M. Spindler, T. Aicher, D. Schütz, B. Vogel‐Heuser, W. Günthner
{"title":"Modularized control algorithm for automated material handling systems","authors":"M. Spindler, T. Aicher, D. Schütz, B. Vogel‐Heuser, W. Günthner","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795981","url":null,"abstract":"Automated material handling systems are widely used in industry due to high throughputs and good process quality. In order to fully utilize their potential, these systems have to be custom-built, requiring individually created control software. The engineering process of the control software includes extensive manual programming, because a modular structure of the control algorithm with predefined modules is often not available. We describe one such modular control algorithm, based upon a two-layer architecture that separates the hardware control from the material flow control. Our modular control algorithm allows predefined modules for both the conveyor hardware and material flow elements to be created and then assembled in the needed configuration. As a result, the control software for a custom-built material handling system can be created by arranging predefined modules and setting their parameters, thus without manual programming. The proper functionality of our control algorithm is demonstrated by a simulation example using emulated hardware.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115362853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia Delauney, Nicolas Baskiotis, Vincent Guigue
{"title":"Trajectory Bayesian indexing: The airport ground traffic case","authors":"Cynthia Delauney, Nicolas Baskiotis, Vincent Guigue","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795685","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a new approach of indexing trajectories to efficiently distinguish abnormal behaviors from normal ones. After a discretization step, trajectories are considered as sets of triplets (location, velocity, direction). Those triplets are seen as words and a multinomial modeling is learned to estimate the probability of each word. The originality of our work consists in computing the likelihood of all measures and aggregating them by trajectories and spatial cells. The achieved representation is light and offers new opportunities to request normal or abnormal behaviors. The interest of our approach is demonstrated on a plane trajectory dataset provided by Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport. Several experiments are carried out to promote the proposed likelihood descriptors; in particular, experiments show how to extract easily relevant specific trajectories. A t-SNE diagram is also presented to achieve an overall discriminative representation of the whole dataset.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123098743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of system parameters for an online driving style recognition","authors":"Dominik Dörr, Konstantin D. Pandl, F. Gauterin","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795571","url":null,"abstract":"An online driving style recognition system using fuzzy logic has recently proven to work well and showed potential to optimize its parameters. This paper is about the efficient parameter optimization of such a system. To overcome combinatorial explosion, we introduce heuristics to express the main influential parameters of the system, which itself is divided into two layers. First, we use a method called Design of Experiments in order to identify the most important parameters of general high-level system parameters. The low-level layer consists of fuzzy logic systems, which are the core of the driving style recognition system. For this, we introduce a way to efficiently describe the main characteristics of a fuzzy system by very few parameters. Both sets of identified parameters are then separately optimized with an established multidimensional evolutionary algorithm. We show that using Design of Experiments is superior to a random selection of the high-level parameters, as it increases the optimization gain by 76.5% in average. All in all, the target function, which represents a weighted classification error, was reduced by 43.9% on the test data set. The optimization method can be used to calibrate the system on real-world driving data. The combination of Design of Experiments, evolutionary optimization and fuzzy logic parametrization can also be used to optimize arbitrary other complex nonlinear systems.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117192447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessio Pagani, F. Bruschi, V. Rana, Marcello Restelli
{"title":"Reconstruction of public transport state","authors":"Alessio Pagani, F. Bruschi, V. Rana, Marcello Restelli","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795925","url":null,"abstract":"Interest towards the applications of ICT in public and private urban transport has grown significantly over the last few years. In the field of the user interfaces with transportation, however, continuous, highly context-aware, real time interaction can still be found only in a very limited number of cases, mostly in private transportation. One of the main issues in actually developing an assistive, portable, continuously interacting application is getting to know the transports system state (equations of motion of the means, position of the users on the means). In most cities the most temporally accurate data available is the estimated departure time of the next train or bus at the stops.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117268822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D object tracking in driving environment: A short review and a benchmark dataset","authors":"P. Girão, A. Asvadi, P. Peixoto, U. Nunes","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795523","url":null,"abstract":"Research in autonomous driving has matured significantly with major automotive companies making important efforts to have their autonomous or highly automated cars available in the near future. As driverless cars move from laboratories to complex real-world environments, the perception capabilities of these systems to acquire, model and interpret the 3D spatial information must become more robust. Object tracking is one of the challenging problems of autonomous driving in 3D dynamic environments. Although different approaches are proposed for object tracking with demonstrated success in driving environments, it is very difficult to evaluate and compare them because they are defined with various constraints and boundary conditions. The appearance modeling for object tracking in the driving environments, using a multimodal perception system of autonomous cars and advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs), and the evaluation of such object trackers are the research focus of this paper. A benchmark dataset, called 3D Object Tracking in Driving Environment (3D-OTD), is also proposed to facilitate the evaluation of object appearance modeling in object tracking methods.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121011238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photometric laser scanner to camera calibration for low resolution sensors","authors":"J. Grater, T. Strauß, M. Lauer","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795764","url":null,"abstract":"In modern automated systems the usage of sensors with orthogonal measurement principles is indispensable for assuring a redundant system. The combination of laser scanners and cameras is particularly prevalent. To profit from the potential of fusing information from these sensors, the basic step is sensor registration. State of the art cross-calibration methods for laser scanners and cameras establish geometric correspondences for example by detecting checker-boards in size and form. However these approaches suffer from ambivalent features and are only usable if the laser scanner has a high scanning density. Therefore, we present a reconstruction-free and vision-based extrinsic calibration algorithm with distinct features, which was developed with special focus on low-density laser scanners and high measurement noise. Moreover, we contribute an evaluation methodology demonstrating the capability of our approach. Along with this paper, we publish the associated code.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121358717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangjun Qian, Iñaki Navarro, A. D. L. Fortelle, F. Moutarde
{"title":"Motion planning for urban autonomous driving using Bézier curves and MPC","authors":"Xiangjun Qian, Iñaki Navarro, A. D. L. Fortelle, F. Moutarde","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795651","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a real-time motion planning scheme for urban autonomous driving that will be deployed as a basis for cooperative maneuvers defined in the European project AutoNet2030. We use a path-velocity decomposition approach to separate the motion planning problem into a path planning problem and a velocity planning problem. The path planner first generates a collision-free piecewise linear path and then uses quintic Bézier curves to smooth the path with C2 continuity. A derive-free optimization technique Subplex is used to further smooth the curvature of the path in a best-effort basis. The velocity planner generates an optimal velocity profile along the reference path using Model Predictive Control (MPC), taking into account user preferences and cooperative maneuver requirements. Simulation results are presented to validate the approach, with special focus on the flexibility, cooperative-awareness and efficiency of the algorithms.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127306497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrés E. Gómez, S. Glaser, Y. Alayli, Arthur De Miranda Neto, D. Wolf
{"title":"Cooperative collision warning for driving assistance","authors":"Andrés E. Gómez, S. Glaser, Y. Alayli, Arthur De Miranda Neto, D. Wolf","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795676","url":null,"abstract":"Whatever type of distraction during the driving of a vehicle can compromise the safety of not the driver, but also of all drivers present on the highway. Using the mobile while driving is the greatest examples of this problem at a global level. In this regard, a system that helps the driver improve and keep up the attention on the road, could be a solution. This paper proposes a cooperative assistance system which, through the use of communication among vehicles, exchanges messages with the objective to warn about the presence of other vehicles around an ego vehicle and assess the risk situation. This system was evaluated through the proposal of a new version of a simulation framework. This new version, besides considering a bidirectional communication among all the vehicles present in the communication coverage, also considers the time delay variation regarding the distance among vehicles. The results from the system simulation allowed us to observe the time delay effect in the proposed system through the assessment of three collision situations chosen for the tests. In this proposal, it was also possible find also a range of coverage distances for the warnings about other vehicles around of an ego vehicle.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127533606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hans Andersen, Y. Eng, Wei Kang Leong, Chen Zhang, Hai Xun Kong, S. Pendleton, M. Ang, D. Rus
{"title":"Autonomous personal mobility scooter for multi-class mobility-on-demand service","authors":"Hans Andersen, Y. Eng, Wei Kang Leong, Chen Zhang, Hai Xun Kong, S. Pendleton, M. Ang, D. Rus","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795795","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe the design and development of an autonomous personal mobility scooter that was used in public trials during the 2016 MIT Open House, for the purpose of raising public awareness and interest about autonomous vehicles. The scooter is intended to work cooperatively with other classes of autonomous vehicles such as road cars and golf cars to improve the efficacy of mobility-on-demand transportation solutions. The scooter is designed to be robust, reliable, and safe, while operating under prolonged durations. The flexibility in fleet expansion is shown by replicating the system architecture and sensor package that has been previously implemented in a road car and golf cars. We show that the vehicle performed robustly with small localization variance. A survey of the users shows that the public is very receptive to the concept of the autonomous personal mobility device.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"09 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123719701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating data communications in natural disaster scenarios using opportunistic networks with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","authors":"J. Albuquerque, S. C. D. Lucena, C. A. V. Campos","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795748","url":null,"abstract":"Communications between rescue teams and command center of search and rescue operations in disaster areas are frequently affected by geographical obstacles and infrastructure disruptions. One way to overcome such problems is to use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as mobile nodes of a Delay/disruption Tolerant Network (DTN), in order to support communications. This paper investigates and evaluates the performance of most popular DTN routing protocols through simulations based on real flight traces of an UAV over two scenarios of natural disaster caused by heavy rains and landslides. Obtained results allow the verification of proper routing protocols and the cost/benefit relationship between number of UAVs and DTN performance.","PeriodicalId":189845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125526191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}