International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Using RFLP-PCR Technique in Determining Genotypes of Giardia lamblia from Diarrhea Cases in Children in AL-Diwaniyah City, Iraq","authors":"Hadi M. Hamza Al-Mayali, Lubna Abdul-Kadir AL-Ibrahim","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevalent intestinal protozoa in the world, which affect children in both undeveloped and developing countries. This study aimed to determine genotypes of the Giardia lamblia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR techniques. Additionally, the relationship between genotype patterns and their geographical distribution, gender, and age was investigated. Methods: The current study included 926 samples of faeces of children suffering from diarrhoea, who visits the internal clinics at Teaching Hospital, and Child Hospital in AL- Diwaniyah City from November 2012 - Jun 2013. For age groups of 1-12 years exclusively. The samples were examined using a direct mount wet smear, The positive samples were preserved without adding preservatives at a temperature of -20°C until the DNA extraction for G. lamblia genotyping by using PCR and RFLP-PCR technique. Results: Giardia lamblia was detected in 2.15% (20/926) of samples from diarrhea cases in children by amplification of glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) using two specific primers GDHiR and GDHiF. It was revealed that 7 samples belonged to genotype A (35%) and 13 samples belonged to genotype B (65%). All genotype A samples belonged to subgenotype AII (100%), while genotype B samples belonged to subgenotypes BIII (53.61 %) and BIV (47.38 %). Genotype A was detected in children of 1-6 years of age while B genotype was detected in all age groups. Both of the genotypes have been detected in both genders (male and female) and genotype B was found in both urban and rural areas; however, its prevalence was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (100% and 30%, respectively). Conclusion: There are two genotypes of Giardia lamblia, genotype A and genotype B, each of which has secondary genetic patterns which include AII, BIII, and BIV.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127850843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Upper Gastrointestinal Leech Infestation Causes Massive Bleeding in a 17-Month-Old Boy Admitted to Keren Zonal Referral Hospital, Keren, Eritrea","authors":"Filmon Ghebretsadik W, A. Abakar, Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Leeches are blood-sucking hermaphroditic parasites. They have been used for medicinal purposes for many decades. However, the ingestion and attachment of this parasite to the nasopharynx or upper esophagus were reported to cause constant bleeding, which can be life-threatening if not correctly diagnosed and controlled in places where the water is infested with leech. Case Presentation: In this study, a 17-month-old boy with serious gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, dry cough, melena, and severe anemia causing cardiorespiratory disturbance presented to our unit has been reported. Severe normocytic normochromic anemia with leukocytosis was revealed by hematologic investigations. Initial investigations revealed no cause for it. The patient received multiple transfusions of Erythrocyte suspension along with other supportive interventions. Despite all the steps, the bleeding continued until the fourth day of entry, when a 7 cm long leech was removed from the oropharyngeal region. The bleeding ceased immediately after the removal of the leech and the patient was released from the hospital in decent health later. Conclusion: In areas where epistaxis, hematemesis, gastrointestinal bleeding, and severe anemia are of uncertain cause, leech infestation should be considered.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Rodent Fauna of Rural Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Reservoir in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran During 2018-2019","authors":"Y. Garedaghi, Saeideh Heidarinejad, Behrang Esfandiyar, M. Amirfazli","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic diseases that represents a serious health problem worldwide. This disease exists in three forms: cutaneous (rural, urban), visceral, and mucocutaneous. In the rural type, some rodents play the role of a reservoir. In our country, many people are infected with this disease every year. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is now common in some parts of East Azerbaijan province. Considering that no comprehensive study on the general condition of cutaneous Leishmaniasis reservoirs in this province has been done so far, this research was very necessary. This study was conducted to investigate the fauna, distribution, and frequency of rodents in East Azerbaijan province from 2018 to 2019. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Cluster sampling was performed on rodents. Rodents were caught each week by 30 live traps from different parts of East Azerbaijan province and were determined in the laboratory after examining their morphological characteristics. In order to identify Leishmaniasis, 2 samples were prepared from each rodent ear on a laboratory slide and after fixation with methanol and staining by Giemsa method, they were examined by light microscope. Results: A total of 100 rodents were found in this study, which included 5 species of Rhombomys opimus, Meriones libycus, Mus musculus, Nesokia indica, and Tatera indica. In this study, a total of 3 rodents infected with Leishmania parasite were caught, 2 of which were from Meriones libycus from Azarshahr and Sarab counties and 1 from R. opimus from Kalibar. Conclusion: Infection of R. opimus and M. libycus species was identified in Azarshahr, Sarab, and Kalibar counties. These two species are the most important reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. It is suggested that rodents be controlled in areas where there are cases of disease and rodents have been infected with Leishmania parasite in order to control the disease.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125255964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schistosomiasis: A Neglected Tropical Parasitic Disease of Public Health Concern","authors":"M. Pal","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.08","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127750083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Importance of Stool Test in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites","authors":"Y. Garedaghi","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.09","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objectives: Stool test is a test used to diagnose an infection or intestinal parasitic infection. Gastrointestinal infections occur for a variety of reasons, so this test is valuable along with other complementary tests. Common gastrointestinal infections are commonly reported as food poisoning or stomach infections. However, diagnostic tests are useful for treating and removing the source of the disease. Methods: This study was reviewed by using a search of keywords including, \"stool test\" , \"Diagnosis \", \"Intestinal Parasites\", in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier databases. Approximately 15 articles were selected that were examined thoroughly. Results: The results of our study revealed that the direct microscopic method is more widely used in medical diagnostic laboratories due to its time saving and simplicity of testing. Conclusion: Stool tests are recommended for people with symptoms of a gastrointestinal infection. These symptoms include: Prolonged diarrhea, abdominal pain (cramping), nausea and vomiting, Stools with blood and mucus. However, diagnostic tests are useful for treating and removing the source of the disease.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126333061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Solanum surattense on Brain Tissue Damage and Oxidative Stress in Adult Rats with Toxoplasmosis","authors":"Mansour Ataei, A. Khaki, Y. Garedaghi","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.05","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is caused by a protozoan named Toxoplasma gondii. This protozoan is a parasite of cats that can spread among other animals and birds around the world and cause a disease that varies from mild to severe. The disease is seen in the forms of acquired toxoplasmosis and congenital toxoplasmosis. Many studies have shown that there is a relationship between reproductive function and toxoplasmosis. T. gondii has led to decreased reproductive performance of males and females in many experimental animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum surattense on the brain tissue damage and brain oxidative stress induced by T. gondii in adult rats. Methods: For this purpose, 32 adult female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. In group 1, 8 healthy rats received IP saline for 3 weeks. In group 2, 8 rats with T. gondii received IP saline for 3 weeks. In group 3, 8 rats with T. gondii received the hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for 3 weeks. In group 4, 8 healthy rats received the hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for 3 weeks. Then, brain tissue resection was performed to evaluate histological damage and levels of antioxidant enzymes. Results: Histological and biochemical studies showed that T. gondii had a deleterious effect on the brain tissue of rats and increased the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The administration of hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense improved these effects due to its high antioxidant properties. Conclusion: The administration of the appropriate dose of hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for three consecutive weeks had a protective effect on brain tissue exposed to T. gondii.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127138151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Eighteen Year Study of Intestinal Protozoans in the Los Angeles Area Between 1996 and 2013","authors":"O. Amin, karim O. Amin","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2021.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2021.01","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126490496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on Zoonotic Importance and Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis Infection in Dogs of Tabriz, Iran","authors":"H. H. Farhang, S. Bahavarnia, Mohamad Javad Esmailzadeh, Navid Mahmoudi Kamalabad","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.04","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Dirofilaria immitis is one of the most important parasites of the circulatory system of dogs that causes severe cardiovascular events in the animal and it is reported to be the most common nematode in humans and dogs from many parts of Iran. Methods: In order to investigate the presence of Dirofilaria immitis infection in Tabriz, Iran, a cross-sectional study was performed on 200 owned and stray dogs. The blood samples were analyzed using Knott method. The prevalence of D. immitis infection was reported to be 15% in owned dogs. Results: The highest levels of infection were reported in dogs less than one year of age and the lowest in dogs aged over 9 years. In a statistical survey, there was a significant relationship between infection and gender. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, due to the presence of D. immitis infection in this region, the need for a more comprehensive examination and control of the infection in this region is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115824586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of Parasites Against COVID-19 and Other Viruses","authors":"Y. Garedaghi","doi":"10.34172/ijmpes.2020.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijmpes.2020.01","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":189386,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125808992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}