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A system for safe flash-heat pasteurization of human breast milk 一种安全的人类母乳闪热巴氏杀菌系统
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1145/1999927.1999932
R. Chaudhri, D. Vlachos, Jabili Kaza, Joy Palludan, Nathan Bilbao, Troy Martin, G. Borriello, B. Kolko, K. Israel-Ballard
{"title":"A system for safe flash-heat pasteurization of human breast milk","authors":"R. Chaudhri, D. Vlachos, Jabili Kaza, Joy Palludan, Nathan Bilbao, Troy Martin, G. Borriello, B. Kolko, K. Israel-Ballard","doi":"10.1145/1999927.1999932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1999927.1999932","url":null,"abstract":"We present ongoing development of a low-cost system to improve the flash-heat pasteurization process for human breast milk currently utilized in resource-constrained developing regions. Flash-heat was designed for low-resource environments, is simple to use and requires minimal infrastructure. It is currently used at a small-scale to provide safe breast milk to vulnerable infants with special needs. Safety concerns have limited the adoption of this method for use in human milk banks. The system presented in this paper improves the safety and procedural compliance of the flash-heat process by continuously monitoring the temperature of milk as it is being pasteurized, providing feedback to the user performing the procedure and bringing-in remotely-located quality assurance personnel into the process-approval loop. In partnership with PATH, a Seattle-based NGO, the system will be piloted at a human milk bank in South Africa later this year. The longer-term vision of the project is that the improved monitoring, feedback and reporting capabilities will help scale-up the adoption of cost-effective flash-heat pasteurization for establishing human milk banks in developing countries.\u0000 We present results from in-lab experiments that have helped us assess the feedback capabilities of our system and have validated the need for having a temperature monitoring and feedback system to enhance the safety of the flash-heat process.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133880979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Bassa: a time shifted web caching system for developing regions Bassa:针对发展中地区的时移web缓存系统
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1145/1999927.1999944
Wathsala W. Vithanage, Ajantha S Atukorale
{"title":"Bassa: a time shifted web caching system for developing regions","authors":"Wathsala W. Vithanage, Ajantha S Atukorale","doi":"10.1145/1999927.1999944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1999927.1999944","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a time shifted web caching system named Bassa. It is capable of scheduling, fetching and caching of web objects larger than a given size threshold to take place within the off peak time of the network. We have achieved promising results using this system by maximizing the use of available bandwidth for more interactive web objects during peak hours while utilizing previously underutilized band-width in off peak hours. By empirically analyzing the effect of time shifted caching on users we have unearthed that such systems encourage them to download larger files more than they did previously while accessing websites with more multimedia content such as falsh videos during the peak hours. In this paper we present those findings empirically based on data gathered from proxy server logs at University of Colombo School of Computing.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"71 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129654916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
On the design of affordable and green high-performance routers for community networks: short paper 关于社区网络中价格合理的绿色高性能路由器的设计:短文
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836012
A. Nungu, R. Olsson, B. Pehrson
{"title":"On the design of affordable and green high-performance routers for community networks: short paper","authors":"A. Nungu, R. Olsson, B. Pehrson","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836012","url":null,"abstract":"We argue that large scale user-driven community networks are becoming viable in areas without access to telecommunication services due to lack of commercial interest. We discuss the design of a key component supporting this claim: a high-performance, low-power-consuming and affordable router with fibre optic capable of forwarding 2 Gbps, 220kpps, powered by only 25W, which is between 7% and 17% of the alternatives in our comparison. The cost of the one-off prototype was below a third of the prices of comparable proprietary solutions and half of other open source alternatives. It can be reduced further in series production. Future work will include widening of bottlenecks without increasing cost and field tests in rural African settings.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128492554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
The village base station 乡村基站
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836015
Kurtis Heimerl, E. Brewer
{"title":"The village base station","authors":"Kurtis Heimerl, E. Brewer","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836015","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular communications, including handsets and base stations, have become ubiquitous technologies throughout the developing and developed world. Roughly three billion users spend large portions of their income on these basic communications [1]. However, the remaining half of the world currently has limited access, in large part due to lack of network coverage. Some areas do not have a high enough population density to support a traditional cellular deployment. Other areas are too far from established infrastructure to make a deployment economically feasible. This leads to many rural areas where there is no network coverage at all.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121071048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 68
JaldiMAC: taking the distance further JaldiMAC:把距离拉得更远
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836003
Yahel Ben-David, Matthias Vallentin, Seth Fowler, E. Brewer
{"title":"JaldiMAC: taking the distance further","authors":"Yahel Ben-David, Matthias Vallentin, Seth Fowler, E. Brewer","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836003","url":null,"abstract":"WiFi has been promoted as an affordable technology that can provide broadband Internet connectivity to poor and sparsely populated regions. A growing number of deployments, some of substantial scale, are making use of WiFi to extend connectivity into rural areas. However, the vast majority of the 3.5 billion people living in rural villages [1] are still unserved.\u0000 To reach these people, new technology must be developed to make small rural wireless Internet service providers (WISPs) profitable. We have identified radio towers as the largest expense for WISPs; to reduce or eliminate this barrier to entry, we propose a novel point-to-multipoint deployment topology that takes advantage of \"natural towers\" such as hills and mountains to provide connectivity even over great distances. We make this design practical with a new TDMA MAC protocol called JaldiMAC that (i) enables and is optimized for point-to-multipoint deployments, (ii) adapts to the asymmetry of Internet traffic, and (iii) provides loose quality of service guarantees for latency sensitive traffic without compromising fairness. To our knowledge, JaldiMAC is the first integrated solution that combines all of these elements.\u0000 Our evaluation of JaldiMAC suggests that it fulfills its design goals. Our scheduler is able to provide a 71% decrease in jitter and superior latency characteristics in exchange for a 5% increase in average RX/TX switches, as compared to a stride scheduler. Overall, we find that JaldiMAC performs surprisingly well at this early stage.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123374019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 43
Challenges and novelties while using mobile phones as ICT devices for Indian masses: short paper 印度大众使用移动电话作为资讯及通讯科技的挑战与新奇:短文
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836011
Kuldeep Yadav, Vinayak Naik, Amarjeet Singh, Pushpendra Singh, P. Kumaraguru, Umesh Chandra
{"title":"Challenges and novelties while using mobile phones as ICT devices for Indian masses: short paper","authors":"Kuldeep Yadav, Vinayak Naik, Amarjeet Singh, Pushpendra Singh, P. Kumaraguru, Umesh Chandra","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836011","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile phones have emerged as truly pervasive and affordable Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform in the last decade. Large penetration of cellular networks and availability of advanced hardware platforms have inspired multiple innovative research opportunities in mobile computing domain. However, most of the research challenges have focused on typical scenarios existing in the developed economies. In this paper, we present research challenges and novelties in mobile computing domain that take account for differences between developing in particular India and developed economies. Our research is based on commonly available mobile platforms, communication cost, differences in user behavior and acceptable societal norms, among others.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133630368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
BSense: a system for enabling automated broadband census: short paper BSense:一个实现自动宽带普查的系统
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836010
Giacomo Bernardi, M. Marina
{"title":"BSense: a system for enabling automated broadband census: short paper","authors":"Giacomo Bernardi, M. Marina","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836010","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband Internet access is increasingly being looked at as the new utility, in the same way as water supply and electricity networks. Broadband networks are also being viewed as infrastruc-tural assets, such has roads or highways, because of the strategic importance they carry in relation to economic growth. This new view is driving the need for policy makers and governments to get a better understanding of broadband coverage and quality, with a particular emphasis on identifying underserved areas.\u0000 We propose BSense, a broadband census system based on open-source software that attempts to utilize broadband data from different sources and enable an automated broadband census.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133153518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Deployment and evaluation of IEEE 802.11 based wireless mesh networks in campus environment 基于IEEE 802.11的无线网状网络在校园环境中的部署与评估
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836016
D. Bansal, S. Sofat
{"title":"Deployment and evaluation of IEEE 802.11 based wireless mesh networks in campus environment","authors":"D. Bansal, S. Sofat","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836016","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) can be considered as hybrid between wireless infrastructure (WLAN) and ad-hoc networks (MANET), with mesh points providing flexibility in building & expanding the network, allowing automatic discovery of neighboring nodes, increased reliability and redundancy. In this paper we discuss as to how WMNs can be practically deployed to support wireless multihop communications in a campuswide area. To this aim, we have deployed a real WMN at PEC University of Technology campus utilizing state-of-the-art technology and analyzed the performance of this architecture when supporting multihop heterogeneous traffic. Currently the network is being used to provide services to the residential areas of the campus.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Use of low cost wireless communication technology for education in rural Kenya 使用低成本无线通信技术在肯尼亚农村教育
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836014
Betty Mayeku, Juma Kilwake, Fabio Bertarelli
{"title":"Use of low cost wireless communication technology for education in rural Kenya","authors":"Betty Mayeku, Juma Kilwake, Fabio Bertarelli","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836014","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of mobile revolution, the emerging mobile technologies can support a broad range of learning activities on a variety of mobile devices, a concept referred to as mobile learning. The combination of wireless communication technology and mobile computing is resulting in rapid transformations of the educational world. This paper explores the use of low cost wireless technology in combination with other existing technologies to bring education to rural and pastoralist tribes in Kenya who would otherwise not have access to education.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131731859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Internet usage and performance analysis of a rural wireless network in Macha, Zambia 赞比亚马查农村无线网络的互联网使用和性能分析
USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions Pub Date : 2010-06-15 DOI: 10.1145/1836001.1836008
D. Johnson, E. Belding-Royer, K. Almeroth, G. Stam
{"title":"Internet usage and performance analysis of a rural wireless network in Macha, Zambia","authors":"D. Johnson, E. Belding-Royer, K. Almeroth, G. Stam","doi":"10.1145/1836001.1836008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836008","url":null,"abstract":"There have been a number of rural wireless networks providing Internet access over the last decade but little is known about how the Internet is being used, how these networks perform and whether they follow similar trends when compared with Internet usage patterns in developed regions. We analyse a set of network traces from the Linknet wireless network in Zambia, which provides Internet access to approximately 300 residents of a rural village using a satellite link and a combination of point-to-point links, hotspots and wireless mesh networks. Our analysis reveals largely web-based traffic as opposed to the peer-to-peer traffic dominance that one finds in urban areas. Social networking sites receive the most hits, and large file downloads from operating system repositories contribute the most to the bandwidth consumption. A number of network pathologies in the gateway as well as the wireless mesh network are also analysed and a set of recommendations conclude the work.","PeriodicalId":189697,"journal":{"name":"USENIX/ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing Regions","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 65
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