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Social Mobility in Developing Countries最新文献

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Ethnography and Social Mobility 人种学与社会流动
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0011
D. Vaid
{"title":"Ethnography and Social Mobility","authors":"D. Vaid","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The ethnographic approach has much to contribute to our understanding of social mobility. This chapter provides a discussion on ethnography as a method and approach to writing and description, and reviews some ways in which themes related to social mobility and inequality in the developing world have been explored ethnographically. It discusses the themes that these studies cover in terms of two frames: the social construction of mobility and the fields within which mobility plays out. Social mobility is explored in relation to themes such as the family, labour, class, caste, race, gender, migration, and inequality. These are considered in relation to the value of ethnography in underscoring everyday lived experiences of individuals and collectives.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123376706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Income Mobility in the Developing World 发展中国家的收入流动性
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0006
Himanshu, P. Lanjouw
{"title":"Income Mobility in the Developing World","authors":"Himanshu, P. Lanjouw","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines income mobility in developing countries. We start by synthesizing findings from the available evidence on relative mobility and poverty dynamics. We then describe evidence on economic mobility obtained via synthetic panels constructed from cross-section data. We echo earlier literature in pointing to substantial movement across income classes by households over time—poverty is not inevitably a chronic condition. However, less clear are the factors driving the observed ‘churning’. In an attempt to make headway, we consider the story of economic mobility in one village in northern India over seven decades. We describe patterns of poverty dynamics and economic mobility in the village, and we highlight some of the processes that have been important in driving these patterns. While this in-depth study does not permit inferences to broader populations, it may provide a reference point against which findings from studies elsewhere can be compared.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125029170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exploring Concepts of Social Mobility 探索社会流动的概念
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0003
Gary S. Fields
{"title":"Exploring Concepts of Social Mobility","authors":"Gary S. Fields","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter has two purposes. The first is to define clearly different social mobility concepts and components. The second is to embed these concepts and components into a larger context of social mobility research. The core of the chapter develops six mobility concepts and their measures as well as six macromobility components and their measures. The next section relates these concepts and components to issues in the mobility literature. The chapter concludes with a checklist of suggestions for conducting and presenting social mobility research: being explicit about several preliminaries—outcome of interest, context, and level of analysis—and then four steps—question, mobility concept(s), mobility measure(s), and empirical findings.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133215407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Social Mobility in China 中国的社会流动性
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0010
Yaojun Li
{"title":"Social Mobility in China","authors":"Yaojun Li","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyses intergenerational class mobility in China as a case study of a quantitative sociological approach to social mobility research in the Global South. Drawing on national representative surveys collected between 2010 and 2015 in China, the analysis focuses on absolute and relative mobility rates for men and women across four birth cohorts. With regard to absolute mobility, we find rising levels of mobility, with upward mobility prevailing over downward mobility. With regard to relative mobility, we find constancy for the older cohorts but a growing rigidity for the youngest cohort of men. The urban–rural divide is increasingly blurred, but class differences are becoming more salient, especially between the professional-managerial salariat and the rest of society in occupational and educational attainment.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":" 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113950768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Educational Mobility in the Developing World 发展中国家的教育流动性
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0007
Florencia Torche
{"title":"Educational Mobility in the Developing World","authors":"Florencia Torche","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews the small but growing literature on intergenerational educational mobility in the developing world. Education is a critical determinant of economic wellbeing, and it predicts a range of nonpecuniary outcomes such as marriage, fertility, health, crime, and political attitudes. We show that developing nations feature stronger intergenerational educational persistence than high-income countries, in spite of substantial educational expansion in the last decades. We consider variations in mobility across gender and region, and discuss the macro-level correlates of educational mobility in developing countries. The chapter also discusses the literatures on concepts and measurement of educational mobility, theoretical perspectives to understand educational mobility across generations, and the role that education plays in the economic mobility process, and it applies these literatures to understand educational mobility in the developing world.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126115990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Measuring Social Mobility in Historic and Less Developed Societies 衡量历史社会和欠发达社会的社会流动性
Social Mobility in Developing Countries Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0012
G. Clark
{"title":"Measuring Social Mobility in Historic and Less Developed Societies","authors":"G. Clark","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896858.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"In societies where surnames are inherited from parents, we can use these names to estimate rates of intergenerational mobility. This chapter explains how to make such estimates, and illustrates their use in pre-industrial England and modern Chile and India. These surname estimates have the advantage that they require much less data than traditional parent–child estimates. They are also more robust to errors in status data. Thus, they can be used to estimate social mobility rates in early societies such as England 1300–1800, or in less developed societies now. Surnames measure a different aspect of social mobility than conventional measures, but this surname measure is the one that matters when we consider group-level convergence of social status, or the time needed for any disadvantaged groups to attain at least average status measured in generations. Surnames thus allow us to measure a key element in the multigenerational mobility process.","PeriodicalId":192169,"journal":{"name":"Social Mobility in Developing Countries","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133208338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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