RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety最新文献_第9页

Analytical review of modern studies of changes in the biotic components of the carbon cycle 碳循环中生物组分变化的现代研究分析综述

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-428-438

A. Kurbatova

{"title":"Analytical review of modern studies of changes in the biotic components of the carbon cycle","authors":"A. Kurbatova","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-428-438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-428-438","url":null,"abstract":"The research on changes in the spatial-temporal dynamics of carbon in natural ecosystems on land is explored. The works of Russian and foreign authors on the analysis of the depositing ability of the cover are presented. Works on biomass reserves and primary production of biogeocenoses, research in the field of mathematical modeling of the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems using remote sensing data are described. The article discusses modern approaches to mathematical modeling of productive processes and biological cycles of elements in plant ecosystems. The contribution of Russian and foreign authors to the spatial-temporal dynamics of carbon is analyzed. The research data in the assessment of the sequestration capacity of plant ecosystems, as the role of an ecosystem function, performing the function of a climatic ensemble of the state of the atmosphere is given. The various modeling-based methods for assessing and forecasting carbon stocks in forests, which have received international recognition, are presented, and the role of climate in managed forests in mitigating changes and predicting their carbon storage potential for the period up to 2050 under different forest management scenarios is examined. Among them: ISIS IIASA (Austria), EFIMOD + ROMUL (Russia), ROBUL (Russia), Information System for Determination and Mapping of Carbon Deposition by Forests (Russia, UGFTU), CBM-CFS3 (Canadian Forest Service), FORCARB2 (US Forest Service). The works based on the spatial model of the carbon cycle in the atmosphere - plant - soil system (A.M. Tarko) of the Computing Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, used to assess the absorption potential in various regions of the world, are outlined.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117066948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Monitoring of the erosion processes and the vegetation cover of the reclaimed landfill solid municipal waste 监测回收的堆填区固体城市废物的侵蚀过程和植被覆盖情况

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-225-236

S. Krasnoperova, Elena Borisova

{"title":"Monitoring of the erosion processes and the vegetation cover of the reclaimed landfill solid municipal waste","authors":"S. Krasnoperova, Elena Borisova","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-225-236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-225-236","url":null,"abstract":"Depositing of the solid municipal waste in landfills that do not provide for a set of measures to protect the environment from negative impacts leads to significant pollution of ecosystem components: soil cover, surface and underground water, plant and animal life. One of the most dangerous components in waste disposal is filtrate, which includes nitrate and nitrite ions, as well as many heavy metals. The study of chemical analysis of the filtrate of multiple landfills and landfills shows that there are biologically dangerous organic substances, various compounds of nitrogen and sulfur forms, heavy metal ions, and pathogenic media that exceed the maximum permissible concentrations in the places where waste is deposited. It follows that the implementation of effective environmental measures necessary to control the state of wildlife components in places where solid municipal waste is buried, which reduces the adverse impact on the environment, is the most urgent problem. In the course of the study, erosion processes and the state of vegetation cover of the reclaimed SMW landfill along the Sarapulsky tract were monitored. Its levels of environmental hazard were identified.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"17 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129179148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biotesting of cultivation zoocompost of Hermetia illucens larvae 黄颡鱼幼虫养殖动物堆肥的生物试验

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-324-335

E. Goncharova, Ivan R. Kurzenev, M. Vasilenko, E. A. Pendyurin

引用次数: 0

Ecological consciousness of the XXI century human and the ways of its verbalization in the media discourse environment 二十一世纪人类的生态意识及其在媒介话语环境中的言语化方式

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-370-380

A. Guslyakova, N. Guslyakova, N. Valeeva

{"title":"Ecological consciousness of the XXI century human and the ways of its verbalization in the media discourse environment","authors":"A. Guslyakova, N. Guslyakova, N. Valeeva","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-370-380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-370-380","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims at studying and analyzing the language implementation of the development of peoples ecological consciousness in the present-day Russian and English-speaking media discourse environment. The modern media discourse has become an important source of various environmental lexical units which can affect peoples consciousness and change their behavior in a more eco-friendly way. The research is based on two parallel and opposite scientific approaches integrated in the media discourse which are ecologisation and anthropocentrism. The study is built on the analysis of the language models of ecological issues in different popular national and international media editions of Russia and English-speaking countries; in TV documentaries; on YouTube channels; in eco-friendly bloggers speeches and texts. The findings of the research showed that the media discourse environment is actively inculcating green ideas into peoples consciousness today both in Russia and abroad. More people are trying to follow the conscious consumption lifestyle. The media language is also becoming an important tool in introducing new environmental lexical units - neologisms - which are easily disseminated in the media discourse space and are actively being adopted by society. Overall, this research has confirmed the idea that the present-day language of the media discourse space is a powerful mediator of a new life sustainable development philosophy which helps human consciousness evolve in an eco-friendly way and try to make our planet a safer, healthier and more comfortable place for living.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129254826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessing the georeferencing accuracy of different amount of image stripes for linear UAV projects 线性无人机项目不同图像条纹量的地理参考精度评估

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-381-396

Amr Mahmoud El Sheshtawy, Anatoly N. Limonov, Larisa A. Gavrilova, M. Elshewy

{"title":"Assessing the georeferencing accuracy of different amount of image stripes for linear UAV projects","authors":"Amr Mahmoud El Sheshtawy, Anatoly N. Limonov, Larisa A. Gavrilova, M. Elshewy","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-381-396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-381-396","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the results of photogrammetric processing of images obtained from UAVs (orthophoto mosaics, digital elevation models, etc.) are widely used for environmental studies. Such materials are especially relevant and in demand for environmental monitoring of hard-to-reach objects. In addition, UAV survey materials are indispensable for impact monitoring, in which observation, assessment and forecast of the state of the natural environment in areas where hazardous and potentially hazardous (NPP) sources of anthropogenic impact are located are carried out. Regardless of the method of georeferencing of images - direct or indirect - the accuracy of the generated product is evaluated by ground control points. The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of photogrammetric constructions depending on the number of strips when surveying linear objects from UAVs and on the number of control points used in indirect georeferencing. Five groups of experiments were carried out during the study, three in each group with a different number of strips (from one to three). Five groups are conventionally combined into two sections. In the first section, direct and indirect georeferencing techniques were used with three locally located control points. In the second section, the method of indirect georeferencing was used with a different number of ground control points: six, twelve and thirty-four. Estimates of the accuracy of various tests have shown that an increase in the number of strips does not always lead to an increase in accuracy.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hazard indicators of urban soil contamination with polycyclic hydrocarbons on the example of monitoring results of the RUDN campus 城市土壤多环烃污染危害指标——以北京人民大学校园监测结果为例

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-2-112-130

M. Redina, A. Khaustov, Xiangkai Li, Zhandos D. Kenzhin, Polina Yu. Silaeva

{"title":"Hazard indicators of urban soil contamination with polycyclic hydrocarbons on the example of monitoring results of the RUDN campus","authors":"M. Redina, A. Khaustov, Xiangkai Li, Zhandos D. Kenzhin, Polina Yu. Silaeva","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-2-112-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-2-112-130","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics of the hazard of urban soils pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered: naphthalene (Naph), anthracene (An), phenanthrene (Phen), pyrene (Py), fluoranthene (Flu), chrysene (Chr), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), dibenzo[ah]antracene (DBa), benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene). On the example of monitoring data on the RUDN University campus and the adjacent South-West Forest Park, modern approaches to assessing the hazard of pollution levels and the environmental risk of soil pollution are demonstrated: RQ indicators, total relative toxicity in comparison to BaP, carcinogenic risk, behavior of the representative PAHs. On the basis of a critical analysis of the pollution indicators, the optimal approaches to assessing the danger of the presence of polyarenes in the soils of urban areas are demonstrated. The leading sources of pollution (influence of vehicles) were identified. Different levels of environmental hazard of polyarene soil contamination in different functional zones of the analyzed territory are demonstrated: relatively clear territory in the middle zone of the park and a specific configuration of the pollution field on the rest of the territory. The necessity of developing ecosystem standards for urban natural complexes is justified, taking into account the individual characteristics of soils, the role of soil microbiota, the specificity of the use of the territory and the characteristics of pollution sources.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122263685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Assessment of the open-mining prevalence on the territory of Moscow region 莫斯科地区露天采矿盛行程度评估

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-4-349-360

Ksenia Naumova, Наумова Ксения Олеговна, E. Stanis, Станис Елена Владимировна

引用次数: 0

Ecological consequences in forest stands subject to anthropogenic impact during logging and transport operations 在采伐和运输过程中受到人为影响的林分的生态后果

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-1-7-18

A. Abuzov, N. V. Kazakov

引用次数: 0

Remote monitoring of green plants of Ufa in 1988-2018 1988-2018年乌法绿色植物遥感监测

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-263-274

I. Rakhmatullina, Рахматуллина Ирина Римилевна, Z. Rakhmatullin, Рахматуллин Загир Забирович, A. Kulagin, Кулагин Алексей Юрьевич

{"title":"Remote monitoring of green plants of Ufa in 1988-2018","authors":"I. Rakhmatullina, Рахматуллина Ирина Римилевна, Z. Rakhmatullin, Рахматуллин Загир Забирович, A. Kulagin, Кулагин Алексей Юрьевич","doi":"10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-263-274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-263-274","url":null,"abstract":"Green spaces of the city are an integral part of its ecological framework. When planning urban space, information is needed on their actual distribution, condition and dynamics. To do this, it is advisable to use satellite images. The purpose of the work is to conduct remote monitoring of green spaces of Ufa using Landsat satellite images over the past 30 years. Image processing, including radiometric calibration, reducing the amount of data from 6 channels to 3 main components, uncontrolled classification of images, grouping classes to 5 types of underlying surface (open soil, no vegetation, grassy vegetation, tree and shrub vegetation, underwater), matrix construction changes were made using the tools of the SAGA GIS software product. As a result, a map was constructed showing spatial changes of the tree-shrub vegetation type over 30 years. The plots on which this type is preserved make up 16 073 ha, on which it was replaced by another type of underlying surface - 3700 ha. Plots characterized in 1988 by other types, and in 2018 converted to the tree-shrub vegetation type, occupy 8665 ha. On the one hand, there is a positive trend in the conservation and increase in the area of tree-shrub plantings. But this is not characteristic of the entire urban district, but mainly of the forests of the Ufa urban forestry, which are located mainly on the outskirts, around the central part of the city. For intracity tree-shrub plantings that are not related to the forest fund and located in the built-up part of the city, stable negative dynamics and a change in other types of underlying surface are characteristic.","PeriodicalId":190056,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132171081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Anthropogenic impact on the Himalayan marmot population in Nepal 尼泊尔喜马拉雅旱獭种群的人为影响

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-2-153-159

A. Nikol’skii, E. Vanisova

引用次数: 0