Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation最新文献

{"title":"Global structures, practices, and tools for provision of hemodialysis.","authors":"Htay Htay, Yeoungjee Cho, Vivekanand Jha, Emily See, Silvia Arruebo, Fergus J Caskey, Sandrine Damster, Jo-Ann Donner, Adeera Levin, Masaomi Nangaku, Syed Saad, Marcello Tonelli, Feng Ye, Ikechi G Okpechi, Aminu K Bello, David W Johnson","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemodialysis (HD) is the most commonly utilized modality for kidney replacement therapy worldwide. This study assesses the organizational structures, availability, accessibility, affordability and quality of HD care worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study relied on desk research data as well as survey data from stakeholders (clinicians, policymakers and patient advocates) from countries affiliated with the International Society of Nephrology from July to September 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 167 countries or jurisdictions participated in the survey. In-center HD was available in 98% of countries with a median global prevalence of 322.7 [interquartile range (IQR) 76.3-648.8] per million population (pmp), ranging from 12.2 (IQR 3.9-103.0) pmp in Africa to 1575 (IQR 282.2-2106.8) pmp in North and East Asia. Overall, home HD was available in 30% of countries, mostly in countries of Western Europe (82%). In 74% of countries, more than half of people with kidney failure were able to access HD. HD centers increased with increasing country income levels from 0.31 pmp in low-income countries to 9.31 pmp in high-income countries. Overall, the annual cost of in-center HD was US$19 380.3 (IQR 11 817.6-38 005.4), and was highest in North America and the Caribbean (US$39 825.9) and lowest in South Asia (US$4310.2). In 19% of countries, HD services could not be accessed by children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows significant variations that have remained consistent over the years in availability, access and affordability of HD across countries with severe limitations in lower-resourced countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global view on kidney care.","authors":"Natalie Staplin","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global assessment of kidney care workforce.","authors":"Ikechi G Okpechi, Sri Lekha Tummalapalli, Mogamat-Yazied Chothia, Stephen M Sozio, Somkanya Tungsanga, Fergus J Caskey, Parnian Riaz, Oluwatoyin I Ameh, Silvia Arruebo, Sandrine Damster, Jo-Ann Donner, Vivekanand Jha, Adeera Levin, Masaomi Nangaku, Syed Saad, Marcello Tonelli, Feng Ye, Aminu K Bello, David W Johnson","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An adequate workforce is needed to guarantee optimal kidney care. We used the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) to provide an assessment of the global kidney care workforce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multinational cross-sectional survey to evaluate the global capacity of kidney care and assessed data on the number of adult and paediatric nephrologists, the number of trainees in nephrology and shortages of various cadres of the workforce for kidney care. Data are presented according to the ISN region and World Bank income categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, stakeholders from 167 countries responded to the survey. The median global prevalence of nephrologists was 11.75 per million population (pmp) (interquartile range [IQR] 1.78-24.76). Four regions had median nephrologist prevalences below the global median: Africa (1.12 pmp), South Asia (1.81 pmp), Oceania and Southeast Asia (3.18 pmp) and newly independent states and Russia (9.78 pmp). The overall prevalence of paediatric nephrologists was 0.69 pmp (IQR 0.03-1.78), while overall nephrology trainee prevalence was 1.15 pmp (IQR 0.18-3.81), with significant variations across both regions and World Bank income groups. More than half of the countries reported shortages of transplant surgeons (65%), nephrologists (64%), vascular access coordinators (59%), dialysis nurses (58%) and interventional radiologists (54%), with severe shortages reported in low- and lower-middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are significant limitations in the available kidney care workforce in large parts of the world. To ensure the delivery of optimal kidney care worldwide, it is essential to develop national and international strategies and training capacity to address workforce shortages.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Alkalosis Treatment Standard.","authors":"Biff F Palmer, Deborah J Clegg","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The kidney is poised to defend against development of metabolic alkalosis through non-adaptive mechanisms in the proximal nephron and adaptive processes in the distal nephron. Despite a prodigious capacity to excrete base, metabolic alkalosis is the most common acid-base disturbance in hospitalized patients. Development of this disorder requires pathophysiologic changes leading to generation of new HCO3- combined with an augmentation in the capacity of the kidney to reclaim filtered HCO3-. The initial approach to these patients is careful assessment of effective arterial blood volume focusing on the physical examination and urine electrolytes. Identifying the mechanisms by which the kidney's ability to correct alkalosis are perturbed provides an understanding of the clinical approach to differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment. While metabolic alkalosis is frequently not dangerous, in certain settings, metabolic alkalosis may contribute to mortality and should be aggressively managed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and outcomes of kidney replacement therapy for end-stage kidney disease due to primary glomerular disease in Europe: findings from the ERA Registry.","authors":"Samar Abd ElHafeez, Anneke Kramer, Mustafa Arici, Miha Arnol, Anders Åsberg, Samira Bell, Julie Belliere, Carmen Díaz Corte, Gema Fernández Fresnedo, Marc Hemmelder, Line Heylen, Kristine Hommel, Julia Kerschbaum, Radomir Naumović, Dorothea Nitsch, Rafael Santamaria, Patrik Finne, Runolfur Palsson, Maria Pippias, Halima Resic, Mai Rosenberg, Carmen Santiuste de Pablos, Mårten Segelmark, Søren Schwartz Sørensen, Maria Jose Soler, Enrico Vidal, Kitty J Jager, Alberto Ortiz, Vianda S Stel","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ndt/gfae034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary glomerular disease (PGD) is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) leading to kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We aimed to describe incidence (trends) in individuals starting KRT for ESKD due to PGD and to examine their survival and causes of death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the European Renal Association (ERA) Registry on 69 854 patients who started KRT for ESKD due to PGD between 2000 and 2019. ERA primary renal disease codes were used to define six PGD subgroups. We examined age and sex standardized incidence, trend of the incidence and survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The standardized incidence of KRT for ESKD due to PGD was 16.6 per million population (pmp), ranging from 8.6 pmp in Serbia to 20.0 pmp in France. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) had the highest incidences, of 4.6 pmp and 2.6 pmp, respectively. Histologically non-examined PGDs represented over 50% of cases in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Romania and were also common in Greece, Estonia, Belgium and Sweden. The incidence declined from 18.6 pmp in 2000 to 14.5 pmp in 2013, after which it stabilized. All PGD subgroups had 5-year survival probabilities above 50%, with crescentic glomerulonephritis having the highest risk of death [adjusted hazard ratio 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.6-1.9)] compared with IgAN. Cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death (33.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of KRT for ESKD due to PGD showed large differences between countries and was highest and increasing for IgAN and FSGS. Lack of kidney biopsy facilities in some countries may have affected accurate assignment of the cause of ESKD. The recognition of the incidence and outcomes of KRT among different PGD subgroups may contribute to a more individualized patient care approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcome of kidney function in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.","authors":"Beatriz Sachez-Alamo, Laura Moi, Ingeborg Bajema, Annelies Berden, Oliver Flossmann, Zdenka Hruskova, David Jayne, Maria Wester-Trejo, Carin Wallquist, Kerstin Westman","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ndt/gfae018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney involvement is common in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and the prognosis is determined by the severity of kidney damage. This study focused on long-term kidney outcomes, defining possible risk factors and comparing the performance of three different histological classifications to predict outcomes for patients with AAV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The dataset included 848 patients with newly diagnosed AAV who participated in seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (1995-2012). Follow-up information was obtained from questionnaires sent to the principal investigators of the original RCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) at 5 and 10 years was 17% and 22%, respectively. Patients who developed ESKD had reduced patient survival compared with those with preserved kidney function (hazard ratio 2.8, P < .001). Comparing patients with AAV and kidney involvement with a matched general population, patients with AAV had poor survival outcomes, even in early stages of chronic kidney disease. The main cause of death was infection followed by cardiovascular disease in patients developing ESKD and malignancy in those who did not. Some 34% of patients with initial need for dialysis recovered kidney function after treatment. Thirty-five out of 175 in need of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) during follow-up received a kidney transplant with good outcome; there was 86% patient survival at 10 years.In the subcohort of 214 patients with available kidney biopsies, three scoring systems were tested: the Berden classification, the Renal Risk Score and the Mayo Clinic Score. The scores highlighted the importance of normal glomeruli and severe glomerulosclerosis on kidney survival (P < .001 and P = .001, respectively). The Renal Risk Score demonstrated a moderate prediction of kidney survival (area under the curve 0.79; standard error 0.03, 95% confidence interval 0.71-0.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early diagnosis of AAV is extremely important. Even milder forms of kidney involvement have an impact on the prognosis. Patients in need of KRT had the lowest survival rates, but kidney transplantation has shown favorable outcomes for eligible AAV patients. The three histologic scoring systems were all identified as independent prognostic factors for kidney outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive deficits associate with cerebral hypoxia during hemodialysis.","authors":"Dawn F Wolfgram, Wesley T Richerson, Anne M Murray, Brian D Schmit","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae101","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ndt/gfae101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical challenges of clinical innovations and medical progress.","authors":"Valerie A Luyckx","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ndt/gfae067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline (Suspicious for) T cell-mediated rejection, the Banff classification's Achilles' heel.","authors":"Myrthe van Baardwijk, Anne Wagenmakers, Thierry P P van den Bosch, Dennis A Hesselink, Alexandre Loupy, Rafael Kramann, Jean-Paul Duong van Huyen, Marion Rabant, Marian C Clahsen-van Groningen","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The kidney-skeletal muscle-heart axis in chronic kidney disease: implications for myokines.","authors":"Borja Quiroga, Javier Díez","doi":"10.1093/ndt/gfae193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myokines are signalling moieties released by the skeletal muscle in response to acute and/or chronic exercise, which exert their beneficial or detrimental effects through paracrine and/or autocrine pathways on the own muscle and through endocrine pathways in many other organs (e.g. the heart). Interestingly, alterations in myokines have been described in patients with heart failure (HF) that are associated with adverse structural and functional left ventricular remodelling and poor cardiac outcomes. Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that the muscle regulation of a number of myokines is altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD) thus representing a new molecular aspect of the pathophysiology of skeletal myopathy present in patients with CKD. Muscle dysregulation of myokines may contribute to a number of disorders in non-dialysis and dialysis patients with CKD, including the high risk of developing HF. This possibility would translate into a range of new diagnostic and therapeutic options. In fact, the measurement of circulating myokines opens their possible usefulness as biomarkers to personalize exercise training and pharmacological therapies for the prevetion and treatment of HF in patients with CKD and skeletal myopathy. This review will analyze information on some myokines that target the heart and are altered at the level of skeletal muscle and circulation in patients with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19078,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}