar","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_24_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_24_23","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep walking disorder or somnambulism is a parasomnia that occurs in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) characterized by an individual arising from bed and ambulating without fully awakening. It is known to be associated with multiple medications and has been reported with atypical antipsychotics. Here, we report a case of sleep walking induced by clozapine; before this, there have only been two reported cases of clozapine induced somnambulism.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"202 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}