Natural Language & Linguistic Theory最新文献

{"title":"Role and Function of Regulatory T Cell in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis.","authors":"Chenyang Lei, Juan Jiang, Yanyan Zhang, Gaoyun Xiong","doi":"10.1155/2022/1144563","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1144563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis characterized by high edema in the stroma, albumin deposition, and formation of pseudocysts. The pathogenesis of CRSwNP is not yet fully understood. Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells that play a suppressive immunoregulatory role in the process of CRSwNP. Recent studies have found that there was a significant reduction in Treg cells in polyp tissues, which leads to the onset of CRSwNP. An imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells can also aggravate inflammation toward the Th2 type. This review focuses on our understanding of the function and role of Treg cells and their regulatory factors and clinical significance in CRSwNP. We also summarize the current drug treatments for CRSwNP with Tregs as the potential therapeutic target, which will provide new ideas for the treatment of CRSwNP in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"1144563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8976649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83316295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of COPD Exacerbation Severity and Frequency on Risks for Future Events and Economic Burden in the Medicare Fee-For-Service Population.","authors":"Sanjay Sethi, Barry J Make, Scott B Robinson, Shambhavi Kumar, Michael Pollack, Chad Moretz, Jill Dreyfus, Ann Xi, Dakota Powell, Norbert Feigler","doi":"10.2147/COPD.S350248","DOIUrl":"10.2147/COPD.S350248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify the effects of moderate and/or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations on future exacerbations and healthcare costs in Medicare Fee-For-Service beneficiaries.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of patients ≥40 years of age, with continuous enrollment from 2015 to 2018, with an index COPD diagnosis defined as first hospitalization, emergency department visit, or first of two outpatient visits (≥30 days apart) in 2015 with a claim for chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or chronic airway obstruction. Patients were stratified by baseline exacerbation categories in year one (YR1) and subsequently evaluated in YR2 and YR3: (A) none; (B) 1 moderate; (C) ≥2 moderate; (D) 1 severe; and (E) ≥2, one being severe. Moderate exacerbations were defined as COPD-related outpatient/ED visits with a corticosteroid/antibiotic claim within ±7 days of the visit and severe exacerbations as hospitalizations with a primary COPD diagnosis. Total all-cause costs for Categories B-E were compared to reference Category A using generalized linear models and inflation adjusted to 2019 dollars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,492,108 patients met study criteria with a mean (±SD) age of 70.9±10.9. In YR1, nearly 40% of patients experienced ≥1 moderate and/or severe exacerbations. Patients having multiple exacerbations, regardless of severity were 2-4 times more likely to experience an exacerbation during YR2 and YR3. Adjusted costs ranged between $24,000 and $26,600 for all categories for YR2 and YR3. Adjusted YR2 costs for Category D and E were $1421 and $1548 higher than those without an exacerbation (Category A YR2 $25,084, YR3 $24,282; p<0.0001). The respective YR3 adjusted costs were $2062 and $2117 higher than those without an exacerbation (Category A; p<0.0001), representing an increase of 6-8% and 8-9% for YR2 and YR3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medicare patients with recent moderate or severe exacerbations, or at least two exacerbations per year are at significant risk for future exacerbations and incur higher all-cause costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"593-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83126324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the nature of role shift","authors":"Valentina Aristodemo, B. Giustolisi, Giorgia Zorzi, D. Gras, Charlotte Hauser, Rita Sala, Jordina Sánchez Amat, C. Donati, C. Cecchetto","doi":"10.1007/s11049-022-09539-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-022-09539-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"459-500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48504954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mirror Alignment Principle","authors":"Sam Zukoff","doi":"10.1007/s11049-022-09537-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-022-09537-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"399-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43908294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anchoring in truncation: A typological analysis","authors":"B. Alber, Sabine Arndt-Lappe","doi":"10.1007/s11049-021-09534-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-021-09534-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44167672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicate doubling in Spanish: On how discourse may mimic syntactic movement","authors":"Carlos Muñoz Pérez, Matías Verdecchia","doi":"10.1007/s11049-022-09536-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-022-09536-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44002712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P-omission in ellipsis in Spanish: Evidence for syntactic identity","authors":"Laura Stigliano","doi":"10.1007/s11049-021-09535-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-021-09535-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"40 1","pages":"1353-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42678794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lexical core of a complex functional affix: Russian baby diminutive -onok","authors":"M. Gouskova, J. Bobaljik","doi":"10.1007/s11049-021-09530-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-021-09530-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"40 1","pages":"1075 - 1115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47040067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutral paired vowels in Mayak and Kurmuk","authors":"Avery Ozburn","doi":"10.1007/s11049-021-09533-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-021-09533-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46763958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clausal embedding in Washo: Complementation vs. modification","authors":"M. Bochnak, Emily A. Hanink","doi":"10.1007/s11049-021-09532-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-021-09532-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18975,"journal":{"name":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","volume":"40 1","pages":"979 - 1022"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44624998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}