Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical Constituents of F. Sagittifolia Warburg ex Mildbraed & Burret Leaves with Antimicrobial Activity","authors":"O. M. Taiwo, O. Olaoluwa, O. O. Aiyelaagbe, J. Matasyoh","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.75-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.75-81","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves and bark of Ficus sagittifolia have been used as a cure for stomach and pulmonary disorders, respectively. The bark is edible and is taken against colic. From the leaves of F. sagittifolia, a steroidal glycoside named Stigmast-5,22-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 1 and three isoflavonoids named 5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 2, 5-hydroxy-3(4-hydroxylphenyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[2,3-f]-chromen-4(8H)-one 3 and 5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphemyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[3,2-g}-chromen-4(8H)-one 4 were isolated, and this is the first report of the isolation of these compounds from this plant. The structural elucidation of the compounds was based on 1D and 2D NMR, IR and MS data analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus Niger at 6.25 mg/mL, respectively while compounds 2 and 4 were active against Helicobacter pylori at 6.25 mg/mL. These findings corroborate the ethno-medicinal use of F. sagittifolia leaves as a treatment for stomach disorders.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121944658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-oxidative Effects of Butanol Seed Extract of Parkinsonia aculeata on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Damage on Wistar Rats","authors":"Muhammad Abdulrahman, Yusuf Gumburawa Malami, S. Hassan, Mansur Lawal, W. T. Adanlawo, M. M. Birnin Kebbi, K. Sanusi","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.83-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.83-87","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants have protective effect because of the presence of several compounds which have different mechanism of action. This study sought to assess the anti-oxidative effects of butanol seed extract of Parkinsonia aculeata on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage on Wistar rats. The Wistar rats were put into five groups, each with six rats: Group A received a daily dosage of liquid paraffin (1ml/kg); Group B received 1ml/kg body weight of CCl4 (30% in liquid paraffin intraperitoneal); Group C, D, and E received the seed extracts at 100, 120, and 160 mg/kg every day for two weeks. Induction of CCl4 was three times a week for two weeks simultaneously with the extract to the last day. After sacrificed, the liver was harvested and homogenized, and used for further analyses. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase in all extract treated groups compared to positive control, except the catalase levels of group treated with 160mg/kg. Similar results was observed in vitamin C, vitamin E and glutathione in rats treated with 100 and 120mg/kg of the extract. The results of this study revealed that butanol seed extract from P. aculeata has antioxidant properties and can protect Wistar rats' livers from the damaging effects of CCl4.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115160375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Sargassum angustifolium Brown Seaweed Extracts on Gut Microbiota in Induced Obese Male Rats","authors":"Varied Zarrin, T. Talaei-Khozani, M. Taherizadeh, N. Tanideh","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.55-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.55-63","url":null,"abstract":"Marine organisms, especially brown algae are good dietary complements with probiotic and anti-obesity activities. The objective of this study was to find the effects of Persian Gulf marine algae Sargassum angustifolium (SA) on the intestinal microbiota of animals exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD). Rats were fed with hot water (HW) and ethanolic (E) extracts of Sargassum angustifolium for two months. At the end of the experimental period, serum indices, food intake, and weight loss were measured. We also analyzed the intestinal microorganisms through 16SrRNA sequencing in all groups. The distribution ratio of intestinal microorganisms showed that Bacteroides and Firmicutes as dominant phyla in the intestinal rats, and obesity-associated bacteria were decreased and leanness-associated genera were increased in all treatment groups compared with the control obese group. Clostridium and Lactobacillus were the dominant genera in all groups with pathogenic potentials, and lactic acid genera, respectively. In addition, all the extracts could decrease the level of cholesterol, inflammatory factors including IL1 and TNF-α, and liver enzymes, and also led to reduction of the food intake and weight loss due to high fibers. Our results indicate that consumption of Sargassum angustifolium seaweeds can balance intestinal microbiota as well as decrease serum indices.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133099763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer","authors":"Harem O. Smail","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aimed to understand and compare the two popular cytogenetic techniques of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in detecting breast cancer chromosomal abnormality. Several chromosomal anomalies play a role in the development of breast cancer, and the two above approaches play an important role in confirming fluorescence in situ hybridization in particular (FISH). However, comparative genomic hybridization has developed DNA copy number profiles for most of the publicly available breast cancer cell lines for the FISH methods rely on the fluorescent probes. Chromosomal profiles can be generated for the suspected chromosomal abnormality, copy number changes between the tumour and the DNA control can be compared, and the results can be registered. Today, modern cytogenetic tools such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are more commonly used to detect any microdeletion that cannot be detected by conventional cytogenetic karyotypes that involve a high rate of cell division and good chromosomal morphology, which pose challenges for cytogeneticists, and a long period of testing and research. Usually, this is a problem for physicians, and there are still many drawbacks and disadvantages concerning the high benefits, such as false findings. Normal chromosome in situ hybridization requires the hybridization of a labelled DNA probe into denatured chromosomal DNA present in metaphase chromosomes in an air-dried microscope slide preparation. Metaphase spreads are used for traditional chromosome FISH (metaphase FISH). Positive and positive signs of hybridization also appear as a double spot, corresponding to the hybridized probe for both sister chromatids. A further extension of chromosome painting is comparative genomic hybridization (CCI-I). CCH involves simultaneous chromosome painting in two different colours using complete DNA from two similar sources as probes, which reveal variations concerning the benefit or loss of sub-chromosomal regions or even entire chromosomes.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117314376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Bioprospecting of Mangrove Red Snapper Cultivation (Lutjanus argentimaculatus Forsskål, 1775) Using Floating Cages","authors":"Angga Puja Asiandu, Achmad Gusti Malayudha","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.27-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.27-33","url":null,"abstract":"Mangrove red snapper is one of the potential and valuable aquaculture products. The high demand for this fish causes high fishing activities. This condition can threaten their existence in the environment. It is necessary to have aquaculture activities to preserve their existence and meet market demand. Indonesia as a country with wide marine waters should be able to take advantage of the potential of fish farming by using a floating cage system. Thus, this article was written to analyze the bioprospecting of red snapper aquaculture. Based on the literature study, the floating net system has the potential to be developed on a large scale because the system has various advantages over fishing directly from nature. Things that must be considered in the cultivation of mangrove red snapper using floating nets are the area and quality of the floating nets, the composition of the feed, and the chemical components of the feed given to the fish. Based on economic potential, mangrove red snapper cultivation has high prospects which can be used as one of Indonesia's leading export products.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123418320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver and Renal Cell Damage Following Excess Bee Honey Consumption in Male Wistar Rat","authors":"A. Agbatutu, J. N. Asiwe, O. G. Adebayo","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.35-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.35-43","url":null,"abstract":"Honey is a widely used natural product with several health benefits. However, there is paucity of information on its excessive usage. The present study investigated the effect of excess honey consumption on hepato-renal functions in male wistar rats. Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats were selected into four groups (n=7) and treated with distilled water (control) and 1ml, 2ml and 3ml of honey respectively for 5 weeks. Thereafter, the animals were euthanised and blood as well as kidney and liver were collected for further studies. There was a significant increase in Creatinine, Bilirubin, Urea AST, ALP, total protein as well as a significant decrease in RBC, WBC, haemoglobin, lymphocyte and PCV. Histology of the liver and kidney revealed a significant degeneration and necrosis in a dose dependent manner. This study suggest that excess honey consumption causes liver and renal cellular damage as well as haematological alterations.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116212074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney Evaluation in Hyperuricemia Rats Treated with Green Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis L.) Extract","authors":"Putranty Widha Nugraheni, C. Mahdi","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.17-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.17-26","url":null,"abstract":"Uric acid is an oxidation product of the xanthine oxidase enzyme found in extracellular fluid, and when it exceeds, uric acid will build up and cause hyperuricemia. TNF-α is released by epithelial cells and mesangial cells when inflammation occurs and causes apoptosis in epithelial cells, causing damage to kidney structures and initiating acute kidney poisoning. Green tea extract (Camellia sinensis L.) contains many antioxidants, especially flavonoids with potent antioxidant properties such as lipid peroxidase and free radical absorbers, inhibiting xanthine oxidase. This study expresses the potential of green tea extract on kidney repair caused by HUA. Twenty-four male albino rats (175-225 g) of Wistar strain being fed a high purine diet in 60 consecutive days and divided into six groups randomly, I: negative control, II: positive control, III: allopurinol, IV: green tea extract 150mg of body weight, V: green tea extract 300mg of body weight, and VI: green tea extract 600mg of body weight. Treatment was done for 14 days and measured by total creatinine levels, malondialdehyde levels, and kidney histopathology. The statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey analysis by SPSS 23.0 proved that green tea extract with a dose of 600 mg/kg of body weight green could lower levels malondialdehyde of the kidney as much as 58.85% (p<0.01), decreased creatinine level by 24.5% (p>0.05), and improved kidney histopathology. This study proved that green tea extract is a promising alternative for hyperuricemia while improving kidney tissues and lowering malondialdehyde and creatinine levels.","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131998279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptide Fractions from Chymotrypsin-hydrolyzed Moringa oleifera Seed Proteins Inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro","authors":"O. Ekun, A. O. Olusola, Joseph Adaviruku Sanni, F. Ishola","doi":"10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.7-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.7-16","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to investigate the activities of chymotrypsin-digested M. oleifera seed proteins and their peptide fractions on carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes. Proteins from M. oleifera seeds were isolated using isoelectric point precipitation and hydrolyzed using chymotrypsin. The hydrolysates obtained were fractionated into peptide fractions of","PeriodicalId":188261,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116170460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}