Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports最新文献

{"title":"Propionic Acidemia diagnosed in Amish adults and pregnancy outcomes: A case series","authors":"Ethan M. Scott ,&nbsp;Brandon Smith ,&nbsp;Joseph Liu ,&nbsp;Karlee Hoffman ,&nbsp;Jennifer Hershberger ,&nbsp;Andew Crosby ,&nbsp;Emma L. Baple ,&nbsp;Olivia K. Wenger","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inborn error of metabolism (IEM) that typically presents in the newborn. The Amish of North America have an increased prevalence of PA due to a founder variant in the <em>PCCB</em> gene. The Amish PA phenotype is variable, and some individuals remain asymptomatic and undiagnosed until adulthood. Additionally, there are limited reports of pregnancy outcomes in Amish individuals with PA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective single center chart review was completed on sixty Amish individuals with PA to identify individuals diagnosed as adults (18 years or older) and pregnancy outcomes. We assessed age at diagnosis, reason for PA testing, medical history prior to diagnosis including developmental delay, seizure, protein intolerance, cardiac symptoms, and anxiety. Following the diagnosis, we assessed the prevalence of prolonged QTc and dilated cardiomyopathy. We assessed our cohort for number of pregnancies, pregnancy outcomes, and peripartum complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine out of sixty individuals (15 %) were diagnosed with PA as adults. A family member with PA was the most common reason to prompt genetic testing. Cardiac symptoms were present in six of nine individuals prior to diagnosis. Three individuals diagnosed as adults had dilated cardiomyopathy and one underwent cardiac transplant. There were twenty-one pregnancies in six women with eighteen successful deliveries and three miscarriages. Two women developed peripartum cardiomyopathy. There were no acute maternal decompensations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our work supports the consideration that all Amish newborns be screened for PA with molecular testing to enable early diagnosis. The stark difference in peripartum outcomes requires further prospective work to ensure appropriate monitoring throughout pregnancy while respecting individual values and autonomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel frameshift variant in the SLC2A1 gene causing a mild phenotype of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome: case report","authors":"Lívia Maria Ferreira Sobrinho ,&nbsp;Thiago Oliveira Silva ,&nbsp;Lilia Farret Refosco ,&nbsp;Soraia Poloni ,&nbsp;Fabiano Oliveira Poswar ,&nbsp;Carolina Fischinger Moura de Souza ,&nbsp;Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig ,&nbsp;Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1) is a genetic condition, most often of autosomal dominant inheritance, and corresponds to a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms due to hypoglycorrhachia, which include seizures, delay in neuropsychomotor development, intellectual disability, movement disorders, dysarthria and postnatal microcephaly. The severity of symptoms are variable. Symptomatic treatment consists of the ketogenic diet, which allows energy supply to the brain through sustained and continuous ketosis. In this study, we report a novel heterozygous frameshift variant (c.855_856insTT; p.Gly286Leufs*55) in the <em>SLC2A1</em> gene in a preschool Brazilian child with atypical phenotype of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, characterized by ataxia and mild speech delay. Our study enriches the <em>SLC2A1</em> gene mutation spectrum and emphasizes the importance of molecular genetic studies for screening patients with neuropsychomotor developmental delay.</div><div><strong>Sentence take-home message (synopsis) of the article</strong>: The study enriches the <em>SLC2A1</em> gene mutation spectrum and emphasizes the importance of molecular genetic studies for screening patients with neuropsychomotor developmental delay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-glyceric aciduria due to GLYCTK mutation: Disease or non-disease?","authors":"Sandra D.K. Kingma ,&nbsp;Laura K.M. Steinbusch ,&nbsp;Sietse M. Aukema ,&nbsp;Margje Sinnema ,&nbsp;Bianca Panis ,&nbsp;Joost Nicolai ,&nbsp;Estela Rubio-Gozalbo","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>D-glyceric aciduria (DGA) is caused by D-glycerate-2-kinase deficiency due to biallelic pathogenic variants in <em>GLYCTK.</em> It is associated with variable neurological symptoms. DGA is extremely rare, and genetic variants are only known in 7 previously described patients. We report a new patient with DGA and a novel homozygous <em>GLYCTK</em> variant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case series of Cypriot patients with CblC defect: Clinical, biochemical and molecular characteristics","authors":"Theodoros Georgiou ,&nbsp;Olga Grafakou ,&nbsp;Anna Malekkou ,&nbsp;Emilia Athanasiou ,&nbsp;Ioannis Ioannou ,&nbsp;Vivi Choleva ,&nbsp;Maria Dionysiou ,&nbsp;Gabriella Mavrikiou ,&nbsp;Anthi Demetriadou ,&nbsp;Violetta Anastasiadou ,&nbsp;Anthi Drousiotou ,&nbsp;Petros P. Petrou","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria, CblC type, is an inborn error of intracellular vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism caused, in the majority of cases, by mutations in the <em>MMACHC</em> gene. Five Cypriot patients (four males and one female) were diagnosed with a CblC defect. Age at diagnosis ranged from 10 days to 9 months. We present here the clinical, biochemical and molecular findings of these patients. Our retrospective study indicates that all patients were carriers of the known p.Arg91LysfsTer14 variant in either a homozygous or compound heterozygous state with other known <em>MMACHC</em> pathogenic variants. Out of three patients sharing the same genotype the one diagnosed and initiated treatment in the neonatal period displayed an improved clinical outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report","authors":"Joana Fernandes ,&nbsp;João Moura ,&nbsp;João Tarrio ,&nbsp;Jorge Oliveira ,&nbsp;Ana Lopes ,&nbsp;João Parente Freixo ,&nbsp;Gonçalo Videira","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Adult-onset leukodystrophies are a rare group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebral white matter. One of these diseases is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the <em>AARS2</em> gene. We describe a patient with late-onset <em>AARS2</em>-related leukoencephalopathy, a milder phenotype and a novel disease-causing variant.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The patient was characterized during routine clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 40-year-old male was evaluated for chronic headaches. Six years before, he was hospitalized for a major depression with psychotic features. The first neurological examination was normal, except for a slow downbeat nystagmus. Brain MRI revealed significant hyperintensities in T2 and T2-FLAIR bilaterally in the frontal lobes, with periventricular and corpus callosum involvement, and without restricted diffusion. A multigene panel for leukodystrophies based on whole-exome sequencing identified two heterozygous variants in the <em>AARS2</em> gene: one previously reported in the literature, already classified as pathogenic, NM_020745.4:c.595C &gt; T (p.(Arg199Cys)), and one novel variant c.730G &gt; A (p.(Val244Ile)), later reclassified as likely pathogenic. Nine years have passed since the first symptoms without clear clinical progression.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This case underlines that adult-onset leukodystrophy caused by variants in <em>AARS2</em> may have a wide range of phenotypes and patterns of progression. The new variant c.730G &gt; A (p.(Val244Ile)) herein described may induce a milder clinical picture and a less severe radiological pattern.</div></div><div><h3>Practical implications</h3><div>Adult-onset leukoencephalopathies may present with milder clinical signs than what is generally perceived, and novel disease-causing variants are being identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbamoly-phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency: A tertiary center retrospective cohort study and literature review","authors":"Mahmood Noori ,&nbsp;Omar Jarrah ,&nbsp;Aisha Al Shamsi","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Protein metabolism and urea production maintain protein and amino acid homeostasis in normal status. Ammonia results from amino acid turnover and is produced by intestinal urease-positive bacteria. Ammonia must be detoxified, and the urea cycle converts ammonia into urea. CPS1 is an enzyme in the urea cycle that catalyzes ammonia and bicarbonate condensation. CPS1 deficiency presents in the neonatal period with hyperammonemia, resulting in death or neurological sequelae if patients survive.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives/aims</h3><div>To share the experience of patients with CPS1 deficiency from Tawam Hospital and to shed light on the spectrum of variants found in those patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was done. All patients with CPS1 deficiency admitted to Tawam Hospital from 2010 to 2023 were included. Collected data included age and ammonia level at presentation, the time needed to drop ammonia level below 100 μmol/L, acute management modality provided, long-term neurological sequelae, sequence variants, severity, and duration of hyperammonemia encephalopathy, age at last follow-up, and, if applicable, survival for at least six months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only five patients with CPS1 deficiency over 13 years were found; two males and three females. Three patients are doing relatively well at 18 months, 7, and 9 years of age. The presented age was in the neonatal period except in one patient. One patient was found to have frameshift, resulting in a premature stop codon in the <em>CPS1</em> gene, had a devastating course that ended with death. One patient had recurrent hyperammonemia episodes in her first year of life, which led to microcephaly and global developmental delay. One patient underwent hemodialysis, and one patient underwent peritoneal dialysis. All patients except one were on Carglumic acid which could contribute to their survival and disease control. All variants reported here are novel except one.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although the presentation was different in severity, three patients are doing relatively well and approaching their developmental milestones. Thus, early recognition, prompt actions to drop high ammonia level, and good follow-up plans are emphasized. Further studies are needed to correlate the genotype-phenotype of reported variants here, which can help predict the severity of CPS1 deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated methylmalonic acidemia in Mexico: Genotypic spectrum, report of two novel MMUT variants and a possible synergistic heterozygosity effect","authors":"Cynthia Fernández-Lainez ,&nbsp;Marcela Vela-Amieva ,&nbsp;Miriam Reyna-Fabián ,&nbsp;Liliana Fernández-Hernández ,&nbsp;Sara Guillén-López ,&nbsp;Lizbeth López-Mejía ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Alcántara-Ortigoza ,&nbsp;Ariadna González-del Angel ,&nbsp;Rosa Itzel Carrillo-Nieto ,&nbsp;Enrique Ortega-Valdez ,&nbsp;Mauricio Rojas-Maruri ,&nbsp;Cecilia Ridaura-Sanz","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isolated methylmalonic acidemia (iMMA) is a group of monogenic metabolic disorders affecting methylmalonate and cobalamin metabolism. Five iMMA-responsible genes have been described to date: <em>MMUT</em> (MIM *609058), <em>MMAA</em> (MIM *607481, <em>MMAB</em> (MIM *607568), <em>MMADHC</em> (MIM *611935), and <em>MCEE</em> (MIM *608419). Although iMMA is the most common form of organic acidemia reported in Mexico, its genotypic spectrum is still largely unknown. We performed a clinical exome analysis on 42 unrelated Mexican patients with iMMA. <em>MMUT</em> deficiency accounted for 73.8 % of all cases, followed by <em>MMAA</em> (14.2 %), <em>MMAB</em> (7.2 %), and <em>MMADHC</em> (2.4 %) deficiencies. One patient presented <em>MMUT</em> and <em>MMAA</em> double heterozygosity, which should be further experimentally confirmed to prove that synergistic heterozygosity could be another inheritance mechanism in iMMA. The most frequent <em>MMUT</em> genotype involved the Hispanic variant NM_000255.4:c. [322C &gt; T];[322C &gt; T] or p.[Arg108Cys];[Arg108Cys] (14.3 %). Two novel <em>MMUT</em> variants, NM_000255.4:c.589G &gt; A or p.(Ala197Thr) and c.1476C &gt; A or p.(Tyr492*), were identified in a deceased newborn presenting the neonatal-onset severe form of the disease. <em>In silico</em> protein modeling of the p.(Arg108Cys) and novel p.(Ala197Thr) <em>MMUT</em> variants suggested disruption of the substrate-binding and catalytic domains of the protein, respectively. This study expands the current knowledge on the molecular spectrum of iMMA in the Mexican population and reinforces the importance of genetic analysis in guiding clinical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Covid19 pandemic on health-related quality of life in patients with Fabry disease - implications for future care of patients with rare diseases","authors":"Victoria Sokalski ,&nbsp;Kolja Lau ,&nbsp;Tereza Cairns ,&nbsp;Claudia Sommer ,&nbsp;Nurcan Üçeyler ,&nbsp;Peter Nordbeck","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101150","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The worldwide Covid19 pandemic caused by the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represented a unique challenge for patients and healthcare professionals. Patients with chronic rare diseases had to face novel burdens, like the inability to perform regular on-site visits or even difficulties in the supply of medication. Patients with Fabry disease (FD) are affected by a variety of organ manifestations leading to physical but also psychological burden and limitations, which are usually presented in low health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). We sought to examine the impact of the Covid19 pandemic on HR-QoL in patients with FD and their implications for the future care of patients with rare diseases.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This single-center study included patients seen shortly prior to and after the peak of the Covid19 pandemic in 2020 at our study site. All patients had a confirmed genetic diagnosis of FD. Subjects with presumed apathogenic to benigne genetic variants in the GLA gene were excluded. The Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) was used to obtain patients‘self-reported outcome. Clinical data and SF-36 scores were collected and analysed for the time period prior to and after the peak of the pandemic.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In total, 60 patients (mean age 47.9 ± 15 years, 53.3 % male) were included. The majority presented with a pathogenic gene variant (63.3 %) associated with classic phenotype. At baseline, 66.7 % were on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), and 21.7 % on chaperone therapy. Predominant organ manifestations were cardiac (42/60, 70.0 %) and neurological (39/60, 65.0 %). After paired comparison prior and post peak of the pandemic in 2020, all eight items of the SF-36 score showed a numeric decline. Three items presented with a intergroup difference: social functioning (72.5 ± 29.3 vs. 64.8 ± 29.3, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.012), energy/fatigue (56.8 ± 21.7 vs. 48.3 ± 23.9, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001), and role limitations due to physical health (64.2 ± 42.0 vs. 51.1 ± 45.5, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.007).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Subgroup analysis (regarding gender, age, and treatment) revealed that especially male and older (≥50 years) patients with FD showed reductions in multiple categories of HR-QoL. The item “energy/fatigue“ presented significant declines among all subgroups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The worldwide Covid19 pandemic had a persistent negative affect on self-reported HR-QoL in patients with FD, including both mental and physical aspects. It remains unclear to what extend the disease itself and accompanying circumstances including local and governmental actions and restrictions contributed to these deteriorations. Our findings stress the importance for meticulous and constant interdisciplinary care including psychosocial aspects in patients with chronic progressive diseases as well as the need for a change in mindset concerning futur","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between menstrual cycle characteristics, premenstrual syndrome prevalence and blood phenylalanine level in women with PKU","authors":"Arzu Selamioğlu ,&nbsp;Zelal Tandoğan ,&nbsp;Mehmet Cihan Balcı ,&nbsp;Meryem Karaca ,&nbsp;Tuğba Kozanoğlu ,&nbsp;Alihan Yesil ,&nbsp;Gülden Gökçay","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenylketonuria (PKU) results from a deficiency in phenylalanine hydroxylase, catalyzing the conversion of phenylalanine (Phe) to tyrosine. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of physical, behavioral, and emotional symptoms occurring during the last week of luteal phase. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of PMS, and document menstrual cycle characteristics of PKU patients to reveal the relationship with blood Phe levels. The study was conducted on 74 patients with a mean age of 21.7 ± 5.4 years. The mean age at menarche was 12.7 ± 1.3 years and 82.4 % had regular menstrual cycles. The periods of most patients (47.2 %) lasted 4–5 days. Menstrual cycles of 21–28 days were reported by 73 %, less than 21 days by 8 %, and more than 28 days by 19 % of women. Menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea was observed in 6.7 % and 71.6 % respectively. Adherence to diet was lost in 7 patients during the menstrual period. No significant relationship was found between Phe levels and PMS symptoms (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). According to PMSS subscales, 52.7 % of patients with PKU had depressive feelings, 16.2 % anxiety, 55.4 % fatigue, 52.7 % irritability, 28.3 % depressive thoughts, 39.1 % pain, 59.4 % changes in appetite, 28.3 % changes in sleeping habits and 43.2 % had swelling. The findings of the study revealed that PMS prevalence was 39.1 % among PKU women. Awareness about this syndrome, will improve the quality of life in women with PKU by evaluating and taking measures for PMS.</div></div><div><h3>Synopsis</h3><div>Evaluating menstrual cycle characteristics and premenstrual syndrome in phenylketonuria patients provides valuable insights for enhancing their overall health profile and personalizing treatment and management plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of cases with elevated 3-hydroxyisovaleryl carnitine report from the newborn screening program","authors":"Fuad Al Mutairi ,&nbsp;Randa Alkhalaf ,&nbsp;Abdul Rafiq Khan ,&nbsp;Ali Al Othaim ,&nbsp;Majid Alfadhel","doi":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Elevated plasma levels of 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-carnitine (C5OH) and impaired leucine catabolism are frequently observed in newborn screening reports, necessitating consideration of various diseases in the differential diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze different forms of C5OH and explore their potential predictive value for diagnosis and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review of newborn screening positive cases for C5OH-related diseases from May 2011 to December 2023 was conducted. Clinical, biochemical, and molecular phenotypes of all confirmed positive cases during this period were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 15 true positive cases were diagnosed. No significant correlation was found between the C5OH levels in newborn screening and the diagnosis of specific C5OH-related disorders or the presence of metabolic, neonatal, or developmental abnormalities. Outcomes varied based on the spectrum of diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that relying solely on C5OH levels from newborn screening is insufficient for making accurate diagnoses or predictions regarding C5OH-related disorders. Further comprehensive evaluation and consideration of additional factors are essential for accurate diagnosis, management and outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18814,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}