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Relationship between Charpy V transition temperature in mild steel and various material parameters 低碳钢夏比V转变温度与各种材料参数的关系
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-04-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420203
R. Sandström, Y. Bergström
{"title":"Relationship between Charpy V transition temperature in mild steel and various material parameters","authors":"R. Sandström, Y. Bergström","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420203","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A simple theory for the Charpy V transition temperature T CV in mild steel is proposed. The yield stress σy and the internal cleavage fracture stress σf play an important role in the theory and, therefore, have been the subject of detailed experimental and theoretical studies. Experimentally recorded values of T CV in a C-Mn steel of varying grain size and a microalloyed steel are compared with the corresponding theoretical values. The results are critically discussed.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"8 1","pages":"177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87361521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
Constitution of Ni rich alloys in Ni−Al−Mo−Ta system at 1523 K 1523k时Ni - Al - Mo - Ta体系中富Ni合金的组成
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-04-01 DOI: 10.1179/030634584790420140
S. Chakravorty, D. West
{"title":"Constitution of Ni rich alloys in Ni−Al−Mo−Ta system at 1523 K","authors":"S. Chakravorty, D. West","doi":"10.1179/030634584790420140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/030634584790420140","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAn investigation has been made of the constitution of the Ni rich portion of the Ni-Al-Mo-Ta system using alloys lying in the 85 and 75 at.-%Ni sections of the system. Observations are reported of alloys in the as-cast condition and also after annealing at 1523 K; the results of electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, and microscopical examination of the annealed alloys are presented as isothermal sections. The phases encountered in equilibrium in the composition range studied are as follows: the Ni based solid solution γ and intermetallic compounds based on Ni3Al(γ′), Ni3Ta(δ), and Ni6TaAI(η). The 85 at.-%Ni section is predominantly single phase γ at 1523 K. In the 75 at.-%Ni section, γ enters into equilibrium with γ′ and δ;γ′ enters into equilibrium with γ, η, and δ to form γ + γ′ + δ and γ′ + η + δ phase regions. In the two phase γ + γ′ region, lattice parameter mismatch values lie in the range 0.56–0.81%. In the as-cast condition, some alloys show regions which are interpreted as cont...","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"51 1","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86694777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
High temperature creep in precipitation strengthened Cu-2Fe alloy 析出强化Cu-2Fe合金的高温蠕变
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.137
K. Kuchařová, F. Dobeš, A. Orlová, K. Milička, J. Čadek
{"title":"High temperature creep in precipitation strengthened Cu-2Fe alloy","authors":"K. Kuchařová, F. Dobeš, A. Orlová, K. Milička, J. Čadek","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.137","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractResults of an investigation of creep in a Cu-2Fe alloy strengthened by coherent γ iron particles in the temperature region 673–873 K and the stress region 10–95 MN m−2 are presented and discussed. It is found that, most probably, the Coble diffusion deformation mechanism associated with a threshold stress dominates at low stresses. The thermally activated cutting of γ iron particles, dependent on the creation of a new interface area, has been suggested as another possible mechanism controlling the steady state creep rate in all external conditions. This mechanism probably dominates at least at high stresses. The intergranular creep fracture in the alloy investigated is probably controlled by the same mechanisms as creep itself.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"8 1","pages":"137-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80393361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Investigation of precipitation hardening in Cu-2Be-0.2Co by Vickers microhardness and electrical resistance 用维氏显微硬度和电阻研究Cu-2Be-0.2Co的析出硬化
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.153
F. Sachslehner, V. Gröger, F. Stangler
{"title":"Investigation of precipitation hardening in Cu-2Be-0.2Co by Vickers microhardness and electrical resistance","authors":"F. Sachslehner, V. Gröger, F. Stangler","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.153","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractSamples of the commercial alloy Cu-2Be were aged at 325, 280, 250, and 230°C in a high purity helium atmosphere. Vickers micro hardness testing was carried out taking advantage of the fact that in the case of this very fine grained alloy the microhardness is almost independent of load. It is shown that a precise microhardness measurement when combined with an electrical resistance measurement is highly suitable for investigations of the GP zone stage and the γ′ phase. Isotherms of microhardness indicate the beginning of growth of the γ′ phase by a marked steepening of their slopes. The maximum hardness can be taken as a measure of the completion of the hardening process. Isotherms of the change in electrical resistance show two other significant points: the resistance maximum which records the GP zone density, and thereafter the intersection of the resistance curve with the abscissa which indicates a time related to the disappearance of GP zones.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"42 1","pages":"153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81035936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Deformation behaviour of two phase materials: Cu-Al system 两相材料的变形行为:Cu-Al体系
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.161
A. H. Yegneswaran, K. Tangri
{"title":"Deformation behaviour of two phase materials: Cu-Al system","authors":"A. H. Yegneswaran, K. Tangri","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A study has been made of the deformation behaviour of a series of dual phase (α + β′) and α + eutectoid Cu-Al alloys. The effect of martensite or eutectoid as the second phase on flow stress, work hardening, and total elongation is described. It is seen that the strengthening effect of martensite becomes greater than that of eutectoid at larger strains. Analysis of stress–strain curves shows that the strain hardening exponent n changes continuously with strain and, as such, the analysis based on the Ludwik equation (σ = σ0 + k′ep n′) is performed. It is found that alloys showing higher ductility exhibit a three stage behaviour. An explanation for this stage behaviour in terms of the deformation mechanisms involved is presented.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"23 1","pages":"161-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85308075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Stability of GP zones in plastically deformed Al-4Cu alloy 塑性变形Al-4Cu合金GP区的稳定性
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.158
A. Klee, M. Grabski
{"title":"Stability of GP zones in plastically deformed Al-4Cu alloy","authors":"A. Klee, M. Grabski","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.158","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIt is shown by differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy that extensive plastic deformation of Al-4Cu (wt-%) alloy following quenching causes fragmentation of GP zones to an extent which depends on strain. Subsequent continuous heating of samples causes two concurrent processes: dissolution of small and growth of large GP zones. The fragmentation after 33% strain is so extensive that no growth process was observed. The activation energy for dissolution of GP zones in unstrained and strained material is 126 ± 6 kJ mol−1 and about 100 kJ mol−1 respectively.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"38 1","pages":"158-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81906566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Solid state bonding in superplastic Ti-6Al-4V 超塑性Ti-6Al-4V的固态键合
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.117
J. Pilling, D. W. Livesey, J. Hawkyard, N. Ridley
{"title":"Solid state bonding in superplastic Ti-6Al-4V","authors":"J. Pilling, D. W. Livesey, J. Hawkyard, N. Ridley","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.117","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe time taken to produce a bond between two sheets of superplastic Ti-6Al-4V has been calculated using existing theories of high temperature cavity growth and of sintering. The predicted conditions for bonding have been compared with those determined experimentally, and a theory based on the Chen and Argon model of creep cavity growth has been developed to take into account the effect of a material grain size which can be substantially smaller than either the cavity size or the original surface roughness. It has been found that high integrity bonds can be produced at 927°C with pressures between 0.7 and 2 MPa (100–300 lb in−2), and within a time scale of the order of 0.5–4 h.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"4 1","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87045114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 77
Modelling of cavitation in two phase superplastic alloys under uniaxial stress systems 单轴应力系统下两相超塑性合金的空化模拟
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.143
H. Shang, M. Suéry
{"title":"Modelling of cavitation in two phase superplastic alloys under uniaxial stress systems","authors":"H. Shang, M. Suéry","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Superplastic materials are characterized by their ability to undergo exceptionally large deformation under low stresses. Many alloys, however, are prone to cavitation, which leads to premature failure even though deformation is within the superplastic regime. A model is presented which analyses the evolution of pre-existing cavities in two phase alloys subjected to uniaxial stress systems. It is seen that this model adequately describes the cavitation phenomenon of α–β brasses and microduplex Cu-Zn-Ni alloys in the tensile test. Closure of cavities in the compression test may also be described by this model. The results obtained thus enable the formation of an overall view of the behaviour of a two phase superplastic alloy subjected to the uniaxial tension test, and the difference in cavity evolution of different materials.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"54 1","pages":"143-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73484449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Scale growth on steels at 1200°C: rationale of rate and morphology 钢在1200℃时的水垢生长:速率和形态的基本原理
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.127
J. Sheasby, W. Boggs, E. T. Turkdogan
{"title":"Scale growth on steels at 1200°C: rationale of rate and morphology","authors":"J. Sheasby, W. Boggs, E. T. Turkdogan","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.127","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High purity zone refined iron and low alloy steels (<0.3%C) were oxidized at 1200°C in O2–N2, O2-H2O-N2, and H2O-N2 gas mixtures to elucidate the kinetics and morphology of scale growth on steel under conditions which simulated reheating furnaces. A few oxidation experiments were made with pure iron at 700 and 950°C. The present findings shed additional light on the effect of water vapour in the oxidizing furnace atmosphere on the rate of oxidation of pure iron and Fe-C alloys. In the absence of water vapour, scale detachment caused the Fe-C alloys to be oxidized at a lower rate. In oxidizing gas mixtures containing water vapour, the scale remained attached to the metal surface for considerably longer reaction times, and the scale growth progressed in accordance with the parabolic rate for pure iron. These findings substantiate those of earlier studies and imply that the presence of water vapour in the oxidizing gas enhances the rate of creep in the scale. It was found that with water vapour pres...","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"10 1","pages":"127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88202231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 82
Work hardening of polycrystalline copper and alpha brasses 多晶铜和α -黄铜的加工硬化
Metal science Pub Date : 1984-03-01 DOI: 10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.123
M. Z. Butt, P. Feltham
{"title":"Work hardening of polycrystalline copper and alpha brasses","authors":"M. Z. Butt, P. Feltham","doi":"10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/MSC.1984.18.3.123","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe stress dependence of the activation volume was studied over a range of strains in polycrystalline alpha brasses of various grain sizes containing 10, 15, 20, and 30 at.-%Zn, and in polycrystalline Cu of 4N and 5N purities at 77, 200, and 290 K. The data show that solute atoms are effective obstacles to dislocation glide only up to small percentage values of uniaxial strain; conventional work hardening, i.e. forest cutting, determines the flow stress at higher strains.","PeriodicalId":18750,"journal":{"name":"Metal science","volume":"23 1","pages":"123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81833057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
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