Nottingham French Studies最新文献_第7页

A Neopicaresque Journey into Queer and Sex-Positivity: Wendy Delorme's Quatrième génération 进入酷儿和性积极性的新惊悚之旅:温迪·德洛姆的《第四人格》

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.3366/NFS.2021.0306

Michèle A. Schaal

引用次数: 1

Du constat de l'imbrication à la construction du réel: paysage fer de François Bon 从观察嵌套到构建现实：François Bon的Paysage Fer

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.3366/NFS.2021.0302

Dan Zhang

引用次数: 0

La Littérature de voyage à l'heure du numérique: Olivier Hodasava et Mathias Énard 数字时代的旅游文学:Olivier Hodasava和Mathias enard

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.3366/NFS.2021.0305

Mathilde Poizat-Amar

引用次数: 0

What Lies Concealed in the Roots of Cybernetics: The Renewal of Early Greek Thinking of Being as Physis in Martin Heidegger and Edgar Morin 控制论的根源中隐藏着什么:海德格尔和莫林对早期希腊物理存在思想的更新

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0297

H. Dicks

引用次数: 0

Back matter 回到问题

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0299

引用次数: 0

Encounters between Life and Language: Codes, Books, Machines and Cybernetics 生活与语言的相遇:代码、书籍、机器和控制论

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0293

B. Nerlich

{"title":"Encounters between Life and Language: Codes, Books, Machines and Cybernetics","authors":"B. Nerlich","doi":"10.3366/nfs.2020.0293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2020.0293","url":null,"abstract":"The histories of genetics and cybernetics overlapped in the mid-twentieth century. Both fields deal with dynamic systems, such as living organisms or machines that move, change and respond to the environment. It might therefore be expected that the metaphors used to research and communicate biological, genetic or genomic phenomena might take inspiration from cybernetics. Molecular biology was indeed inspired by cybernetics, but, surprisingly, the most popular metaphors used for research and communication were rooted in older fields of human endeavour, such as the Morse code, printing and machines. Such metaphors tended to foreground static and product aspects of biological phenomena, rather than dynamic and process ones. This made it difficult to talk widely about complexity, flexibility and dynamics, all aspects of biology (and cybernetics) that were well-known and well-studied. Modern-day biologists have noted this discrepancy between their research and the language used to talk about it, and are now calling for a new language, inspired amongst others by cybernetics, a language that, it is hoped, might capture the dynamic aspects of biology which some of the older metaphors tended to hide. In this article I survey (some of) the history of metaphors from the 1940s to 2019, focusing on the metaphors of the code (and information), the book and the machine. I attempt to show that cybernetics, although influencing the emergence of molecular biology, failed to inspire popular metaphors. Will modern biologists, taking inspiration from cybernetics to create not only a new science but also a new language, be more successful in this enterprise?","PeriodicalId":19182,"journal":{"name":"Nottingham French Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"311-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49019158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Introduction 介绍

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0290

J. Marks

引用次数: 0

La Télé-commande 遥控器

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0292

Yves Gilonne

{"title":"La Télé-commande","authors":"Yves Gilonne","doi":"10.3366/nfs.2020.0292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2020.0292","url":null,"abstract":"Nous proposons d’étudier comment l'acte de nomination de la cybernétique place la pensée au sein d'une analogie fondamentale ( kybernètes) entre « piloter » (un navire) et « gouverner », entraînant la réduction du champ conceptuel de « commandement » à celui de « contrôle » qui influe de façon déterminante sur nos conceptions de ce que « penser » veut dire. Nous replacerons cette analogie nautique au sein de son riche héritage philosophique, attesté au moins depuis Platon, afin d’évaluer comment le traitement cybernétique du concept-source de pilote se caractérise paradoxalement par l'effacement de son dispositif technique (capitaine, gouvernail, navire), entraînant la virtualisation de son appareil symbolique (pensée, langage, corps) et donc la réduction du concept-cible ( gouverner) à la notion de « contrôle ». La cybernétique opère ainsi un transfert de matérialité entre source et cible qui fait de gouverner un simple appareil technique dans l'oubli de la valeur différentielle de toute analogie qui tient précisément en la non-coïncidence de ses termes. Par « télé-commande » nous désignons le contrôle du programme de la raison réduite à une intelligence devenue artificielle et l'intégrisme de son circuit d'opération qui se renvoie un monde à son image. Nous verrons comment ce mode de pensée se caractérise par la réduction de l’écart entre input/output, source et cible, symbolisée notamment par les nouvelles technologies de contrôle à distance ( télé-commande). La notion de « contrôle » s'avère alors insuffisante pour modéliser le « gouvernement » de soi, des autres et du monde, invitant à une redéfinition de la notion de « commandement » en sa portée éthique.","PeriodicalId":19182,"journal":{"name":"Nottingham French Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"289-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42744155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

François Jacob: Bricolage and the Possible 弗朗索瓦·雅各布:拼贴和可能

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0294

J. Marks

{"title":"François Jacob: Bricolage and the Possible","authors":"J. Marks","doi":"10.3366/nfs.2020.0294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2020.0294","url":null,"abstract":"As well as his ground-breaking work in the field of molecular biology with Jacques Monod, François Jacob was a gifted and influential writer on science. His extraordinary capacity to make imaginative connections and to coin compelling metaphors informed both his work as a scientist and his writing on science. This article looks at the development of Jacob's distinctive constructivist conceptualization of science over the course of his career. Although Jacob was initially attracted to the metaphor of genetic material as a computer programme, he ultimately moved away from the mechanistic model of reproduction and evolution favoured by Monod. In a short paper published in the journal Science in 1977, he used the metaphor of bricolage as a way of conveying that biology evolution is a process of ‘tinkering’ with pre-existing materials rather than an elegant process of design. This conceptualization of the evolutionary process of building the new from the old has been highly influential in thinking on biology. In a more general sense, the concept of bricolage has a central role in Jacob's work, bringing together his thinking on evolution and science in general. The centrality of bricolage for Jacob positions him philosophically in many ways in the opposing camp to the Cartesian tradition, which was at the core of Monod's vision of science in the world.","PeriodicalId":19182,"journal":{"name":"Nottingham French Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"333-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47191535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Living as we Dream: Automatism and Automation from Surrealism to Stiegler 《梦想的生活:从超现实主义到斯蒂格勒的自动主义和自动化

IF 0.1 4区文学

Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3366/nfs.2020.0296

Madeleine R. Chalmers

{"title":"Living as we Dream: Automatism and Automation from Surrealism to Stiegler","authors":"Madeleine R. Chalmers","doi":"10.3366/nfs.2020.0296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2020.0296","url":null,"abstract":"In his 2011 French Studies article ‘Leroi-Gourhan and the Limits of the Human’, Chris Johnson traced André Leroi-Gourhan's ethnography of the imbrication of the biological, cultural, and technological in Le Geste et la parole (1964). Johnson placed special emphasis on how Leroi-Gourhan's narrative culminates in a speculative vision of a homo post-sapiens: a limit-experience in which our species evolves beyond the human as we understand it in an increasingly automated world. This article takes up the conceptual genealogy surrounding Leroi-Gourhan to focus on the interaction between his work and that of his unruly predecessor André Breton, and heir, Bernard Stiegler. Taking as its starting point the linguistic contagion of automatism and automation, it will argue that Stiegler's contemporary reflections on our ‘automatic society’ are rooted in a Bretonian surrealist preoccupation with the automatic – not as a category of alienation, but as a wellspring of creativity, dreams, and subjectivity unfurling in language. Understanding how contemporary French technocritical thought has filtered down from avant-garde artistic movements through anthropology in an unruly technocritical genealogy offers an opportunity to reclaim the notion of the automatic, and to reconfigure our expectations and plans for our technological future.","PeriodicalId":19182,"journal":{"name":"Nottingham French Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"368-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48848447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0