Nigerian Journal of Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Human Cysticercosis in Amper and Kabwir Districts of Kanke Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria","authors":"F. Kum, J. Yohanna, C. Adeiyongo","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Human cysticercosis is an important public health problem, particularly in developing countries. The seroprevalence of human cysticercosis in Amper and  Kabwir Districts of Kanke Local Government Area of Plateau State was studied between January and March 2019. Blood samples were collected from  151 individuals in the study area. Serum was obtained and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the prevalence of  1gG antibodies to cysticercosis. Forty-one (41) out of 151 individuals were positive for human cysticercosis giving a seroprevalence of 27.15%.  Seroprevalence was higher in females (29.87%) than in males (24.32%) however, this was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Age group 41 to 50 years  had the highest (33.33%) seroprevalence of infection while individuals 51 years and above had the lowest (16.67%) seroprevalence. Other risk factors that  influenced seroprevalence include the source of drinking water, the type of toilet system used, and the rearing of pigs. Good sanitary measures are  suggested to combat this infection. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70584442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Giardia lamblia Infection among Pupils and Students from Selected Schools in Nsukka Metropolis, Enugu State","authors":"I. Onah, O. E. Nwafor, J. I. Okwor, S. Eze, S. A. Haruna, N.F. Ugwuanyi","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.26","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, Giardia lamblia is the most common intestinal protozoa parasite with about 200 million yearly infections in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The  parasite is common in third-world countries with poor living conditions. The current surge in terrorism across Nigeria has forced people to migrate into  relatively peaceful regions and Nsukka has been one of the cities in Nigeria that have witnessed the influx of migrants. This migration aids the spread of  G. lamblia and thus puts the public health of the inhabitants of Nsukka metropolis at risk. The current state of G. lamblia infection in Nsukka metropolis is  not known and this knowledge gap hampers effective planning by public health officers and policymakers to safeguard the public health of the  inhabitants. The objectives of this study were to provide information on the prevalence of G. lamblia infection among pupils and students from selected  schools within Nsukka metropolis and to provide data on the age group that is more vulnerable to the parasitic infection among the studied population  for public health campaign against the parasite. Faecal samples were collected from 170 individuals from five different schools. The faecal samples were  examined for G. lamblia under the microscope using formol-ether concentration and direct smear methods. The prevalence of G. lamblia is 38.2%. The  prevalence is higher in males (40.3%) than in females (36.7%). El-Shaddai Nursery and Primary School (ENPS) and University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN)  recorded the highest prevalence of 53.3% each. Children in the age groups 3 - 7 years had the highest prevalence of 66.7%. Giardia lamblia is widespread  among children and university students in Nsukka metropolis. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48412872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Carried Out by Community Medicine Distributors to Guide Home Management of Malaria in Ona-Ara Local Government Area of Southwest Nigeria","authors":"R. Funwei, F. Olusola, C. Afonne-Bembir, J. Badejo, T. Ogunsesin, I. Ajayi, A. Jegede, C. Falade","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.27","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization recommends parasite-based diagnosis of malaria before the administration of artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT). Trained community medicine distributors (CMDs) constitute a credible option in healthcare delivery in resource-limited and hard-to-reach settings.  This study evaluated the performance of mRDT, microscopy and PCR in the diagnosis of malaria among febrile under-5 children in rural South-western  Nigeria. One thousand and forty-three (1,043) febrile children aged 3 – 59 months were enrolled on this study as part of a larger one. The CMDs collected  finger prick blood samples and performed mRDT, prepared thick blood smears for malaria microscopy and blood spots on filter paper for PCR assays.  Malaria was detected in 78.7%, 69.2% and 55% by mRDT, PCR and microscopy, respectively. The sensitivity of mRDT was 88.2% versus 92.5% while  specificity was 42.2% versus 38.2% against PCR and microscopy, respectively. The PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy were 88.2% versus 64.8, 61.7% versus  80.6% and 74.0% versus 68.1% respectively. Levels of agreement with PCR and microscopy were fair (κ-value = 0.336 versus 0.322). PCR detected  97.8% P. falciparum, 4.4% P. malariae and 2.5% P. ovale. Trained community medicine distributors can effectively performed malaria rapid diagnostic tests  to guide appropriate home management of malaria in resource-limited settings. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47047335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Pathogenic Trypanosomes in Cattle and Camels Slaughtered at Zango and Kawo Abattoirs, Kaduna State, Nigeria","authors":"F. Enwezor, T. O. Olanrewaju, R. Bizi, M. A. Kugama, O. A. Abraham, R. Yusuf, M. Salawu, K. Jarmai, S. Abubakar, M. Saidu, O. J. Onogwu, A. Tijjani, C. D. Sarki, D. Abdullahi, H. Sabo, H. Ibrahim, I. C. Asongo","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.24","url":null,"abstract":"African trypanosomosis remains one of the major diseases affecting food security and human healthy living in sub-Saharan Africa. This study screened  domesticated animals for the presence of pathogenic trypanosomes in 1,050 slaughtered animals comprising 858 and 100 cattle respectively from Zango  and Kawo abattoirs and 92 camels from Zango as Kawo abattoir neither slaughters nor sell camel meat. Both abattoirs are government-owned  and located in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The animals examined were sourced from Bauchi, Yobe, Katsina, Kaduna, Kano, and Chad  Republic. Blood samples were collected from each animal at the point of slaughter and examined using the buffy coat technique and Leishman-stained  thick film for trypanosome identification. Packed cell volume (PCV) determination was conducted to assess the level of anaemia. Results indicated that 25  cattle and 2 camels (27) had an overall trypanosome infection rate of 2.57%. The trypanosomes observed were mainly Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma  congolense, and Trypanosoma vivax. This study showed that sources of livestock slaughtered at various abattoirs can be a useful indicator  in quantifying trypanosomosis risk. Continuous sensitization and awareness creation among the herders at the grass-root level is recommended for  effective disease management towards increased livestock production and productivity required to sustain the rural economy and improve the  livelihoods of the local populace. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44069135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Mapping of Annual Malaria Incidence in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Egbom, F. Nduka, S. Nzeako, U. Chukwuocha","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Rivers State is the centre of Nigeria's oil industry and has the presence of oil prospectors including expatriates who are at risk of malaria infection.  Periodic analysis of epidemiological data will enable malaria control programmers to appraise the interventions carried out over the years and assist in  the development of sustainable and adaptive strategies directed from an informed local level. This study, therefore, examined spatiotemporal variations  in malaria incidence in the State using Annual Parasite Incidence (API) as an indicator. Monthly reported malaria cases from 2007-2017 at the local  government area (LGA) level were retrieved from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Response (IDSR) system of Rivers State Ministry of Health while  projected population data for the same period were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics. API of the LGAs from 2007 to 2017 were computed,  integrated into GIS, and subjected to weighted overlay analysis to delineate the risk zones. The eleven-year retrospective study of malaria in Rivers State  displayed geographical variations which were statistically significant between the LGAs. Malaria incidence fluctuated throughout the study period. API  values increased from 13.746 in 2007 to 34.067 in 2013 and dropped to 8.721 in 2017. All the LGAs recorded API values below 100, indicating a very low  malaria burden in a controlled setting. However, none of the LGAs has reached the WHO standard level for the elimination of transmission. Ikwerre,  Eleme, Ogu-Bolo and Opobo/Nkoro LGAs were assigned to the very high malaria risk stratum (362.615 to 490.005) whereas Abua-Odual, Akuku-Toru and  Degema LGAs were assigned to very low-risk malaria stratum (103.281 to 113.897). The findings of this research will aid stakeholders in evaluating the  impact of control strategies employed over the years and possibly, revisit malaria extant interventions for improved malaria control outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45814066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mosquito Coil Smoke Inhalation on the Haematological, Biochemical, and Histopathological Parameters of Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)","authors":"H. Okoh, I.M. Odoh, J. Ahmed, F. Oluwafemi, U. Morikwe, A. Augustine","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria remains the most important mosquito-borne parasitic disease in sub – Saharan Africa and one of the ways of reducing the risk of the disease is  by preventing mosquito–human contact. Mosquito coil (MC) is a coiled substance having one or more insecticides that slowly burns to emit smoke that  repels mosquitoes. Some emissions from mosquito coil smoke (MCS) have however been reported to have various health implications. In this study, we  investigated the effect of MCS inhalation on the haematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters of Wistar rats. Twenty adults male Wistar  rats weighing between 160 and 180g were divided into four groups of five rats each. Group I (G1) served as unexposed control while groups 2 – 4  (G2, G3, G4) were exposed to MCS for 2, 4, and 6 hours respectively each day for eight weeks. At the end of the exposure period, the rats were weighed  and sacrificed. Blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical parameters while kidney, liver and lung samples were harvested for  histopathology. There was a significant increase (P<0.5) in the Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and electrolyte level of exposed rats compared to the control.  Histopathological evaluation of the kidney showed severe congestion of the renal cortex and moderate diffused degeneration of the renal tubules.  Sections of the exposed liver showed mild to moderate periportal cellular infiltration, mild congestion of interstitial capillaries, and mild diffuse hydropic  degeneration of hepatocytes. Similarly, sections of exposed lungs revealed severe congestion and oedema of the lungs, moderate diffuse proliferation of  alveoli pneumocyte, multiple foci of congestion, and oedema with haemorrhage into the alveoli. These findings suggest that exposure to MCS may have  toxic effects on the haematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters of Wistar rats. Friendlier mosquito control alternatives like Long  Lasting Insecticidal–treated Nets should therefore be encouraged.  ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42721460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-sectional study on the Prevalence, Behavioural and Environmental Risk Factors of Malaria Transmission in Two Senatorial Districts of Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"H.C. Nku, Edema Enogiomwan Imalele, A. U. Usang, D. Bassey, A. Alaribe","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"There is a dearth of information on the behavioural and environmental risk factors enhancing malaria transmission in the Cross River State. This study,  therefore, investigated the prevalence of malaria and the behavioural and environmental risk factors enhancing malaria parasite transmission in four  Local Government Areas in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional design involving 400 participants aged 5-60 years and was  conducted between August and November 2021. Thick and thin blood films prepared were examined using microscopy at ×10 magnification. A standard  questionnaire was also used to collect data on socio-demographic and environmental factors. The overall prevalence of malaria infection recorded in the  study is 18.2% (73/400). All malaria infections were observed to be caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The prevalence of malaria infection was higher in  the age group 11-20 years (22.2%) (P<0.001). According to gender, males (23.3%) were more infected with malaria than females (12.9%) (P=0.007). An  overall mean (±S.D) parasite density and parasites count of 250.00±18.80 and 15.60±1.20 parasite/μLof blood, respectively, was recorded in the study. In  Calabar South Local Government Area (LGA), there was a negative correlation between the use of bed nets and malaria infection (r= -0.226) (P=0.024).  Mud houses, use of bed nets, and the availability of refuse dump around households were significantly (P<0.001) associated with the presence of  mosquitoes. A negative correlation was observed in the relationship between the presence of mosquitoes and the use of insecticide in Calabar South LGA  (r= -0.390) (P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the use of bed nets and the presence of mosquitos in Calabar Municipal (r= -0.286)  and Obudu (r= -0.286) LGAs (P=0.004). In conclusion, this study suggests that malaria management efforts should take an integrated strategy that  includes good environmental sanitation. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45266142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutant DHFR Prevalence and Pyrimethamine Resistance among Asymptomatic Adolescents in Kwara State","authors":"K.A. Obaniyi, O. J. Sunday, G.O. Oso, O. Olalubi","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a leading public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and its control is seriously challenged by drug resistance.  Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is mediated by point mutations in genes encoding the target enzymes dihydrofolate reductase (pfdhfr) and  dihydropteroate synthase (pfdhps). Blood from a total of 176 subjects aged 11-19 years from Ilorin East and Irepodun Local Government areas (LGAs) was  examined for mutant alleles of the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at codon 51 and 108  respectively. Rapid Diagnostic Test kits were used for the malaria test. Of the 176 participants, 73 (41.5%) subjects tested positive for malaria parasite  while 95 (54.0%) tested negative. For both N51I and S108N SNPscreening, mutant alleles were dominant over the wild type. The Iponrin community  (Ilorin East LGA) recorded the highest percentage of mutant alleles 14 (33.33%) of the N51I SNP, while the Igbonla community (Irepodun LGA) had the  least number of mutant alleles 8 (19.04%). On the other hand, the Alakuko community recorded the highest number of alleles 14 (31.80%) for S108N  mutant while the Igbonla community (Irepodun LGA) had the least number of mutant alleles 8 (18.18%). There was widespread pyrimethamine resistance  among the studied population and the malaria parasite remains persistent among the studied population. Therefore, there is a need for  monitoring antimalarial drug resistance in Nigeria for prompt management of the antimalarial drug resistance menace. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41461812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative Productivity of Mosquito Larval Habitats for Abundance and Immature stages Distribution in Relation to Physicochemical Properties in Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"I. Shehu, S. M. Bawa, A. Mohammed, I. Yakudima, S. Hasber","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Immature mosquitoes were evaluated for the productivity of the breeding habitats using field cages in Niger State. Mosquitoes were sampled weekly  both outside and inside field experimental cages by dipping and emptying the cages in a bowl container and identified using microscope-guided  standard morphological keys. Three genera namely, Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex, were encountered and the mean immature abundance rate (IAR), in  gutters, follows decreasing order and dominated by Culex (93.16±10.79%) > Anopheles (17.79±2.23%) > Aedes (15.77±2.12 %). In swamps, Anopheles  highest mean (78.04±8.00%), followed by Culex (28.13±2.55%) and Aedes(14.54±1.56%). Similarly, in large water bodies, the distribution decreases as;  Anopheles (74.33±7.07%)> Culex (27.14±2.50%)>Aedes (12.91±1.30%). In terms of immature productivity rate (IPR) among the three genera, Culex had the  highest mean in gutters (191.29±22.37%) followed by Anopheles in large waters and swamps (148.03±14.81% and 153.15±15.92%) while lowest was  Aedes (25.57±2.42%) in large water. Furthermore, for the density of immature, 1st stage (L1) recorded the highest followed by 2nd stage (L2), followed by  3rd stage (L3), and the least was the 4th stage (L4) for IAR and IPR. For the estimation of breeding habitats, the cage sampling method is the most  reliable (709.86±73.63 mosquitoes) when compared with dipping techniques that recorded 324.06±44.00 mosquitoes. Mosquito physicochemical  conditions varied significantly with DO (8.83±0.40) in large water bodies; nitrate (4.57±0.55), phosphate (3.26±0.73), calcium (88.19±12.79), sulphur  (28.23±2.45), potassium (10.63±0.76), chlorine (87.52±20.89) and alkalinity (187.00±26.39) in the gutters. However, a positive correlation between rainfall  and mosquito species (r = 0.523 to 0.801) as well as between relative humidity and mosquitoes (r= 0.236 to 0.551, p>0.05) on mosquito populations. Only    Anopheles in large water habitats was significant (0.801*, p>0.05). The findings revealed disparities in the abundance and larval habitat production  rates of the mosquito genera and associated positively with some physicochemical and metrological cues. Consequently, an effective tactic must be  developed for mosquito control, particularly in the most highly recognized breeding habitats. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47476899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Burkina Faso: Epidemiological evolution of a vector-borne disease locally called “Ouaga 2000 disease”: a minireview","authors":"A. Zida, P. M. Sawadogo, K. T. Guiguemde, I. Soulama, T. Chanolle, S. Traoré, I. Sangare, S. Bamba","doi":"10.4314/njpar.v44i1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.25","url":null,"abstract":"In Burkina Faso, the first case of cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) dates from 1960 and a few cases were reported in the following years. The objective of this  review was to collect and analyze available data on CLin Burkina Faso to improve case management and control of disease transmission. A review of  the literature was carried out using the PubMed, Google Scholar and Hinari databases. Publications dealing with the epidemiological aspects of CL, the  parasite species involved, vectors and potential reservoir hosts, as well as drugs used in the treatment of CLwere searched. From 1960 to 1961, Burkina  Faso recorded 13 cases of CL. From 2000 to 2005, an average of more than 1500 CLcases were recorded in Ouagadougou. In 2016 authors reported the  results of the investigation of a second epidemic focus in Larama, Bassins region. More recently, in 2021, an investigation was carried out in a focus in the  Centre-Nord region, bringing the number of CL focus to three in Burkina Faso. Leishmania major is the main species identified. In the wild area in the  Ouagadougou focus, rodents Mastomys, Cricetomys, etc. have been described as the potential reservoir hosts, while in the domestic area, the  animal reservoir would be the dog. In the focus of Ouagadougou, Phlebotomus duboscqi has been suspected since the 1960s as the possible vector of  CL. The diagnosis is essentially microscopic. The first-line treatment meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) accounted for only 65.9% of prescriptions.  According to studies, the relapse rate after the first treatment with pentavalent antimony is about 37%. Despite the neglected disease status given to CL,  there is therefore a need to strengthen the fight against this parasitosis by improving access to diagnosis and treatment, vector control and  investigations to discover possible new endemic foci. ","PeriodicalId":19206,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43636865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}