NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005125997X00101
F. J. Correia, I. Abrantes
{"title":"An improved technique for mounting Heterodera cysts for light microscopy","authors":"F. J. Correia, I. Abrantes","doi":"10.1163/005125997X00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005125997X00101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77271449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005125997X00057
S. Stock
{"title":"Heterorhabditis Hepialius Stock, Strong & Gardner, 1996 a Junior Synonym of H. Marelatus Liu & Berry, 1996 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) With a Redescription of the Species","authors":"S. Stock","doi":"10.1163/005125997X00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005125997X00057","url":null,"abstract":"Heterorhabditis hepialius and Heterorhabditis marelatus were studied to evaluate their taxonomic position. Results from morphological and morphometric analysis and cross-breeding tests indicated these species are conspecific. Therefore, H. hepialius is considered a junior synonym of H. marelatus. A redescription of this taxon is presented.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90911415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/004725997X00070
N. Ogura, T. Nakashima
{"title":"Cold tolerance and preconditioning of infective juveniles of Steinernema kushidai (Nematoda: Steinernematidae)","authors":"N. Ogura, T. Nakashima","doi":"10.1163/004725997X00070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/004725997X00070","url":null,"abstract":"Steinernema kushidai infective juveniles (IJs), that had been placed onto soil and stored at 5°C after recovery from artificial culture, did not survive well, with over 90% dying within 10 days. When the IJs were preconditioned at 10°C for over 8 days, a survival rate of over 50% was seen 100 days after storage at 5°C. This preconditioning at 10°C could also be carried out on IJs suspended in distilled water. Trehalose concentration in the IJs increased from almost undetectable levels to 1.4% of the dry weight when S. kushidai IJs in distilled water were preconditioned at 10°C for 20 days.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79742828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005025997X00076
A. Karegar, E. Geraert
{"title":"The Genus Basiria Siddiqi, 1959 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) I. Introduction and Species With Two Lateral Lines","authors":"A. Karegar, E. Geraert","doi":"10.1163/005025997X00076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005025997X00076","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the genus Basiria Siddiqi, 1959 is reviewed. Type material of B. paragracilis and Neopsilenchus (Acusilenchus) bilineatus, populations of B. gracilis from Poland, Iran, USA, and a specimen of B. siddiqii from Sudan have been studied. Neopsilenchus (A.) bilineatus is transferred from Neopsilenchus to Basiria and synonymized with B. gracilis.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85148727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005125997X00075
A. Schirocki, N. Hague
{"title":"The Effect of Selective Culture of Steinernema Feltiae At Low Temperature On Establishment, Pathogenicity, Reproduction and Size of Infective Juveniles","authors":"A. Schirocki, N. Hague","doi":"10.1163/005125997X00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005125997X00075","url":null,"abstract":"Steinernema feltiae was selectively cultured in Galleria mellonella as follows: 13 infective cycles at 22°C, near to the optimum temperature for development of S. feltiae, four infective cycles at 10°C close to the lowest temperature at which reproduction occurs, or four infective cycles at 10°C followed by one cycle at 22° C. After four cycles at 10°C the LT 50 (Galleria mortality) was shorter, the establishment higher and the size of infective juveniles longer and wider than those produced after 13 infective cycles at 22°C. After treatment at four cycles at 10°C followed by one cycle at 22°C the decrease in LT 50 observed after four cycles at 10°C was lost when tested at 7°C and 10°C and partially lost when tested at 12°C and 15°C. Reproduction was not affected by previous culture temperatures.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73852799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005125997X00084
Y. Tang, R. Killick-Kendrick, W. Hominick
{"title":"Life Cycle of Didilia Ooglypta (Nematoda: Tetradonematidae), a Parasite of Phlebotomine Sandflies of Afghanistan","authors":"Y. Tang, R. Killick-Kendrick, W. Hominick","doi":"10.1163/005125997X00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005125997X00084","url":null,"abstract":"Didilia ooglypta is a parasitic nematode of Phlebotomus papatasi and P. sergenti (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Afghanistan. The vulva of the nematode is located at the front tip of the body close to the mouth. The only free-living stage is the egg and all other stages live in the body cavity of the host. First instar sandfly larvae become infected by ingesting nematode eggs; 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars are not susceptible. The infective juvenile worms hatch in the mid-gut of the sandfly larva and migrate through the gut wall into the haemocoel where they complete their development. After mating, female nematodes begin to develop quickly while the males shrink and die. Female nematodes are fully mature after 37 days of infection by the time the adult flies emerge from pupae, at which stage they bore a hole through the cuticle of the abdomen of the imago to expose the vulva and lay eggs. The eggs survive for two and a half years in humid larval frass, but almost all die within two weeks in water. The development of infected larvae is retarded and, compared to uninfected larvae, significantly fewer survive to the imago stage. Infection causes an inversion in the normal pattern of emergence of sandflies with more females than males emerging in the first three days. P. duboscqi, a sandfly closely related to P. papatasi, is susceptible to infection, but sandflies of the subgenus Larroussius do not fully support the development of the parasite.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81186764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005125997X00066
K. Nguyen, G. Smart
{"title":"Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of Spicules and Gubernacula of Steinernema Spp. (Nemata: Steinernematidae) 1 )","authors":"K. Nguyen, G. Smart","doi":"10.1163/005125997X00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005125997X00066","url":null,"abstract":"Spicules and gubernacula of Steinernema species were dissected out and observed under a scanning electron microcope (SEM), showing that morphological characteristics of these structures can be used for species differentiation. This paper describes and presents SEM micrographs of spicules and gubernacula of 11 species of Steinernema and shows how they can be used to recognize species. The species discussed are S. affine, S. anomalae, S. bicornutum, S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. glaseri, S. intermedium, S. kraussei, S. kushidai, S. longicaudum, S. neocurtillae, S. puertoricense, S. riobrave, S. scapterisci.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76400892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/004725997X00106
J. W. Seinhorst
{"title":"INSTITUT FÜR NEMATOLOGIE UND WIRBELTIERKUNDE: 50 Jahre Forsuchung am Standort Münster. Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt fiir Land und Forstwirtschaft Berlin-Dahlem. 317 (1996) 235 pp. Berlin: Parey Buchverlag. ISSN 0067-5849 ISBN 3-8263-3121-4. Price 55 DM","authors":"J. W. Seinhorst","doi":"10.1163/004725997X00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/004725997X00106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89659645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/005025997X00058
E. Geraert
{"title":"Comparison of the oesophageal structure in Aphelenchoides and Hoplolaimus (Tylenchida: Nematoda)","authors":"E. Geraert","doi":"10.1163/005025997X00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/005025997X00058","url":null,"abstract":"Within the order Tylenchida the number of oesophageal cells could be expected to be constant; comparison of published information on Aphelenchoides and Hoplolaimus suggests there are similar sets of cells. In Aphelenchoides the first set of radial cells is very elongated (from head framework to metacorpus) and subsequent radial cells are all compressed in the metacorpus. In Hoplolaimus the sets of radial cells are more regular in length, but the first set (six stylet protractor muscles) shows a similar, complicated structure. These similarities confirm that the Aphelenchina represent a suborder of the Tylenchida.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90613303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NematologicaPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1163/004725997X00043
W. Traunspurger
{"title":"Distribution, Seasonal Occurrence and Vertical Pattern of Tobrilus Gracilis (Bastian, 1865) and T. Medius (Schneider, 1916)","authors":"W. Traunspurger","doi":"10.1163/004725997X00043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/004725997X00043","url":null,"abstract":"The autecology of Tobrilus gracilis (n = 1705 individuals) and T. medius (n = 298 individuals), two common nematode species of Lake Konigssee, was studied throughout the year 1986. T. gracilis comprised 3.5% of all nematodes in the littoral, 6.3% in the littoriprofundal and 2.7% in the profundal. T. medius comprised 0.3% of all nematodes in the littoral, 1.4% in the littoriprofundal and 3.3% in the profundal. The species contributed to a considerable portion of nematode biomass in Lake Konigssee. Mean yearly biomass of T. gracilis was greatest at 1 m depth (0.52 mg/100 cm 2 ww; 65% of total nematode biomass) and of T. medius at 60 m depth (0.2 mg/100 cm 2 ww; 49% of total nematode biomass). Density of T. gracilis peaked twice a year in 1 m water depth (winter and summer) and once in deeper regions (winter/spring). T. medius peaked once a year in 10 m depth (spring), showed no distinct maximum in 30 m depth and reached higher numbers in 60 m depth in winter. There was considerable water depth- and time-dependent variation in sex ratios of T. gracilis. The main reproductive period seemed to be different for the investigated depths. The proportion of individuals of T. gracilis in the top sediment layer was about 57% and of T. medius about 72%. Juveniles and adults of T. gracilis were partially segregated in the sediment column. Morphometric data of both species revealed sexual dimorphism in size, body shape and weight.","PeriodicalId":18988,"journal":{"name":"Nematologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87434453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}