{"title":"Autophagy-Activating Nanoautophagosome-Tethering Compounds for Targeted Protein Degradation Specifically in Tumor Cells","authors":"Mengchen Xu, Jiajing Chen, Shuyu Wang, Linlin Xu, Xiaohui Wu, Jinpu Yu, Feihe Ma, Linqi Shi","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00789","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagosome-tethering compounds (ATTECs) represent an emerging targeted protein degradation (TPD) technology that directly draws intracellular proteins of interest (POIs) into autolysosomes. Although ATTECs are currently dominated by small molecules, the poor cell-type specificity and pharmacokinetic profile limit their applications in certain diseases. Moreover, the suboptimal intrinsic autophagic activity of cells affects the ATTECs-mediated degradation capability. Here we develop a nano-ATTEC system using our unique mixed-shell polymeric micelle (MSPM)-based nanoplatform for tumor-specific degradation of POIs. We demonstrate that the MSPMs-based nano-ATTEC is efficiently taken up by tumor cells in the acidic tumor microenvironment and to degrade POIs, rather than by normal cells under physiological conditions. More importantly, we find that this nano-ATTEC can not only target autolysosomes but also robustly enhance the autophagy activity, thereby establishing a positive feedback mechanism based on the autophagy pathway for efficient degradation of POIs. We believe that this MSPMs-based nano-ATTEC will find broad applications in tumor therapy.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autophagy-Activating Nanoautophagosome-Tethering Compounds for Targeted Protein Degradation Specifically in Tumor Cells","authors":"Mengchen Xu, Jiajing Chen, Shuyu Wang, Linlin Xu, Xiaohui Wu, Jinpu Yu*, Feihe Ma* and Linqi Shi*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c0078910.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00789https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00789","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Autophagosome-tethering compounds (ATTECs) represent an emerging targeted protein degradation (TPD) technology that directly draws intracellular proteins of interest (POIs) into autolysosomes. Although ATTECs are currently dominated by small molecules, the poor cell-type specificity and pharmacokinetic profile limit their applications in certain diseases. Moreover, the suboptimal intrinsic autophagic activity of cells affects the ATTECs-mediated degradation capability. Here we develop a nano-ATTEC system using our unique mixed-shell polymeric micelle (MSPM)-based nanoplatform for tumor-specific degradation of POIs. We demonstrate that the MSPMs-based nano-ATTEC is efficiently taken up by tumor cells in the acidic tumor microenvironment and to degrade POIs, rather than by normal cells under physiological conditions. More importantly, we find that this nano-ATTEC can not only target autolysosomes but also robustly enhance the autophagy activity, thereby establishing a positive feedback mechanism based on the autophagy pathway for efficient degradation of POIs. We believe that this MSPMs-based nano-ATTEC will find broad applications in tumor therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"14 3","pages":"250–257 250–257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726
Bin Lu, Kohei Takahashi, Kyoko Nozaki
{"title":"High Carbon Recovery in Photocatalytic Degradation of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE): Blend with Stearic Acid as a Radical Source","authors":"Bin Lu, Kohei Takahashi, Kyoko Nozaki","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726","url":null,"abstract":"A blend of high-density polyethylene (HDPE, <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 59.4 kDa) and stearic acid was efficiently degraded under cerium catalyzed photodecarboxylation conditions, and the molecular weight decreased to <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = ∼5 kDa. The reaction proceeds at 100 °C in <i>tert</i>-butylnitrile (<sup><i>t</i></sup>BuCN) in air, where HDPE does not dissolve or swell. The products are solid material with >90% weight recovery of the starting HDPE + stearic acid. Control experiments supported that carbon radicals generated by cerium-catalyzed photodecarboxylation of stearic acid transferred to the main chain of the HDPE, which undergoes oxidative degradation to lower the molecular weight.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00009
Dimitra Mantzara, Richard Whitfield, Hyun Suk Wang, Nghia P. Truong, Athina Anastasaki
{"title":"Ultrafast Thermal RAFT Depolymerization at Higher Solid Contents","authors":"Dimitra Mantzara, Richard Whitfield, Hyun Suk Wang, Nghia P. Truong, Athina Anastasaki","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00009","url":null,"abstract":"Although thermal solution RAFT depolymerization has recently emerged as an efficient chemical recycling methodology, current approaches require specialized solvents (i.e., dioxane), typically suffer from extended reaction times, and operate exclusively under highly dilute conditions (i.e., 5 mM repeat unit concentration). To circumvent these limitations, a commercial radical initiator is introduced to kinetically untrap the depolymerization and promote chain-end activation. By varying the initiator concentration, a remarkable rate acceleration (up to 72 times faster) can be observed, enabling the completion of the depolymerization within 5 min. Notably, a 20-fold increase in the repeat unit concentration did not appreciably compromise the final depolymerization yield, while very high percentages of monomer could be recovered in a wide range of solvents, including dimethyl sulfoxide, anisole, xylene, acetonitrile, toluene, and trichlorobenzene. Our findings not only offer intriguing mechanistic aspects, but also significantly expand the scope and applications of thermal RAFT depolymerization.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c0072610.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726
Bin Lu, Kohei Takahashi* and Kyoko Nozaki*,
{"title":"High Carbon Recovery in Photocatalytic Degradation of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE): Blend with Stearic Acid as a Radical Source","authors":"Bin Lu, Kohei Takahashi* and Kyoko Nozaki*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c0072610.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00726","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A blend of high-density polyethylene (HDPE, <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 59.4 kDa) and stearic acid was efficiently degraded under cerium catalyzed photodecarboxylation conditions, and the molecular weight decreased to <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = ∼5 kDa. The reaction proceeds at 100 °C in <i>tert</i>-butylnitrile (<sup><i>t</i></sup>BuCN) in air, where HDPE does not dissolve or swell. The products are solid material with >90% weight recovery of the starting HDPE + stearic acid. Control experiments supported that carbon radicals generated by cerium-catalyzed photodecarboxylation of stearic acid transferred to the main chain of the HDPE, which undergoes oxidative degradation to lower the molecular weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"14 2","pages":"231–234 231–234"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00810
Annina Missikewitsch, Hartmut Komber, Till Biskup, Michael Sommer
{"title":"Mechanochromic Break Points Control the Toughness of Entangled Polyphenylenes","authors":"Annina Missikewitsch, Hartmut Komber, Till Biskup, Michael Sommer","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00810","url":null,"abstract":"Toughness engineering of a kinked polyphenylene (P<i>mmp</i>P) is demonstrated by using mechanochromic molecular break points. Varying amounts of thermally stable yet mechanically labile difluorenylsuccinonitrile (DFSN) motifs incorporated into P<i>mmp</i>P allow to largely tune mechanical failure of the specimen. While strain at break values of pristine P<i>mmp</i>P reach up to 300%, an increasing concentration of DFSN break points leads to a strongly decreasing and predictable strain at break. Homolytic bond scission of DFSN and formation of colored DFSN radicals is characterized by <i>in situ</i> UV–vis spectroscopy, which allows us to discern regions of necking and strain hardening during tensile testing. The formation and lifetime of radicals is further probed by EPR spectroscopy, suggesting reversibility of bond scission and thus the possibility to design tough materials with predicted failure and self-healing properties.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to “Antibacterial Iodine-Releasing Coatings of Cross-Linked Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) Synthesized by Solvent-Free Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition”","authors":"Qing Song, Zihan Xiao, Tong Liu, Haijun Gao, Ximan Chen, Qingyan Jia, Peng Li, Dahai Wei","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00071","url":null,"abstract":"It has come to our attention that Figure 3a in the original article was combined incorrectly during the manuscript preparation process. The correct version of Figure 3 is now provided in this correction. The conclusions of the work are unaffected by the new figure.<img alt=\"\" src=\"/cms/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00071/asset/images/medium/mz5c00071_0001.gif\"/> This article has not yet been cited by other publications.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c0080210.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802
Chrysostomos Papamichail, Olympia Techlemtzi, Georgia Nikolakakou and Emmanouil Glynos*,
{"title":"Cation Chemistry and Molecular Weight Effects on the Ion Conductivity in PEO-based Electrolytes","authors":"Chrysostomos Papamichail, Olympia Techlemtzi, Georgia Nikolakakou and Emmanouil Glynos*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c0080210.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates the fundamental influence of cation chemistry on the ionic conductivity of PEO-based electrolytes, with implications for advancing polymer electrolyte design. Two PEO systems─high molecular weight (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 100 kg/mol) and low molecular weight (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 0.35 kg/mol)─were blended with LiTFSI and NaTFSI salts to explore ion transport mechanisms. In the high-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO, where ion hopping dominates, smaller Li<sup>+</sup> ions exhibit higher conductivity (σ<sub>LiTFSI</sub> > σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub>). In contrast, the low-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO, where ion diffusion is the primary mechanism, shows higher conductivity for larger Na<sup>+</sup> ions (σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub> > σ<sub>LiTFSI</sub>). In the former, rheology measurements indicate that larger Na<sup>+</sup> cations form more transient EO:Na<sup>+</sup> contact, hindering cation hopping and reducing conductivity. In the latter, the stronger EO:Li<sup>+</sup> interactions lead to a larger hydrodynamic radius and slower diffusion. Notably, PEO-0.35K:NaTFSI exhibits a room-temperature conductivity of σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub> ≈ 4 × 10<sup>–4</sup> S/cm, meeting the requirements for practical applications. These findings highlight the potential of low-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO and Na-based electrolytes for the development of efficient Na-ion batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"14 2","pages":"225–230 225–230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Macro LettersPub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802
Chrysostomos Papamichail, Olympia Techlemtzi, Georgia Nikolakakou, Emmanouil Glynos
{"title":"Cation Chemistry and Molecular Weight Effects on the Ion Conductivity in PEO-based Electrolytes","authors":"Chrysostomos Papamichail, Olympia Techlemtzi, Georgia Nikolakakou, Emmanouil Glynos","doi":"10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00802","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the fundamental influence of cation chemistry on the ionic conductivity of PEO-based electrolytes, with implications for advancing polymer electrolyte design. Two PEO systems─high molecular weight (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 100 kg/mol) and low molecular weight (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 0.35 kg/mol)─were blended with LiTFSI and NaTFSI salts to explore ion transport mechanisms. In the high-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO, where ion hopping dominates, smaller Li<sup>+</sup> ions exhibit higher conductivity (σ<sub>LiTFSI</sub> > σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub>). In contrast, the low-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO, where ion diffusion is the primary mechanism, shows higher conductivity for larger Na<sup>+</sup> ions (σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub> > σ<sub>LiTFSI</sub>). In the former, rheology measurements indicate that larger Na<sup>+</sup> cations form more transient EO:Na<sup>+</sup> contact, hindering cation hopping and reducing conductivity. In the latter, the stronger EO:Li<sup>+</sup> interactions lead to a larger hydrodynamic radius and slower diffusion. Notably, PEO-0.35K:NaTFSI exhibits a room-temperature conductivity of σ<sub>NaTFSI</sub> ≈ 4 × 10<sup>–4</sup> S/cm, meeting the requirements for practical applications. These findings highlight the potential of low-<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> PEO and Na-based electrolytes for the development of efficient Na-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":18,"journal":{"name":"ACS Macro Letters","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}