Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine最新文献

{"title":"The influence of sociodemographic factors, knowledge and attitude on the practice of blood donation","authors":"M. Akpochafor, S. Adeneye, Akpolile Franklin Daniel, A. Omojola, A. Aweda","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V27I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V27I2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maintaining a constant supply of blood in the blood bank is essential to the practice of medicine today. Safe supplies can only be achieved by continual recruitment and retention of voluntary blood donors which is based on effective and efficient education/intervention. Aim: The study was aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation amongst adults in Mushin local government of Lagos and determining the factors which affect the practice of blood donation. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study involving 360 adults recruited using a multistage sampling technique. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to collected data on knowledge, attitude and practice. Data analysed using SPSS version 21. Frequency and percentages were calculated for categorical data and mean was determined for continuous data. Association was determined by unconditional logistic regression. Statistical significance was considered at P=0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 35.08± 11.6years and males accounted for 54.89% (194) of study population. Two hundred and forty three (67.5%) had adequate knowledge of blood donation while 315(87.5%) had a favourable attitude. Only 63(17.5%) had ever donated blood before. Males, who had adequate knowledge (AOR=7.128, CI=2.55-19.91), tertiary education (AOR=6.433, CI=2.084-19.85) and between the ages of 41-50years (AOR=6.027, CI=2.655-13.680) had greater odds of donating blood. Fear was the major deterrent to donation blood. Conclusion: The practice of blood donation was low. Key determinants for the practice of blood donation were male sex, adequacy of knowledge, tertiary education and age between 41 and 50years. Keywords: Voluntary non remunerated donors, knowledge, attitude, practice, blood donation","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"796-810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75471261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African mistletoe ( loranthaceae ) enhances spatial and non-spatial working memory in hypercholesterolemia model of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"M. Balogun, Eghonghon Olawepo-Adeoti, O. Kanma-Okafor, T. Olufunlayo","doi":"10.4314/nqjhm.v27i3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/nqjhm.v27i3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cholesterol is invaluable in the development and maintenance of the structural integrity of the brain. However, a disturbed cholesterol homeostasis and heightened level of cholesterol lead to memory deficit, a major cognitive hallmark of Alzheimer's dementia. African Mistletoe ( Loranthaceae ) has long been categorized as a traditional herbal medicine in Africa. In addition to its application in cancer therapy, mistletoe has also been used in the treatment of hypertensions, diabetes mellitus, and epilepsies in Africa. In the present study, we investigated the memory enhancing property in mouse hypercholesterolemia model of AD Materials and Methods: An experimental model of AD was established by feeding the mice with a high cholesterol diet and CuSO 4 -poisoned drinking water for 60 days. The  mice were subsequently treated with mistletoe methanolic extract preparation via oral administration (200 mg/kg daily for 15 days) or with normal saline (0.5 ml) as a Control. Behavioural changes were recorded with the Y-Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests. Histopathological changes were observed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma cholesterol levels were determined using colorimetric assay. With the aid of GraphPad Prism V.5.0 software, data were analysed using One-way ANOVA and Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple range and Benferroni post-tests, respectively. The level of statistical significance was put at p<0.05. Results: Memory deficits were recorded in animals following a high cholesterol diet and CuSO 4 - poisoned  drinking water compared with the Control; post treatment with African mistletoe significantly ameliorated memory deficits. Furthermore, histoarchitectural changes were observed in the AD model and marked restorations were seen after treatment with African mistletoe methanolic extract. Conclusion: The present investigation has demonstrated that methanolic extract of African mistletoe enhances memory following impairment induced by a high cholesterol diet feeding in mice.","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"849-855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83449599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of adults in a Nigerian community about cleft lip and palate","authors":"K. Musa, A. O. Onakoya, Aribaba Ot, A. Rotimi-Samuel, Akinsola Fb","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V26I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V26I1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cleft lip and palate in a congenital deformity, with a defect in lip, alveolus or palate. Objectives: To determine the perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of adults in a Nigerian community about Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP), and to determine the factors that affect the community’s perceptions, attitudes and beliefs. Methods: A 16 item interviewer-administered questionnaire was distributed to adults in the community. A 5-point likert scale was used to rate attitude to various aspect of CLP Results: 135 adults participated in the study. Most (77%) of the respondents were aware of CLP. Attempted abortion and smoking by the mother during pregnancy were perceived to cause CLP by 36.3% and 33.3% respectively while an “Act of God” was believed to be the aetiology by 23%. A small percentage (17%) believed it could be punishment from God, ancestors or spirits. Majority (77%) agreed that people with CLP are emotionally disturbed and 69% of the respondents concurred that people with CLP have difficulty making friends or getting married. The respondents showed favourable attitudes toward statements on need for CLP to see the doctor, against making jokes about CLP and hiding a child with CLP at home. Gender, religion, educational status and previous contact did not significantly affect their perceptions, attitudes and beliefs. Conclusion: The respondents have a poor perception of the aetiology of CLP. Some level of stigmatization exists towards CLP. There is need for sociocultural reorientation about CLP in the population studied. Keywords: cleft lip and palate, perceptions, attitudes, beliefs","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":"324-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74209849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among solid waste workers in Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"Tinuola Omotomilayo Odugbemi, M. O. Kayode, O. Akinmokun, Babatunde A. Odugbemi, A. O. Abiola","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V26I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V26I3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epidemiological studies have indicated an association between musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and physical work demands. Municipal Solid waste collection and disposal in most developing countries with inadequate or inappropriate waste management services and practices is physically demanding and increases the risk of MSDs among waste collectors. Objectives: This study determined the prevalence and self-perceived predisposing factors to MSDs amongst solid waste collectors in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to survey 200 solid waste collectors selected using multistage sampling method. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on prevalence of MSDs. Perceived risk factors were assessed using questions on ergonomic work factors. Data was analyzed using Epi-info version 3.5.1. Results: The prevalence of MSDs among the solid waste collectors was 71.0%. The main body segment affected was the trunk- lower back (42.0%) and neck (37.5%), followed by the shoulder (31.5%). The self-reported risk of musculoskeletal discomfort was increased with workrelated factors such as repetitive movement of body parts during work, working under extensive pressure and awkward positioning of body when working. Conclusion: Despite a high prevalence of MSDs, there was poor attitude in adopting preventive measures. These solid waste collectors need to be taught how to prevent musculoskeletal discomfort through good posturing, and how to access appropriate care. Keywords:  Low back pain, Solid Waste, Risk Factors, Occupational Illness","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"516-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78592658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of daily intake of beetroot juice on blood glucose and hormones in young healthy subjects","authors":"O. T. Ilo, T. O. Aribaba, T. S. Oluleye, O. A. Adenekan, Onakoya Ao, Akinsola Fb, O. Salako","doi":"10.4314/NQJHM.V26I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NQJHM.V26I2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hyperglycaemia occurs due to alteration in carbohydrate, fat or protein metabolism and hormones may be implicated. Millions of people now use medicinal plants to treat this condition. Objectives: To determine the potential hypoglycaemic properties of Beetroot ( Beta vulgaris ). Methods: Thirty subjects: (Eighteen males and twelve females) aged 19-29 years, BMI ≤ 25 received 10% Beetroot juice daily. The juice was administered after overnight fast (Phase I), daily for six weeks (Phase II) and two weeks wash out (Phase III). Serum glucose, cortisol, insulin and C-peptide were evaluated. Results: While the plasma glucose was significantly (p<0.05) reduced, serum C-peptide and insulin were down regulated with a concomitant increase in cortisol in the phase II compared to other phases. Conclusion: Daily consumption of 10% Beetroot juice reduced blood glucose which may be beneficial to diabetics and this is supported by the levels of Insulin, cortisol and C-peptide. Keywords: Beetroot , C-peptide, Glycaemic response, Insulin, Cortiso","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"455-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73718692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young peoples awareness and support for tobacco control legislation: A study among in-school youth in Lagos, Nigeria.","authors":"Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya, Jacob Obi Chife, Kofoworola A Odeyemi, Genevieve I Nwangwu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The increasing awareness of the health risks associated with tobacco use has led many countries to enact tobacco control legislation to protect citizens from the harmful effects of tobacco use. Young people are important stakeholders in many aspects of tobacco control legislation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study.aims to assess the awareness of existing tobacco control laws among young people, their attitudes towards these laws and the factors associated with youth awareness and support for tobacco control legislation in Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 950 students enrolled in six randomly selected public and private schools in the, Mushin local government area of Lagos state using a multi stage sampling method. The respondents completed a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire eliciting information on their awareness and support for tobacco control laws in selected thematicareas Data was analysed using SPSS 17.0 and presented as frequency tables and cross tabulations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Most of the participants were between 14-18 years of age (55.8%) with a mean age of 14.1 +/- 2.2 years. There were slightly more male than female respondents. About two-thirds of the respondents were aware that laws exist to regulate tobacco use in Nigeria. Specifically, more than 60% of the students knew that tobacco smoking was outlawed in schools, medical establishment, public vehicles and offices. Many were aware of the advert bans on tobacco products on television, newspapers, radio, magazines and cinemas. The respondents were however less informed of the penalties for violating tobacco restriction laws. Majority supported the law prohibiting cigarette smoking in health facilities (84.3%), schools (83.7%), public transportation (79.5%) and cinemas (76.3%). Relatively fewer (49.6%) respondents felt that smoking should be prohibited in bars, restaurants and nightclubs. A significant proportion believed that young people in Nigeria should not be allowed to buy (76.4%) or sell (76.1%) cigarettes. Few (13.7%) respondents did not support the law banning cigarette advertisement on mass forms of media. Similarly, 12.2% did not support the law allowing cigarette sponsorship and promotions by cigarette companies. Majority (83.7%) of the respondents agreed with the law banning the sale of cigarettes arouhd school premises while 66.2% supported the ban on sales of cigarettes in single sticks. Majority of the students (78.3%) agreed that health warnings should be placed on all cigarette packages while 62.5% agreed that the prices of cigarettes should be increased to discourage buyers. Up to 69.2% agreed that cigarette scenes should be prohibited in movies for kids. In general, majority (94.3%) of the respondents expressed a high level of support for tobacco related legislation. A bi-variate analysis showed students who received pocket money wer","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"25 3","pages":"193-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34638105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetanus remains a formidable health challenge in Nigeria: The experience from a single Teaching Hospital in Osun State, Nigeria.","authors":"A F Mustapha,&nbsp;B A Eegunranti,&nbsp;Mb B Fawale","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tetanus, though an eminently preventable disease still ranks as a leading cause of death in Nigeria as well as in other developing countries. Reported mortality for severe tetanus varies from 20-60% and depends on the availability and quality of intensive care. Farmers and artisans are mostly affected.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This retrospective study was carried out to determine the pattern of clinical presentation of tetanus, the immunization status, case fatality rate and factors influencing mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case notes of patients (age > 10 and above) managed for tetanus from 2004-2008 at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo were retrieved. Demographic, clinical data, laboratory investigation results and response to treatment were collated. The data obtained were analysed using the SPSS version 15 Statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 5-year period,80 cases of tetanus were managed in the medical wards of LAUTECH Hospital Teaching Osogbo. However, the medical records of 12 of them could not be retrieved, leaving 68(85%) for analysis. This comprised of 45 males and 23 females. Tetanus was highest in the third decade of life. The commonest portal of entry was the lower limb (n = 43). Only one subject was fully vaccinated and received booster dose of vaccine. Thirty-one (31)out of the 68 patients died giving a case fatality rate of 51.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mortality of tetanus is still very high from this retrospective study. The rate of immunization against tetanus was dismally low. Active immunization should be given to all Nigerians particularly those in the vulnerable group.</p>","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"25 3","pages":"151-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34475650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Skin Diseases in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome Infection in Paediatric HIV Clinic of A Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria.","authors":"B O Osinaike,&nbsp;E O Temiye,&nbsp;O Odusote,&nbsp;A O Akinsulie,&nbsp;E Iroha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV infection/AIDS being a multi-systemic disease affects the skin at various stages in course of the illness. A knowledge of the common skin diseases associated with HIV infection can lead to early detection, appropriate staging and commencement of appropriate care in the infected patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was to document the prevalence and pattern of skin diseases in children with HIV infection seen at the Paediatric department of a tertiary centre in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HIV positive children attending the PEPFAR HIV clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria were examined for the presence of skin lesions. Anthropometric measurements were also obtained. Blood samples Were taken for CD4+ cell count, viral load and full blood count.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and fourteen (214) patients were studied, consisting of 107 HIV infected children and 107 uninfected children as controls. Skin lesions were observed in 89 (83%) of the HIV infected patients, while only 72 uninfected controls had skin lesions. (p = 0.035). The predominant skin disease in the HIV infected children was Pruritic papular eruption (PPE) with a frequency of 25.9%, followed by fungal infections (24.6%). Herpes zoster was found only in HIV infected children (p = 0.041). There was a strong correlation between the degree of immunosuppression (as reflected by the value of age dependent CD4+ cell count/CD4+ percentage). and the prevalence of skin disease in the HIV infected patients. The presence of pruritic papular eruptions and Herpes zoster was associated with advanced immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Skin diseases are common in HIV infection in our environment. Early detection of HIV infection can be made in the presence of skin diseases like Pruritic papular eruption and Herpes zoster.</p>","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"25 3","pages":"164-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34475652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of HIV Screening Services and Sexual Behavior of In-School Adolescents in Surulere LGA, Lagos State.","authors":"A O Sekoni,&nbsp;E O Somefun,&nbsp;O O Fatoba,&nbsp;A T Onajole","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The health and development.of populations irrespective of where they live is dependent on their behaviour. Adolescents constitute a huge chunk of the global population. A high proportion of the burden of diseases therefore occur in this age group as well. The maturation process occurs throughout this period and behaviours adopted often last for life and are determinants of healthy adult life. High prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections including Human Immunodeficiency Virus has been documented in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was carried out to assess the use of HIV screening services and sexual behaviour of in-school adolescents in Surulere an urban community in Lagos State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross sectional descriptive study design was used. Simple random sampling was used to select 9 public senior secondary schools in Surulere Local Government Area. All the enrolled and willing students in SSS3 who were available during the period of data collection were included in the study (1,029). Information was collected with a self-adrministered questionnaire. Data analysis was done with Epi info version 3.5.4. Frequency tables were generated and analysis was explored using chi square at. p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 16 years. Majority of the students were in the 15-19 years age bracket, females, Christians and lived in monogamous homes. All the three arms namely commercial class, arts class and science class were included. Less than one tenth of the students 90 (8.9%) had been screened for HIV infection. Among this group., more than half had tested once and 37.8% tested because they had participated in risky behavior. Fifteen percent were sexually active, among this group 20% engaged in transactional sex. Only 36.8% used condom at first sex which increased to 57.2% at last sex, however consistent condom use was practiced by 22.4%. Students who are sexually experienced (p<0.001) were more likely to have been screened while those in science class (p=0.012) were more willing to screen for HIV. Male students were more likely to have had sex (p<0.001).Compared to Science and Commercial students, those in Arts class were more likely to have had sex (p=0.004), use condoms (p=0.017) and use it consistently (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though the adolescents in this study. engage in risky sexual behaviour, use of HCT services and other STI prevention strategies was poor. It is essential that young people have access to and utilize all HIV prevention tools at their disposal.</p>","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"25 3","pages":"202-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34638106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium status and infant birth weight among HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria.","authors":"Christian Chigozie Makwe,&nbsp;Francis Izuegbunam Nwabua,&nbsp;Rose Ihuoma Anorlu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During pregnancy, selenium deficiency and reduced antioxidant activities may result in adverse perinatal outcome such as low birthweight, which is associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality. Many studies have reported conflicting findings on the relationship between maternal selenium status and infant birth weight.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study is to determine the relationship between maternal serum selenium concentration and infant birthweight in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women at term.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study carried out among HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women at term. Participants were recruited from the antenatal clinic at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. After obtaining an informed consent, participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Five milliliters of venous blood sample was collected from each participant for estimation of selenium levels using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. At delivery, the infant birth weights were measured using a standard infant weighing scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 240 participants, data were complete for analysis in 214 (89.2%) of the participants. HIV-positive women had significantly lower mean serum selenium concentration when compared with HIV-negative women (33.7 +/- 22.2 pg/L versus 83.6 +/- 18.7 pg/L; p<0.01). Compared with HIV-negative women, the mean birth weight of infants of HIV positive women was significantly lower (2952 +/- 572 g versus 3392 +/- 452 g; p<0.01). There was no significant association between maternal serum selenium levels at term and infant birth weight in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIV-positive pregnant women had a lower mean serum selenium level and their infants had a lower mean birth weight, when compared to HIV-negative pregnant women. However, no significant association was found between maternal serum selenium concentration and birth weight in both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19202,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine","volume":"25 3","pages":"209-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34638111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}