Medycyna pracy最新文献

{"title":"[Determination of phenyl(2-naphthyl)amine concentrations in the working environment air using HPLC-FLD technique].","authors":"Anna Jeżewska,&nbsp;Dorota Kondej","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phenyl(2-naphthyl)amine (FNA) is a flammable solid with a characteristic odor. FNA is used, among others, in the production of paints and dyes, and as an antioxidant in rubber processing, lubricant for automobile engines, in brake fluids, oils, etc. In the European Union, FNA is classified as a category 2 carcinogen. In Poland, the value of the maximum admissible concentration (MAC) for FNA is 0.02 mg/m³. The aim of this study was to develop a new method for the determination of FNA, which will allow for the determination of this substance in the working environment within the concentration range of 0.1-2 of MAC value.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The method is based on the retention of FNA on a cellulose filter, recovery of the substance with methanol and analysis of the solution thus obtained using a high-performance liquid chromatograph with a fluorescence detector.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed method enables the determination of FNA in the concentration range 2-40 μg/m³. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.23 ng/l and the limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.69 ng/l.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The method complies with the requirements of the European Standard PN-EN 482 and can be used to determine FNA concentrations in the workplaces air. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):25-31.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39898392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Health hazards resulting from occupational exposure to enfluran - overview of tests and analysis of admissible concentration values].","authors":"Małgorzata Kupczewska-Dobecka","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work is to analyze the health hazards of enflurane exposure and to analyze the occupational exposure limits (OEL). The method of obtaining evidence based on a review of online databases of scientific journals was used. Enflurane is an inhalation anesthetic. Malignant hyperthermia, seizures, arrhythmias, respiratory depression and hypotension have been observed in patients. Occupational exposure to enflurane may occur in healthcare professionals. The target organ for enflurane is the central nervous system with a critical consequence of deterioration in psychomotor performance. In studies on volunteers recruited from the medical staff of operating rooms exposed to enflurane, a significant deterioration in the results of the Simple Reaction Time Test was shown. World experts' groups assume that the LOAEC (lowest observed adverse effect concentration) value for the deterioration of psychomotor test results is 5-10% of the MAC value (minimal anesthetic concentration), i.e., 6342-12 684 mg/m3. Assessment of the nephrotoxic potential of enflurane has shown that it is unlikely to occur because biotransformation of enflurane in humans results in a low peak serum fluoride concentration of 15 μmol/l. Early reports about liver damage in patients were not be supported. Occupational exposure epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the effects of anesthetic gas mixtures on the abortion rate or on fetal development and birth defects in children, but none of these studies specifically determined the type and concentration of anesthetic gases used. The carcinogenicity and mutagenicity studies were negative. Occupational exposure to enflurane is not monitored in Poland, as no standard value has been established for it in the air of the working environment. It is necessary to quickly introduce this anesthetic along with the applicable limit value to the OEL list. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):51-69.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"51-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39773043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The transposition of directive 2019/1831/EU of October 24, 2019 establishing a fifth list of indicative occupational exposure limit values into national law].","authors":"Jolanta Skowroń,&nbsp;Lidia Zapór,&nbsp;Katarzyna Miranowicz-Dzierżawska","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The issue of the regulations amending the Regulation of the Minister of Family, Labour and Social Policy on the maximum admissible concentrations and intensities of agents harmful to health in the working environment resulted from the requirement to implement into national law the provisions of Commission Directive (EU) 2019/1831 of 24 October 2019 establishing a fifth list of indicative occupational exposure limit values pursuant to Council Directive 98/24/EC, and amending Commission Directive 2000/39/EC, the provisions of which Member States had to introduce by 20 May August 2021. The Regulation takes into account 3 motions submitted by the Interdepartmental Commission for Maximum Admissible Concentrations and Intensities for Agents Harmful to Health in the Working Environment to the minister of labour in the years 2017-2020. The Commission was appointed by the Regulation of the Prime Minister of December 15, 2008 (Journal of Laws of 2015, item 1772, with amendments), and its tasks include submitting to the minister of labour motions on the value of the maximum admissible concentrations and intensities for agents harmful to health in the working environment. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):43-50.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39877612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations and demands in the voice care of contemporary commercial singers in occupational health and safety aspects.","authors":"Joanna Morawska,&nbsp;Ewa Niebudek-Bogusz,&nbsp;Wioletta Pietruszewska","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Singers, classified as \"vocal performers\" are at an increased risk of developing voice disorders. The area of contemporary commercial singing has not been studied as extensively as classical singing. Non-classical singing is generally considered detrimental to vocal health and thus the information on challenges contemporary commercial singers (CCS) pose to otolaryngologists and other healthcare professionals is scarce. The authors present an overview of contemporary commercial singing styles in comparison to classical singing, discuss the notion of non-classical style being harmful to vocal health, present major risk factors associated with developing voice disorders in contemporary commercial singers, and outline the diagnostic process of vocal health assessment in this group of occupational voice users. Given that contemporary commercial singers constitute a unique and vast group of elite vocal performers, the authors stress the importance of raising awareness among healthcare professionals of the fact that these patients require special considerations for voice evaluation and treatment in the occupational health and safety framework. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):33-41.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39899172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the resources and activities of basic occupational health services in Poland].","authors":"Andrzej Marcinkiewicz","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were a number of factors affecting employees, employers, and consequently, both directly and indirectly, the occupational health service (OHS). The purpose of this publication is to analyze the activity of physicians and OHS units in this period in Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The analysis of the number of physicians, OHS units and their activities was performed on the basis of the MZ-35 and MZ-35A statistical forms, which represent obligatory medical reporting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 6349 occupational medicine physicians in Poland, who are entitled to conduct prophylactic examinations of employees and provide preventive health care, necessary due to working conditions (less by 248 [3.8%] compared to 2019). At the same time, the number of OHS basic units decreased to 5784 (by 3.2%). In 2020, occupational health physicians reported 4 314 520 prophylactic examinations of employees and job applicants, what is over 1 million 231 thousand (22.2%) less than in the year preceding the pandemic. In addition, they reported the performance of 255 887 prophylactic examinations related to the practical vocational training of pupils, students, participants in qualification vocational training and Ph.D. candidates (less by 157 220 [38.1%]). In 2020, they performed 1 933 355 preliminary examinations (23.9% less), 1 924 929 periodic examinations (25.1% less) and 456 236 follow-up examinations (5.1% more). In 2020, there was also a significant decrease in the number of visits to entire workplaces (from 6437 to 3625) and individual positions (from 46 197 to 26 389) carried out by OHS units. Also in 2020, an almost threefold increase (to 2183) in the number of suspected occupational diseases was reported by OHS physicians. In 2019, the duty to submit an annual report regarding prophylactic activities on the MZ-35A form has been obeyed by only 3607 (56.8%) obliged physicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected preventive activities carried out by occupational physicians. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):19-24.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39728172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2,4-D poisoning","authors":"","doi":"10.1079/cabicompendium.95976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.95976","url":null,"abstract":"This datasheet on 2,4-D poisoning covers Identity.","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58656282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Remote working forced by COVID-19 pandemic and its influence on neck pain and low back pain among teachers].","authors":"Joanna Maria Zyznawska,&nbsp;Weronika Maria Bartecka","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic by the WHO, many people in the public sector have switched to remote work, including teachers. This could have contributed to the occurrence of back pain in this group. The aim of the study was to assess back pain in a group of teachers before and after the introduction of distance learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was based upon an online diagnostic survey and included 361 teachers and university lecturers from 16 provinces of Poland. In order to assess the intensity of pain, a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and Microsoft Excel 2021. The level of statistical significance was adopted on the level p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the surveyed teachers, the mean degree of declared cervical and lumbar spine pain increased significantly after the COVID-19 pandemic (p < 0.001). The mean value of the declared degree of cervical pain increased from 2.49±2.81 before the pandemic to 5.44±1.83 during the pandemic. Before the pandemic, the mean low back pain intensity was 2.81±2.73 on the NRS, while after the introduction of remote working, it was 5.53±2.20.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a relationship between the occurrence of back pain and the change in the nature of work in the group of teachers in connection with the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been a statistically significant increase in teachers' back pain intensity since the introduction of distance learning. Depending on the number of hours spent at the computer, the average degree of the declared back pain in the study group increased statistically significantly. There is a need to set the goals of physioprophylaxis and introduce education in the field of ergonomics of computer work in a group of teachers. Med Pr. 2021;72(6):677-84.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"72 6","pages":"677-684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39817970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The obligation to provide medical assistance, and the employee's right to refrain from performing work in conditions not complying with occupational health and safety regulations and lacking personal protective equipment - dilemmas during the COVID-19 epidemic].","authors":"Dorota Karkowska,&nbsp;Romuald Krajewski,&nbsp;Tomasz Adam Karkowski","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the emergence of an extraordinary situation in Poland related to the state of the COVID-19 epidemic, the question returned in the public debate whether in conditions that violate occupational health and safety, lack personal protective equipment the medical staff has the right to refrain from performing work. The National Labor Inspector clearly indicated that refraining from work does not apply to an employee whose employee's duty is to save lives or property. The aim of the article is to analyze the premises of art. 210 of the Labor Code in the context of medical law and professional ethics and to provide the doctrine with an incentive to research on the difficult issue.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>It uses the method of analyzing the current provisions of labor law and medical law. The jurisprudence of the Supreme Court and the views of the doctrine were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The employee duty of a doctor and a nurse is always the obligation to \"rescue\" and \"within\" this obligation, medical personnel, unlike \"all employees,\" do not have the relevant right to refrain. In the context of the rules of practicing the medical profession providing for an exception, i.e., the doctor's failure to take or withdraw from treatment of a patient for important reasons, in a situation where there is no urgent case.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The starting point is, therefore, the distinction between the provisions of the Labor Code of a general character legis generalis and the provisions of the Act on the profession of doctor and dentist as specific provisions legis specialis. An employed doctor cannot agree to practice in conditions that expose patients to harm. Refraining from work by a doctor as an employee by referring is subject to limitations. Med Pr. 2021;72(6):661-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"72 6","pages":"661-669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39866735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and dentistry - safety issues regarding doctor and patient situation in time of vaccine availability.","authors":"Patrycja Pietrzak,&nbsp;Wojciech Hanke","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01140","DOIUrl":"10.13075/mp.5893.01140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since one of the main mode of the COVID-19 transmission is through close contact with the infected person (<1.5 m distance) and body fluids (saliva, blood, aerosol particles), the dentists have become one of the groups being at most risk of being infected. The aim of this article is to present, based on the research search (publications from the last year 2020 and from the beginning of the current year 2021), the general overview of the situation during the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to patients and dentist as well as supporting personal protection. Authors identified 7 questions related to this topic. They address among others such issues as identification of the COVID-19 patients coming to the dental practice; protection of both the dentist and the patient from infection and a need for guidelines on the scope of emergency dental services during the pandemic. Opinions on the subject, expressed by the experts in the field, including general guidelines were also taken into consideration. In general, based on the literature overview, the COVID-19 pandemic has completely transformed the healthcare system, including dentistry. The identification of the COVID-19 patients coming to the dental practice has become a necessity (including taking epidemiological survey, temperature measurement). Currently, since \"the group zero\" in significant part has completed the full vaccination process, the health personnel (including dentists) might feel safer. The efficacy of the vaccines is high and provides a certain sense of security. Med Pr. 2021;72(6):729-37.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"72 6","pages":"729-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39366176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workload, job satisfaction and occupational stress in Polish midwives before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Arkadiusz Mirosław Jasiński,&nbsp;Romuald Derbis,&nbsp;Radosław Walczak","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe, explain, and compare the correlations between workload, job satisfaction, and occupational stress levels in Polish midwives working before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study was cross-lagged in nature and conducted in 2 phases at public health facilities. The first phase took place between March and August 2018 before the current pandemic, and the second in February 2021. In total, 133 midwives working before the COVID-19 pandemic and 92 midwives working during the pandemic were surveyed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis revealed that working during the pandemic, personal SARS-CoV-2 infection and workload were positive predictors of occupational stress. Midwives working during the pandemic experienced significantly higher levels of occupational stress compared to the period before the pandemic. Job satisfaction was found to be a negative predictor of stress in both groups, and to mediate the correlation between workload and occupational stress. The positive influence of job satisfaction on coping with stress was stronger in the group working during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Workload increased, and job satisfaction decreased, occupational stress levels in both groups of midwives. The COVID-19 pandemic, directly and indirectly, increased midwives' occupational stress levels, and reinforced the negative correlation between workload and job satisfaction. The results confirm the important role of working conditions in shaping occupational stress levels. Med Pr. 2021;72(6):623-32.</p>","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"72 6","pages":"623-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}