Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine最新文献_第9页

Prescribing of antidiabetic medicines to older diabetes type 2 patients in Lagos, Nigeria. 尼日利亚拉各斯老年2型糖尿病患者的抗糖尿病药物处方。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Patrick O Erah, Halima I Eroje

{"title":"Prescribing of antidiabetic medicines to older diabetes type 2 patients in Lagos, Nigeria.","authors":"Patrick O Erah, Halima I Eroje","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus in older adults is increasing in Lagos and other parts of Nigeria but there is paucity of information on the use of medicines in this group of patients.Objective: A survey was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing of antidiabetic medications to older diabetes adults in Lagos, Nigeria.Methods: A convenient sample of physicians working in seven health care facilities in Lagos were surveyed using a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire to determine the medications they often prescribed for diabetes patients older than 50 years, whether they consider dosage reduction in these patients, and the counselling information they provide to the patients. AGS 2012 Beer's criteria were used to determine potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) for the patients. Factors associated with the tendency to prescribe inappropriately were then evaluated using logistic regression analyses.Results: Glibenclamide, metformin, and metformin/glimepiride combination were regularly prescribed by 45.64-87.25% of the physicians but gliclazide, pioglitazone, pioglitazone/metformin and pioglitazone/glimepiride combinations were prescribed occasionally by 41.61-61.74% of them. Majority of the physicians (87.25%) prescribe glibenclamide to the older patients and do not also always consider dosage reduction on account of older age. Some of these (30.2%) of these physicians equally prescribed chlorpropamide to the patients. Postgraduate qualification was the only significant factor associated with prescription of chlorpropamide (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Inappropriate use of chlorpropamide and glibenclamide, and failure to consider dosage reduction on account of older age have been reported by physicians treating older diabetes patients in Lagos. This calls for continuous education of physicians in Lagos as well as in other parts of Nigeria to promote rational use of antidiabetic medications in the country.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"12-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of ciprofloxacin use in children. 环丙沙星在儿童中的应用综述。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

N V Okoye, M R Oyawole, P U Uzochukwu, O O Oyetunde

引用次数: 0

Overview of dermatophyte infections at the dermatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary institution in Nigeria. 概述皮肤真菌感染在皮肤科门诊诊所的第三机构在尼日利亚。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

O O Ayanlowo, A O Akinkugbe

{"title":"Overview of dermatophyte infections at the dermatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary institution in Nigeria.","authors":"O O Ayanlowo, A O Akinkugbe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dermatophytes are the commonest organisms causing superficial fungal infections. Earlier epidemiologic studies in Nigeria revealed dermatophyte infection as one of the top three reasons for visiting the dermatologists.Objective: To determine the frequency, characteristics and predisposing factors to dermatophyte infections at the dermatology outpatient clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) from March 2003 to September 2009.Methods: The clinic records and case notes of patients were reviewed. Patients' data which includes demographic details, characteristics of disease, predisposing factors and clinical presentation findings were entered on Excel spreadsheets and analyzed using SPSS 15. Results were displayed using frequency tables.Results: Dermatophyte infections were found in 8.39% of patients attending the dermatology outpatient clinic of LUTH. Tinea pedis was the most frequently seen, occurring in 33.6% of patients; followed by tinea corporis (20%), tinea manuum (18.6%) and tinea capitis (14.8%). Dermatophyte infection was most frequently seen in the 3rd and the 4th decades of life, except tinea capitis seen predominantly in the 1st decade of life and tinea intertrigo in the 5th decade.Conclusion: Dermatophyte infections occur at all age groups, although frequency of occurrence differs with age group and site of the body affected.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mucuna pruriens protects the testes from Quinine-induced testicular toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats 粘虫对Sprague-Dawley大鼠睾丸毒性的保护作用

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/NQJHM.V23I3

O. Olabanji, E. Akang, O. Yama, T. Kusemiju, A. Oremosu, A. Osinubi

{"title":"Mucuna pruriens protects the testes from Quinine-induced testicular toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats","authors":"O. Olabanji, E. Akang, O. Yama, T. Kusemiju, A. Oremosu, A. Osinubi","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V23I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V23I3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quinine (QU) has been identified as a testicular toxicant that leads to infertility. However some plant extracts have demonstrated protective effects on the testes.Objective: To determine the effect of Mucuna pruriens (MP) seed extract on the testes and its protective role on QU-induced testicular damage.Methods: Twenty male rats weighing between 120-150 g were used for the study. They were divided into four groups of five rats each. Group I (control) administered distilled water for 8 weeks. Group II received 10 mg/kg of QU only for 8 weeks. Group III rats were treated with QU and MP seed extract at 10 and 75 mg/kg concurrently for 8 weeks. Group IV received 75 mg/kg of MP seed extract only for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental durations animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Testes harvested, processed for testicular: glutathione (GSH), catalase activity (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) and microscopic studies. Blood samples collected for testosterone assay.Results: There were significant increases in serum testosterone and testicular antioxidants (GSH, CAT and SOD) levels and a decrease in MDA levels in rats treated with MP only and parallel doses of QU and MP for 8 weeks when compared to control and animals treated with QU alone. The histology showed corresponding improvement compared to control and QU treated rats.Conclusion: MP increases testosterone levels and testicular antioxidant enzymes as well as protecting the testis against QU induced testicular damage.Keywords: Mucuna pruriens, Testis, Quinine, Infertility","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"221-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80816193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospective evaluation of the impact of daycare attendance on the prevalence of otitis media with effusion in 6 to 24 months old children in urban Nigeria. 日托服务对尼日利亚城市6至24个月大儿童中耳炎伴积液患病率影响的前瞻性评价

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/NQJHM.V23I1

C. Asoegwu, C. Nwawolo, A. Somefun

{"title":"Prospective evaluation of the impact of daycare attendance on the prevalence of otitis media with effusion in 6 to 24 months old children in urban Nigeria.","authors":"C. Asoegwu, C. Nwawolo, A. Somefun","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V23I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V23I1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The peak age prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) is in early childhood. Day care attendance has been established by various studies as a risk factor for the development of OME. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of OME among children aged 6 - 24 months, and the impact of day care center (DCCs) attendance on the OME occurrence. METHODS A prospective cohort study conducted in children recruited from DCCs and immunization clinics in Surulere, Lagos state, Nigeria. They were matched mainly on their place of care, at home or at day care center and presence or absence of OME using pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry. RESULTS A total of 152 children were studied. Based on their place of care, they were divided into day care attendees 64 (42.1%), and non day care attendees 88 (57.9%). The prevalence of OME was 37.7% overall, 43.7% in the day care attendees and 33.4% in the non day care attendees. Factors found to positively influence the prevalence of OME in this study include: young age 6-12 months, female gender and day care attendance. CONCLUSION OME is common in Nigerian children at young age. Day care facility attendance significantly increased OME prevalence.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83539177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Abuja, Nigeria. 尼日利亚阿布贾颌面骨折伴发性损伤

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Seidu Adebayo Bello, Abayomi Ademola Olaitan, Abiodun Olubayo Fasola, Olayemi Oluwole Olaomi, Ezekiel Taiwo Adebayo, Bayo Aluko Olokun, Timothy Erinmosele Osodin

{"title":"Concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Abuja, Nigeria.","authors":"Seidu Adebayo Bello, Abayomi Ademola Olaitan, Abiodun Olubayo Fasola, Olayemi Oluwole Olaomi, Ezekiel Taiwo Adebayo, Bayo Aluko Olokun, Timothy Erinmosele Osodin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Injury is the leading cause of death and disability and the third most common cause of death Little attention has been given to the concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in scientific literatures.Objectives: For effective planning and efficient management of the patients, there is need to study the pattern ofthese injuries.Methods: Consecutive patients who sustained one or more facial bone fractures over a period of 2 years were prospectively studied.Results: There were 103 patients out of which 96 sustained concomitant injuries giving an incidence of 93.2%.There were 75 (78.1%) males and 21 (21.9%) females with a M:F of 3.6:1. The mean + (SD) age was 30.8 +13.0 with a range of 2.0 to 68.0 years. Road Traffic Crashes was the commonest (n = 81, 84.4%) cause of injury. Soft tissue of the face, with an incidence of 62.1% (n = 64) was the commonest concomitant injury. It was followed by neurologic injury (n = 51, 49.5%) and ophthalmic injury (n = 38, 36.9%) while abdominal injury (n = 2, 1.9%) was the least common. Majority (87.5%) of the ophthalmic injury patients sustained midfacial fracture while 12.5% of the them sustained mandibular fractures. Pulmonary and cervical injuries were found to be associated more with mandibularfractures.Conclusion: Concomitant injuries occur commonly with maxillofacial fractures and they were found to have significant effect on the management of the fractures. A multidisciplinary approach will bring about a very efficient management of patients.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"33-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Otologic and audiological evaluation among HIV patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. 尼日利亚伊洛林艾滋病毒患者的耳科和听力学评估。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

B S Alabi, A K Salami, O A Afolabi, S K Aremu, H O Olawumi, L O Odeigah, H J Akande

{"title":"Otologic and audiological evaluation among HIV patients in Ilorin, Nigeria.","authors":"B S Alabi, A K Salami, O A Afolabi, S K Aremu, H O Olawumi, L O Odeigah, H J Akande","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV infection is the highest cause of death worldwide and presenting eventually with ENT regions.Objective: This study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing patterns among adults Nigerians with HIV and causal relationships between CD4+ counts with the degree of hearing impairments.Methods: This prospective study was carried out among all consecutive HIV positive patients attending the clinic at the University of Ilorin teaching hospital (U.I.T.H.), Ilorin, Nigeria between January and July, 2008. They all had audiological assessments with a pure tone audiometer within the frequency range 250 to 8,000 Hz to determine their hearing thresholds together with their CD+ counts estimations.Results: 89 were evaluated in the age range of 18 to 56 years (Mean 36.4 years, SD of 8.82) and the modal age group was 21-39 years (59.6%), 40-56 years (38.2%).There were 51 males (57.3%) and 38 females (42.7%) with a male/female ratio of 1.3:1.0. Otological symptoms included tinnitus (15.7%), vertigo (15.7%), otalgia (14.6%) and hard of hearing (10%). Examinations showed bilateral serous Otitis media (glue ear) in 58 patients (65.1%) with no affectation of the facial nerves. PTA showed mixed, conductive and SNHL in 32 patients (36%), 20 patients (22.5%), 9 patients (10.1%) respectively and only 15(16.9%) had normal hearing thresholds. The CD4+ counts ranged between 12 to 616. CD4 counts with hearing loss mostly < 300mm3.Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss is 87% among HIV infected patients, mostly mixed HLwith causal relationships between reduced CD4+ counts of less than 300/mm3 with severity of hearing loss. The hearing loss can interfere with the communication and specific knowledge vital to the development of best practices towards ensuring the inclusion of hearing impaired in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programmes.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What do medical interns in Nigeria think of the white coat? A cross sectional study. 尼日利亚的医疗实习生如何看待白大褂医生?横断面研究。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor, Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi, Christian Chigozie Makwe, Okezie Obasi Kanu, Taslim Bello

{"title":"What do medical interns in Nigeria think of the white coat? A cross sectional study.","authors":"Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor, Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi, Christian Chigozie Makwe, Okezie Obasi Kanu, Taslim Bello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The appeal of the white coat to both the doctors and the public is waning. In most developing countries such as Nigeria doctors' view of the white coat is not known.Objective: To determine the proportion of interns which supported wearing of white coat by doctors.Methods: A 10-item questionnaire was distributed to medical interns undertaking mandatory pre-registration training in a tertiary hospital. Characteristics of interns who were supportive of doctors wearing the white coat were compared to those who did not support or were indifferent to it.Results: Two hundred and thirty three interns returned completed questionnaires. About 54% (126) and 52% (107) of the participants were males and graduates of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos respectively. The majority of interns (167; 71.7%) supported the wearing of white coats by doctors when attending to patients; 22 (9.4%) were opposed to it while 44 (18.9%) were indifferent. Older interns, females and interns who had not rotated through Paediatrics were more likely to support the wearing of white coats by doctors. The commonest reason for wearing the white coat was for identification.Conclusion: The majority of medical interns supported the wearing of white coat by doctors. Prevention of infection is no longer the major reason for wearing the white coat. There is need to document the public's perception of the white coat.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"22-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimising cornea scarring from the use of harmful traditional eye remedies in developing countries. 在发展中国家，尽量减少因使用有害的传统眼科疗法而造成的角膜疤痕。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2012-10-01

B J Adekoya, A A Ayanniyi, F G Adepoju, C O Omolase, J F Owoeye

引用次数: 0

Neurobehavioural and neurotoxic effects of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan in lead exposed rats. l -抗坏血酸和l -色氨酸对铅暴露大鼠的神经行为和神经毒性影响。

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine Pub Date : 2012-10-01

Osaretin Albert Taiwo Ebuehi, Oluseyi Cyril Ayinde

{"title":"Neurobehavioural and neurotoxic effects of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan in lead exposed rats.","authors":"Osaretin Albert Taiwo Ebuehi, Oluseyi Cyril Ayinde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lead is an environmental toxicant, occupational and environmental exposures remain a serious problem in developing and industrializing countries.Objective: This study is designed to investigate the effects of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan on the neurotoxicity and neurobehavioural alterations in lead exposed male Sprague Dawley rats.Methods: Experimental animals were exposed to oral doses of lead (Pb), L-ascorbic acid, and L-tryptophan at 75 mg/kg body weight, 40 mg/kg body weight, and 20 mg/kg body weight respectively, while control animals received 0.90% saline solution. Oral administration spanned for four weeks after which changes in neuro-behaviour, organ weight, blood deposition of Pb, brain serotonin, tryptophan and neuronal redox status were determined. Changes in organ weight, blood lead levels, neuro-behavioural characteristics, brain serotonin and tryptophan contents, and brain redox status were determined.Results: The results indicated that Pb exposure increased blood lead, organ-weight index, and behavioural signs of anxiety and aggression. The sub-chronic exposure to Pb also decreased brain serotonin, while causing oxidative stress by decreasing reduced glutathione levels, antioxidant enzyme activity and increasing lipid peroxidation and brain protein contents. L-ascorbic acid attenuated both Pb induced neuronal oxidative stress, and abnormalities in behaviour. But L-tryptophan ameliorated Pb altered neurobehaviour with no significant effect on Pb induced oxidative stress in the brain. Co-administration of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan on Pb exposed rats showed a reversal in all indices assessed towards the physiological state of control.Conclusion: This suggests that L-ascorbic and L-tryptophan can be used to compliment chelating therapy in lead neurotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"22 4","pages":"240-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32154481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0