Nematology最新文献_第2页

Description of Longidorus zhengi n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from the rhizosphere of Quercus aliena in China 标题中国黑栎根际线虫的描述(线虫纲:黑栎科)

4区生物学

Nematology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10290

Jianfeng Gu, Xinxin Ma, Yanchun Liu, Ruihang Cai

引用次数: 0

Bioassay to characterise the effects of nematicidal compounds on Meloidogyne species 生物测定法表征杀线虫化合物对丝虫病种的影响

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10294

Yuji Oka

{"title":"Bioassay to characterise the effects of nematicidal compounds on Meloidogyne species","authors":"Yuji Oka","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10294","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A bioassay was developed to characterise the effects of nematicidal compounds and tested using low concentrations (0.125 and 0.25 mg l −1 ) of three nematicides: fluensulfone, fluopyram and fluazaindolizine. Germinating lettuce seeds with ca 2-3 mm roots were planted in a 5.5-cm-diam. Petri dish on agar containing the nematicides. Second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita were introduced to the agar plate immediately after planting. Alternatively, lettuce seeds were planted 48 h after introducing J2 to the plate. The number of J2 attracted to a root tip and J2 mobility were recorded 19 h after inoculation or planting, and infection rate and root length were recorded 5 days after planting. The three nematicides showed different effects on J2 of the Meloidogyne species. Fluensulfone did not inhibit infection by either species if the lettuce was planted immediately after inoculation, but their infection rates, and especially those of M. incognita , were reduced when lettuce seeds were planted 2 days later. Fluopyram reduced infection with M. javanica J2 at higher rates (>83.3%) than for M. incognita J2 (<58.4%) compared to the control, even without 48 h exposure before planting. Fluazaindolizine reduced M. incognita infection at high rates (>83.3%), although the J2 were attracted to the lettuce roots. Root lengths also showed differences in infection severity. This assay distinguished the effects of the three nematicides on the two Meloidogyne species and can also serve to screen compounds that inhibit nematode infection without killing Meloidogyne J2.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"40 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135680482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Description of Tobriloides sinensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Triplonchida: Tobrilidae) from Shanxi province, north China 文章标题山西省中华Tobriloides sinensis sp. n.描述(线虫纲:三尾目:tobrilides dae)

4区生物学

Nematology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10289

Gurong Yang, Meina Liu, Yibing Ma, Zengqi Zhao, Jianming Wang, Yumei Xu

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DNA barcoding, phylogeny and phylogeography of the cyst nematode species of the Schachtii group from the genus Heterodera (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) 异蚊属Schachtii群囊线虫种的DNA条形码、系统发育及系统地理学研究(拟蛛目:异蚊科)

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10292

Sergei A. Subbotin, Tatiana V. Roubtsova, Richard M. Bostock, Zahra Tanha Maafi, Vladimir N. Chizhov, Juan E. Palomares-Rius, Pablo Castillo

{"title":"DNA barcoding, phylogeny and phylogeography of the cyst nematode species of the Schachtii group from the genus Heterodera (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)","authors":"Sergei A. Subbotin, Tatiana V. Roubtsova, Richard M. Bostock, Zahra Tanha Maafi, Vladimir N. Chizhov, Juan E. Palomares-Rius, Pablo Castillo","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10292","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Cyst-forming nematodes of the genus Heterodera are highly derived and economically important plant parasites. The Schachtii group of this genus is one of the largest ones with a total of 18 species parasitising dicotyledons. In this study, we provided comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of several hundred COI and ITS rRNA gene sequences of selected species from the Schachtii group, including H. betae , H. cajani , H. ciceri , H. galeopsidis , H. glycines , H. medicaginis , H. mediterranea , H. schachtii , H. sonchophila and H. trifolii , using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and statistical parsimony. One hundred and twenty four new COI , 57 ITS rRNA and eight hsp90 gene sequences from 81 nematode populations collected in 19 countries were obtained in this study. Our study showed that the ITS rRNA gene has limited discrimination power compared to the COI gene. However, our analysis also revealed that partial COI gene sequences were identical for H. trifolii , H. betae and H. galeopsidis . Based on the results of phylogeographical analysis and age estimation of clades with a molecular clock approach, it was hypothesised that the majority of the Schachtii group species originated and diversified in the Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot during the Pleistocene and then dispersed from this region across the world. The Sino-Japanese Floristic Region is likely one of the centres of diversification for the soybean cyst nematode, which showed distinct population structure. The possible role of hybridisation and polyploidisation in the evolution of species of the Schachtii group is discussed.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"23 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136105757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Steinernema yirgalemense inoculum size and timing impact on the population dynamics of in vitro liquid culture shake flask production 接种量和接种时间对体外液体培养摇瓶生产菌群动态的影响

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10278

Murray D. Dunn, Antoinette P. Malan

{"title":"Steinernema yirgalemense inoculum size and timing impact on the population dynamics of in vitro liquid culture shake flask production","authors":"Murray D. Dunn, Antoinette P. Malan","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10278","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Optimising the in vitro liquid mass production process for entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) is a critical step in the development of a cost-effective EPN biopesticide product. Recording the nematode population and growth dynamics in an Erlenmeyer shake flask environment is essential to gaining a better understanding of which factors may influence the final yield. Although infective juvenile (IJ) inoculum concentration has previously been studied, no consensus yet exists as to whether it influences the final yield. This study sought to determine the impact of IJ inoculum concentration and timing on the recovery, growth and yield of the South African EPN isolate of Steinernema yirgalemense in shake flasks. The results indicated that the IJ inoculum concentration positively affects the final IJ yield of 2.88 × 15 5 IJ ml −1 . Moreover, at higher IJ inoculum concentrations, a higher number of reproductive females and males are produced, when recovery percentages were similar. The lowest IJ inoculum concentration treatment was also the only treatment to show signs of an unwanted second generation in the final yield. The IJ inoculation timing trials confirmed that once the bacterium, Xenorhabdus indica , has ended the exponential growth phase and entered the stationary phase, it is ideal to then inoculate the IJ. However, it was found that the S. yirgalemense can be inoculated into the X. indica bacteria solution after 36 h of growth, instead of after 44-48 h. These trials demonstrated the need for further optimisation to produce consistent yields of the highly pathogenic South African EPN isolate of S. yirgalemense .","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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First report of the dagger nematode, Xiphinema pachtaicum (Tulaganov, 1938) Kirjanova, 1951 in Argentina 短剑线虫，Xiphinema pachtaicum (Tulaganov, 1938)， Kirjanova, 1951在阿根廷首次报道

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10291

Claudia Azpilicueta, Natalia Turuelo, María Estela Kees, Andrea Rodríguez, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Alba N. Ruiz-Cuenca, Juan E. Palomares-Rius

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Survival of Xiphinema index for six years in stored clay soil from a vineyard 西菲尼玛指数在某葡萄园贮存粘土中6年的存活率

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10288

Emmanuel A. Tzortzakakis

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Incidence and diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat-cropping systems in the inner part of the Aegean Region of Turkey 土耳其爱琴海地区内陆地区小麦种植系统相关植物寄生线虫的发病率和多样性

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10285

Hacer Acan, Ebubekir Yüksel, Nagihan Duman, Atilla Öcal, Dilek Dinçer, Refik Bozbuğa, Şenol Yildiz, Salah-Eddine Laasli, Mohammed Amer, Ramazan Canhilal, Abdelfattah Dababat, Mustafa İmren

{"title":"Incidence and diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat-cropping systems in the inner part of the Aegean Region of Turkey","authors":"Hacer Acan, Ebubekir Yüksel, Nagihan Duman, Atilla Öcal, Dilek Dinçer, Refik Bozbuğa, Şenol Yildiz, Salah-Eddine Laasli, Mohammed Amer, Ramazan Canhilal, Abdelfattah Dababat, Mustafa İmren","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10285","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Plant-parasitic nematodes are among the most influential soil organisms worldwide and have a detrimental impact on wheat productivity; they also play a major role in maintaining soil diversity. However, limited information is available on the biodiversity of nematodes associated with wheat cropping systems in Turkey. To address this knowledge gap, 45 wheat fields in the Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey were sampled in 2021 in order to extract and identify nematodes. A total of 14 genera and 44 species of these nematodes were identified based on their physical traits and ITS DNA sequences examination. Shannon diversity index was used to determine the prevalence and biodiversity features of these nematodes. This study represents the first comprehensive research on plant-parasitic nematodes from wheat-growing regions in the Afyonkarahisar Province. The genera Helicotylenchus , Heterodera , Merlinius , Pratylenchoides and Pratylenchus dominated with a high relative abundance percentage >60%, and were extremely common (>90% for each). The average Shannon index of nematode species in the wheat fields was 2.20, with an evenness value of 0.81, indicating moderate diversification and good nematode evenness. This study also revealed a significant correlation between nematode genus biodiversity and edaphic, climatic and geographical factors. Finally, this research demonstrated a remarkable diversity of soil nematodes associated with wheat crops and they have the potential to be useful tools for extensive soil bio-study.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Plant-parasitic nematodes, a looming threat to turmeric cultivation in India: results of recent surveys 植物寄生线虫，对印度姜黄种植迫在眉睫的威胁:最近调查的结果

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10287

Chinnasamy Sellaperumal, Santosh J. Eapen, Balakumaran Manimaran, Jeyaveeran Berliner, Selvi B. Senthamizh, Borlakunta Mahendar, Kalidasu Giridhar, Vavilapalli Sivakumar

{"title":"Plant-parasitic nematodes, a looming threat to turmeric cultivation in India: results of recent surveys","authors":"Chinnasamy Sellaperumal, Santosh J. Eapen, Balakumaran Manimaran, Jeyaveeran Berliner, Selvi B. Senthamizh, Borlakunta Mahendar, Kalidasu Giridhar, Vavilapalli Sivakumar","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10287","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) is a major spice of Indian origin. Turmeric is commonly used in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine, and also in Indian cuisine. India produces nearly 1.2 million tonnes (Mt) of turmeric annually and is one of the world’s largest producers. Turmeric production is limited by a number of biotic and abiotic factors. Among the biotic factors, plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are important. They include Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Radopholus similis and Rotylenchulus reniformis . However, the information about the distribution, density and prominence of plant-parasitic nematodes and their interrelation with soil types is very scarce. Hence, the present comprehensive nematode survey was undertaken in the major turmeric-producing states of India: Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Odisha. The results indicated that Meloidogyne spp., R. reniformis , Pratylenchus spp., R. similis , Hoplolaimus spp., Helicotylenchus spp. and Tylenchorhynchus spp. were associated with turmeric. The most abundant nematodes were Meloidogyne spp. (115 individuals (100 cm 3 soil) −1 ), followed by R. reniformis (68 (100 cm 3 soil) −1 ) and Pratylenchus spp. (50 (100 cm 3 soil) −1 ). The frequency of occurrence ranged from 0 to 60%, with Meloidogyne spp. (60%) and R. reniformis (51%) being the most common. Meloidogyne spp. (38%) and Pratylenchus spp. (19%) were the most prominent nematodes in plant samples. Overall, Meloidogyne spp. followed by Pratylenchus spp., R. reniformis and R. similis were the key nematodes associated with the turmeric crop in all the four states. Further, we have identified hotspot areas for the plant-parasitic nematodes, namely: Meloidogyne spp. (16), Pratylenchus spp. (16), R. reniformis (20), and R. similis (5) on the basis of the economic threshold level. The interrelationship of soil type and nematode distribution was also investigated.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Pathogenicity and boarding ability of hybrid-derived populations between Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) 嗜木刺线虫与大刺线虫杂交群体的致病性及登岛能力

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Nematology Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10286

Katsumi Togashi, Hayami Kasuga, Satomi Kasuga, Koji Matsunaga, Shota Jikumaru

{"title":"Pathogenicity and boarding ability of hybrid-derived populations between Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)","authors":"Katsumi Togashi, Hayami Kasuga, Satomi Kasuga, Koji Matsunaga, Shota Jikumaru","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10286","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer), is the causative agent of pine wilt disease. It is native to North America and has been devastating pine forests in East Asia and West Europe since its introduction. The pathogenic nematode is transmitted by cerambycid beetle adults of Monochamus alternatus Hope in East Asia and M. galloprovincialis (Olivier) in West Europe. Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya et Enda is widely distributed in Eurasia and has no or little pathogenicity to pine species. If hybrids between the two species are backcrossed with B. xylophilus nematodes repeatedly, a small proportion of B. mucronatus genes will be infused into B. xylophilus genome (introgression) and may lead to adaptation to locally harsh environments. Inoculation tests in this study revealed that two of eight hybrid-derived populations from crossing B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus caused pine seedling mortalities of 36-70%. The pathogenic hybrid-derived populations carried nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of two species and B. xylophilus extra-nuclear genes, whereas non-pathogenic populations carried B. mucronatus rDNA and extranuclear genes of B. xylophilus or B. mucronatus . Thus, it is inferred that a gene or genes associated with pathogenicity are present in the nuclear genome of B. xylophilus . A laboratory experiment revealed that the pathogenic hybrid-derived population had as great an ability to board M. alternatus adults as the parental-lineage B. xylophilus isolate. Thus, the introgressive hybridisation is considered to occur in pine forests if two species cohabit in host trees.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0