The Innovation Life最新文献

{"title":"Deep-sea microorganisms acqiured during Jiaolong expedition","authors":"Kun Liu, Wei Gao, Weikun Xu, Huaiwei Liu","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124285961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment and warning system for strategic biological resources in China","authors":"M. Bai, Liwei Zhou, Yijie Tong, Fan Yin","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117097493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential production of secondary metabolites by one operon affects interspecies interactions in Enterobacter sp. CGMCC 5087","authors":"Lijuan Liu, Guoqiang Chen, Jianhui Liu, Wenzhi Bao, Xing Li, Kaiguang Yang, Sujuan Shi, Baofeng Zhao, Qianqian Wang, Xiaohe Cao, Jiming Wang, Xiao Men, Fan Wang, Ge Zhang, L. Zhang, Haibo Zhang","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100023","url":null,"abstract":"Many bacteria secrete secondary metabolites to compete or cooperate with other microbes or hosts in diverse and dynamic ecological niches. 2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are small metabolites that play important roles in biological and ecological functions, produced by microorganisms. They are synthesized via expanded shikimate pathways, and required the key enzyme ��-ketoacid decarboxylase. Here we show an adaptive strategy driven by secondary metabolites in accordance with bacteria survival state. A soil derived Enterobacter strain CGMCC 5087 produces 2-PE in exponential growth phase whenever in nutrient rich or limited environments that suppresses microbial competitors, but produces IAA at the onset of stationary phase only in a tryptophann rich environment enabling plant growth promotion, which is in an ��-ketoacid decarboxylase KDC4427 dependent manner. The metabolic fluxes of 2-PE and IAA are mediated by the ratio of KDC4427 and an L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate reductase gene ADH4428, which are transcribed divergently by a bidirectional promoter in one operon, and by the enzyme activity characteristics of KDC4427. The expression of KDC4427 is up-regulated with bacteria growth, while ADH4428 is down-regulated; simultaneously, KDC4427 shows a higher kcat value for phenylpyruvate, and has a higher affinity for indolepyruvate, thus making the reaction flow towards the production of 2-PE in exponential growth phase, however as the growth of bacteria enters the stationary phase, the production of IAA is increased. Additionally, we demonstrated that TyrR and RpoS activate and repress the expression of KDC4427 and ADH4428 through direct binding to the bidirectional promoter. These results reveal an ingenious control of competition and cooperation behaviours through fine-tuning the sequential synthesis of 2-PE and IAA in response to growth and environmental conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131343847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of extratumoral and intratumoral microorganisms in cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Yurong Du, Lei Liu, Wang Ma, Weiliang Yan, Wenhao Mao, Yabing Du, K. Cui, Pu Yu, Zhen Li, P. Sansonetti, Yiyun Gao, Huan Zhao","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100016","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiome is ubiquitous in human and distributed in not only normal organs such as gut, but also in tumor tissues of the host. Numerous studies have proven that the extratumoral microbiota (mainly gut microbiota) has a close relationship with the local and systemic immune systems of the host. The bacteria, viruses and fungi in gut can influence the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells, affecting the outcomes of immunotherapy. In addition to microbiota in the gut, special microbiota (intratumoral microbiota) exists in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which provides a critical niche for anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria to colonize and proliferate. Intratumoral microorganisms or their metabolites can substantially improve the immunosuppressive of the TME, reactivate immune cells, or recruit activated immune cells, indicating a potential effect on immunotherapy. Furthermore, with the development of synthetic biology, some tumor-targeting bacteria can be used as a biological chassis for the accurate delivery of different immunotherapeutic agents to tumor core through genetic programming technologies, enriching immunotherapy paradigms. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in effect of human microbiota, especially microorganisms in the TME, on immunoregulation, and discuss their potential application in the field of cancer immunotherapy. We also describe the ways to take advantage of genetically engineered bacteria targeting the TME to strengthen the efficacy of immunotherapy against cancer. Additionally, the remaining questions and further directions for microbiota application in immunotherapy are also discussed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"31 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123206691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome framework of root regeneration reveals the conservation of the LBD16-mediated pathway in poplar cuttings","authors":"Guifang Zhang, Gui Cai, Yuge Zhang, Y. E, Xiaojuan Li, Lin Xu, Jinxing Lin","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100007","url":null,"abstract":"Transcriptome framework of root regeneration reveals the conservation of the","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127387468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary human immune responses in a humanized immune mouse model during influenza virus infection","authors":"Jian-Juan Ma, Z. Liu, Ying Wang, Yuan Wei, Min Zhao, Shuo Wang","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122402506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting and surveillance mechanisms for tail-anchored proteins","authors":"Qing Qin, K. Shen, Xiangming Wang","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100013","url":null,"abstract":"Tail-anchored (TA) proteins are single-pass transmembrane proteins, which contain cytosolic domains and a C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) anchored to organelle membranes, leaving a short tail within the lumen of organelles. Organelle specific insertion pathways exist to establish TA proteins targeting specificity. Additionally, surveillance mechanisms contribute to targeting specificity by clearing mis-targeted TA proteins. Cytosolic quality control pathways clearmis-targeted TA proteins from cytosol. MSP1 and ATP13A1/CATP-8/Spf1 extract mis-targeted TA proteins from mitochondria and ER, respectively. Here, we review the progress on the targeting and clearance mechanisms of TA proteins with a focus on ER and mitochondria proteins.","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"485 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132790653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing macrophages to combat intracellular bacteria","authors":"Yuzheng Wu, Huaiyu Wang, Paul K Chu","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100027","url":null,"abstract":"Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China *Correspondence: hy.wang1@siat.ac.cn (H.W.); paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk (P.C.) Received: August 14, 2023; Accepted: September 6, 2023; Published Online: September 7, 2023; https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100027 © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Citation: Wu Y., Wang H., and Chu P. (2023). Enhancing macrophages to combat intracellular bacteria. The Innovation Life 1(2), 100027. People have taken the initiative to combat pathogenic bacteria for more than 100 years since some microbes have been found to cause diseases. The struggle between human beings and pathogens can be regarded as an arms race, in which antibacterial materials become smarter to kill bacteria, while bacteria in turn evolve to be stronger to increase survival. Antibiotic therapies, as the primary clinical treatment for bacterial infections, seem trapped in a vicious cycle because the corresponding drug-resistant bacteria emerge rapidly within a few years after the clinical application of a new antibiotic. To get out of this vicious cycle, scientists have to explore new strategies to counter bacterial threats through antibiotic-free treatments or improving antibiotic utilization, in which methods to eliminate pathogens by mobilizing immune cells draw considerable attention. Macrophages, the representative immune cells, are able to remove pathogens in vivo by identification, endocytosis, sterilization, and digestion. Briefly, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the macrophage membrane can recognize the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), resulting in the response to pathogens and inducing endocytosis thereafter. During endocytosis, the cell membrane protrudes and fuses to form a phagosome, which encloses the pathogens. In the phagosome, pathogens are inactivated by the synergistic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), free fatty acids, etc., and degraded by the hydrolases from the lysosomes fusing with the phagosome. Now that the innate macrophage can help eliminate the bacteria in vivo, why is there a need to develop new antibacterial strategies? That is because many bacteria have evolved to","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123171141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Innovation Life: An international journal of life sciences","authors":"Mingchu Luo, Dake Zhang, Caihuan Tian, Baojun Sun, Tao Huang, Heng Zhang, Yi Shi, Yicun Gao, Rongcan Luo, Jian-Kang Zhu","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mushroom functional genomics springs up","authors":"L. Nagy","doi":"10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100005","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary *Correspondence: lnagy@fungenomelab.com (L. N.) Received: March 1, 2023; Accepted: May 6, 2023; Published Online: June 5, 2023; https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2023.100005 © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Citation: Nagy LG. (2023). Mushroom functional genomics springs up. The Innovation Life 1(1), 100005. Mushroom science and its most broadly applied aspect, the production of edible and medicinal mushrooms, has traditionally synthesized knowledge from developmental biology, genetics, studies of fungal metabolism and a great deal of empirical knowledge accumulated over the centuries of practice in mushroom production. With the advent of high-throughput -omics, the field has quickly embraced new technologies, including genome and transcriptome sequencing or proteomics. However, important stepping stones both in terms of technology and knowledge for linking the genes and gene expression patterns to phenotypes, have been missing. A handful of studies, all published recently, forecast a change in this respect and portrays mushroom developmental biology coming of age. Genomic and transcriptomic resources have, as of today, been generated for many of the important mushroom-forming species in the Agaricomycetes, with a focus on fruiting body development and wood-decay, among others, and overall yielded information on the gene repertoires of most major species utilized by the mushroom industry, as well as related modeland non-model species (reviewed recently ). However, both approaches have their limitations in revealing precise gene function. Since a considerable portion of research on mushroom-forming fungi focuses on fruiting body development, which is a developmental process involving the temporal and spatial coordination of cellular events, understanding patterns of gene expression regulation and revealing the precise function of genes is key. This in turn requires forward/reverse genetics and functional genomics approaches (Figure 1), a field where a recent wave of papers have made significant progress. In a paper published recently in mBio, 2 identified the first cellulose-degradation related transcription factor in the Basidiomycota, Roc1 of Schizophyllum commune. They identified it by comparing RNA-Seq profiles of woodgrown and cellulose-grown cultures and found that the gene is conserved in the Agaricomycetes (although its possibly even more conserved and orthologous to ACE3 from Trichoderma reesei). Given the early emergence of Roc1, its origin may precede the emergence of efficient wood decay systems some ~300 million years ago. The roc1 knockout mutant showed highly reduced growth on cellulose (Avicel), cellobiose and xylan, but not on other carbon sources, suggesting that Roc1 is regulating genes involved in the utilization of the","PeriodicalId":189912,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation Life","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129478848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}