Journal of Ecology最新文献

Functional responses of Mediterranean flora to fire: A community-scale perspective

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14465

Bérangère A. Leys, Michelle Leydet, Eric Meineri, Arne Saatkamp, Cyrille Violle

引用次数: 0

Divergent resource-use strategies of encroaching shrubs: Can traits predict encroachment success in tallgrass prairie?

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14456

Emily R. Wedel, Zak Ratajczak, E. Greg Tooley, Jesse B. Nippert

引用次数: 0

Assemblies of leaf and root mycobiomes in a temperate grassland: Dispersal limitation overpowers selection

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14467

Ren Bai, Hang-Wei Hu, An-Hui Ge, Meng Zhou, Jun Sheng, Guangyuan Yuan, Wen-Hao Zhang, Wenming Bai

引用次数: 0

Multiple disturbances, multiple legacies: Fire, canopy gaps and deer jointly change the forest seed bank

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14459

Samuel P. Reed, Alejandro A. Royo, Walter P. Carson, Castilleja F. Olmsted, Lee E. Frelich, Peter B. Reich

{"title":"Multiple disturbances, multiple legacies: Fire, canopy gaps and deer jointly change the forest seed bank","authors":"Samuel P. Reed, Alejandro A. Royo, Walter P. Carson, Castilleja F. Olmsted, Lee E. Frelich, Peter B. Reich","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.14459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14459","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>1 INTRODUCTION</h2>\u0000Forests around the world have experienced substantial changes in their historic disturbance regimes with altered land use, climate change or forced removal of Indigenous peoples (Bowman et al., 2011; Gilliam, 2016; Götmark, 2013; Kelly et al., 2023). Many mesic temperate forests in North America, Europe and Asia have become more even aged, undergone severe fire suppression and experienced increased ungulate browsing (Carpio et al., 2021; Frelich, 2002; Hai et al., 2023; McDowell et al., 2020; Pascual-Rico et al., 2021). These altered conditions create adverse environments for the plant species that coevolved and depend on historic disturbance patterns, such as globally dispersed oak (Quercus) species (Carrero et al., 2020; Tinner et al., 2005). Changes in plant composition with altered disturbance regimes have led managers to restore or manipulate disturbance to support biodiversity and ecosystem function (Long, 2009; Stanturf et al., 2014). However, our understanding of how the reintroduction of multiple historic disturbances influences biodiversity is nascent and represents a key knowledge gap in our long-term management and restoration of temperate forest systems.\u0000Mesic North American forests are expansive ecosystems that have experienced dramatic alterations in their disturbance regimes over the last century (Abrams, 2005; Hanberry & Nowacki, 2016; Vander Yacht et al., 2020; Webster et al., 2018). This scenario is particularly acute in Appalachian hardwood forests, which have lost oak (Quercus spp.) tree regeneration and are transitioning to wetter, maple-dominated (Acer spp.) systems (Nowacki & Abrams, 2008; Pile Knapp et al., 2024). This transition from oak to maple forests was initiated by the forced removal of Indigenous peoples and their use of cultural burning as a management tool (Abrams et al., 2021; Pile Knapp et al., 2024; Poulos, 2015). This was followed by mass deforestation and slash wildfires in the late 19th and early 20th century (Lafon et al., 2017). Negative perceptions of these wildfires led to a century of state-sanctioned fire exclusion and suppression that favoured maple growth and wetter understories (Alexander et al., 2021; Arthur et al., 2021). As a result, Appalachian forests became dominated by even-aged stands with few mid-sized and large (>15-m diameter; >175 m2) canopy gaps and infrequent low-intensity fires (Clebsch & Busing, 1989; Nowacki & Abrams, 2008; Raymond et al., 2009). In regions of Appalachia, the fire return interval is now over 10,000 years, as opposed to t","PeriodicalId":191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to “Predicting intraspecific trait variation among California's grasses”

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14466

{"title":"Correction to “Predicting intraspecific trait variation among California's grasses”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.14466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14466","url":null,"abstract":"Sandel, B., Pavelka, C., Hayashi, T., et al. (2021) Predicting intraspecific trait variation among California's grasses. Journal of Ecology, 109, 2662–2677. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13673.\u0000In the paper by Sandel et al. (2021), an error has been identified in the code.\u0000The error was in generating the testing data subset for assessing random forest fit, causing it to not be independent of the training dataset. This affects Figures 3-5, and the corrected versions of these are included below. Table S3 has been updated in the article. The updated text referring to these figures in the section ‘3.2 Modelling ITV’ is also included below. The changes do not fundamentally alter the message of the paper.\u0000<figure><picture>\u0000<source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/a95ce570-b963-458a-ba8f-8032e33fc08f/jec14466-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/><img alt=\"Details are in the caption following the image\" data-lg-src=\"/cms/asset/a95ce570-b963-458a-ba8f-8032e33fc08f/jec14466-fig-0001-m.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/58c707eb-7764-4f13-910e-032b1da04aae/jec14466-fig-0001-m.png\" title=\"Details are in the caption following the image\"/></picture><figcaption>\u0000<div>FIGURE 3<div>Open in figure viewerPowerPoint</div>\u0000</div>\u0000<div>Improvements in model performance when adding variable groupings. Model performance was measured as the correlation between observed and predicted delta-trait values in the testing dataset. For each variable group, we take the mean performance of all models that included that variable group minus the mean performance for all models that excluded that variable. Climate variables were mean annual temperature and annual precipitation; local traits were local measures of specific leaf area (SLA), height or leaf area (LA) at a site, excluding the predicted measures (e.g. models predicting SLA were trained on Height and LA); species traits were the overall species means of SLA, height and LA; phylogeny was the first five phylogenetic Eigenvector maps; and species name is a categorical variable giving the species name.</div>\u0000</figcaption>\u0000</figure>\u00003.2 Modelling ITV\u0000Across all specifications of the random forest models, performance scores were very similar on the training and testing data subsets (on average, differing by <0.09, Table S3), suggesting little overfitting. When applied to the testing dataset, random forests containing all five predictor groups predicted values that were well correlated with the observed trait values (for delta-SLA: 0.74, SLA: 0.82, delta-Height: 0.67, Height = 0.88, delta-LA: 0.72, LA: 0.89, Table S3). Across all subsets of variable groups, other local traits (values of the non-focal trait from the local population, e.g. when predicting SLA, the Height of the plants) and climate were the most important groups for model performance (Figure 3). Species mean tra","PeriodicalId":191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology","volume":"111 3S 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Avian seed dispersal out of the forests: A view through the lens of Pleistocene landscapes

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14457

Juan P. González-Varo

{"title":"Avian seed dispersal out of the forests: A view through the lens of Pleistocene landscapes","authors":"Juan P. González-Varo","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.14457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14457","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>1 INTRODUCTION</h2>\u0000The way we tackle and interpret how ecological communities respond to anthropogenic impacts largely depends on our baseline, that is, on the scenarios we envisage prior to human intervention (Pausas & Bond, 2019; Vera, 2010). During the 19th and 20th centuries, the baseline for the temperate lowlands of Europe was a continuous primeval forest dominated by broadleaved deciduous trees (reviewed by Vera, 2000). This hypothesis was mainly founded on the observation that fields and meadows can spontaneously develop into forests after the abandonment of agriculture and livestock farming. The baseline of the primeval forest was challenged by Frans Vera (2000) in his influential book Grazing Ecology and Forest History where the author presented diverse and compelling evidence supporting an alternative hypothesis: grazing and browsing by extinct megaherbivores should have created and maintained wood pastures, which must have been a widespread landscape type in post-glacial temperate Europe (Vera, 2000). The book contains perspectives from succession ecology, plant regeneration, palynology, paleoecology, history and even linguistics (Vera, 2000). Recently, a large-scale palynological study (Pearce et al., 2023) has provided further support to Vera's hypothesis by estimating that light woodland (shade-intolerant taxa) and open vegetation covered more than half of European landscapes during the Last Interglacial period (129,000–116,000 years ago). In parallel, another study has estimated a loss of ~95% of community-wide biomass of European megafauna (wild terrestrial mammals ≥10 kg) since the Last Interglacial along with the loss of the largest species of megaherbivores, including elephants and rhinos (Davoli et al., 2024). In addition, a further palynological study suggests that the vegetation composition in the Last Interglacial is better explained by the role of megaherbivores than by fire regimes (Pearce et al., 2024).\u0000Hence, current evidence supports that the temperate zone of Europe was not a closed continuous forest, but a more heterogeneous biome with open vegetation (mainly grasslands), light woodlands and forests (Pearce et al., 2023) that held a diverse community of large herbivorous mammals (Davoli et al., 2024; Svenning et al., 2024). This is congruent with the fact that many temperate woody plants are light-demanding species that are often restricted to forest edges because they fail to regenerate in the shaded forest interiors (Vera, 2000). Moreover, many light-demanding plants are thorny (e.g. Berberis vulgaris, Crataegus spp., Prunus spinosa, Rosa spp., Rubus spp. and Ulex europaeus) or have prickly leaves (e.g. Ilex aquifolium and Juniperus spp.). These are defensive traits a","PeriodicalId":191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coordinated variation in elemental composition and morphology in leaves, but independence in roots across Chinese grasslands

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14464

Chao Wang, Yan Geng, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Jin-Sheng He

引用次数: 0

Herbivory resistance in dwarf shrubs combines with simulated warming to shift phenology and decrease reproduction

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14462

Mark A. K. Gillespie, Stein Joar Hegland

{"title":"Herbivory resistance in dwarf shrubs combines with simulated warming to shift phenology and decrease reproduction","authors":"Mark A. K. Gillespie, Stein Joar Hegland","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.14462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14462","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>1 INTRODUCTION</h2>\u0000In response to recent climate change, many plants have altered the timing of life-history stages (phenology), with events such as budburst, flowering and fruiting occurring much earlier than pre-industrial records (CaraDonna et al., 2014; Parmesan, 2006). Although the magnitude and direction of responses may be species specific (CaraDonna et al., 2014; Collins et al., 2021), the overwhelming pattern is cause for concern due to the unprecedented rate at which organisms at all trophic levels are changing. Differential responses may lead to asynchrony between interacting species (Both et al., 2009; Burkle et al., 2013; Hegland et al., 2009), and more research is required to enhance our understanding of the demographic impacts, such as those on reproductive success (CaraDonna et al., 2014; Forrest & Miller-Rushing, 2010; Iler et al., 2021). Furthermore, while phenological changes are typically linked in studies to bottom-up factors, such as genetics or climatic cues (Forrest & Miller-Rushing, 2010), plant vegetative and flowering phenology can be advanced or delayed by top-down stressors such as herbivory (Poveda et al., 2003; Tadey, 2020; Zhu et al., 2016). As increased herbivory and more frequent insect outbreaks have been hypothesised as consequences of a warming world (Hamann et al., 2021; Tylianakis et al., 2008), more experimental studies are needed to explore the combined effects of abiotic and biotic stressors.\u0000Typically, research focusses on well-established climatic cues of phenological change. The accumulation of heat (e.g. degree days) is well documented as a predictor of flowering (Jackson, 1966; Miller-Rushing et al., 2007), and many temperate plants also have a winter chilling requirement that restricts emergence to springtime (Morin et al., 2009). In alpine conditions and at high latitudes, snow cover and snow melt dates provide important abiotic controls to winter survival and emergence phenology (CaraDonna et al., 2014; Iler et al., 2013). By contrast, herbivory is often considered to impact plant performance directly by reducing biomass, removing photosynthetic and/or reproductive tissue and negatively affecting fitness (Barrio et al., 2017; Bustos-Segura et al., 2021; Moreira et al., 2019; Rasmussen & Yang, 2023), although compensatory responses are also common (e.g. Lemoine et al., 2017; Poveda et al., 2003). However, additional impacts of herbivory also occur when plants under attack redirect resources from growth and reproduction to defence in an effort to improve herbivory ‘resistance’ (Benevenuto et al., 2020), and the alte","PeriodicalId":191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microclimatic variation regulates seed germination phenology in alpine plant communities

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14461

C. Espinosa del Alba, E. Fernández-Pascual, B. Jiménez-Alfaro

{"title":"Microclimatic variation regulates seed germination phenology in alpine plant communities","authors":"C. Espinosa del Alba, E. Fernández-Pascual, B. Jiménez-Alfaro","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.14461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14461","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>1 INTRODUCTION</h2>\u0000Plant phenology describes the cyclical patterns of growth and developmental phases (Hopp, 1974) which are responsive to climate change (Scranton & Amarasekare, 2017). In seasonal climates, plant reproductive strategies and phenology have strong implications for species fitness, which in turn affect community composition (Donohue, 2005; Poschlod et al., 2013). Studies focusing on reproductive phenology have centred on flowering time, seed maturation and dispersal onset, describing a fast-slow continuum of reproductive phenology (Segrestin et al., 2018, 2020). Comparatively few studies have focused on germination phenology, despite being a sensitive and irreversible process fundamental for regeneration (Baskin & Baskin, 2014). Early season germination can benefit individuals with longer growing seasons (Donohue et al., 2010) and give a competitive edge in the use of limited resources versus individuals germinating later (Verdú & Traveset, 2005). However, early germination also involves higher mortality risks (Thomson et al., 2017) due to warm spells or frost events compared to a more conservative strategy of delayed germination (ten Brink et al., 2020). Germination phenology is therefore a key trait for regeneration, influencing population and community dynamics in response to environmental changes (Huang et al., 2016; Kimball et al., 2011; Levine et al., 2011). Common adaptations to regulate germination phenology include bet-hedging strategies that spread mortality risk with several germination pulses (Simons, 2011); responses to environmental cues that trigger germination under a certain amount of temperature, moisture or light (Baskin & Baskin, 2014; Donohue et al., 2010); or a combination of both (Graham et al., 2014).\u0000Germination phenology has been studied in annual species from unpredictable water-dependent communities (Gremer & Venable, 2014; Kimball et al., 2011; ten Brink et al., 2020; Thomson et al., 2017), but environmental regulation of germination phenology is also expected in other systems influenced by seasonality and climate change (Walck et al., 2011). One important example is found in alpine and arctic ecosystems, where seed production and germination are strongly influenced by microclimatic conditions (Mondoni et al., 2022). Alpine areas are characterized by short growing seasons and display changing climatic conditions at different spatial scales (Körner, 2021). Under these circumstances, germination phenology is of vital importance to match favourable conditions and to prevent unsuitable winter climate during seed regeneration (Gremer et al., 2020</s","PeriodicalId":191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Elevational differentiation occurs alongside high plasticity in a general-purpose genotype invasive plant

IF 5.5 1区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14455

Aaron Millar, Hazel Chapman

引用次数: 0