MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/14349

Wenbo Guo, D. Straub, Pengzhu Zhang, Zhao Cai

{"title":"How Trust Leads to Commitment on Microsourcing Platforms: Unraveling the Effects of Governance and Third-Party Mechanisms on Triadic Microsourcing Relationships","authors":"Wenbo Guo, D. Straub, Pengzhu Zhang, Zhao Cai","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/14349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/14349","url":null,"abstract":"IS research has extensively examined the role of trust in client-vendor relationships, as well as the role of governance in information technology (IT) outsourcing, but little research has been carried out on the latest manifestation of outsourcing—namely, microsourcing, i.e., the sourcing of smaller scale projects. To extend the literature on the traditional IT outsourcing literature—a stream that largely focuses on medium-to-large scale offline projects—we investigate how to develop trust and commitment in a triadic microsourcing relationship which includes the microsourcer, the microsourcee, and the microsourcing platform (MP). We draw on transaction cost economics (TCE) to theorize a model specifically adapted to the microsourcing phenomenon to scrutinize the influences of formal contractual mechanisms, relational mechanisms, and third-party mechanisms. Combining data from a matched sample of microsourcers and microsourcees on the leading Chinese MP, Zbj.com, the paper deploys degree-symmetric modeling (DSM) for construct conceptualization, measurement, and data analysis. DSM is consistent with the holistic view used to develop the research model for triadic relationships. Findings confirm that the MP is critical in delivering governance mechanisms to ensure the development of triadic trust and commitment. The results suggest that researchers and practitioners should pay closer attention to triadic trust and commitment building through proper governance mechanisms in the online microsourcing marketplace. We argue that this work could be extended to other online digital platforms that involve multiple transacting parties.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74341875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Failures of Fairness in Automation Require a Deeper Understanding of Human-ML Augmentation 自动化公平性的失败需要更深入地理解人类-机器学习增强

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/16535

Mike H. M. Teodorescu, Lily Morse, Yazeed Awwad, Gerald C. Kane

{"title":"Failures of Fairness in Automation Require a Deeper Understanding of Human-ML Augmentation","authors":"Mike H. M. Teodorescu, Lily Morse, Yazeed Awwad, Gerald C. Kane","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/16535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/16535","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) tools reduce the costs of performing repetitive, time-consuming tasks yet run the risk of introducing systematic unfairness into organizational processes. Automated approaches to achieving fair- ness often fail in complex situations, leading some researchers to suggest that human augmentation of ML tools is necessary. However, our current understanding of human–ML augmentation remains limited. In this paper, we argue that the Information Systems (IS) discipline needs a more sophisticated view of and research into human–ML augmentation. We introduce a typology of augmentation for fairness consisting of four quadrants: reactive oversight, proactive oversight, informed reliance, and supervised reliance. We identify significant intersections with previous IS research and distinct managerial approaches to fairness for each quadrant. Several potential research questions emerge from fundamental differences between ML tools trained on data and traditional IS built with code. IS researchers may discover that the differences of ML tools undermine some of the fundamental assumptions upon which classic IS theories and concepts rest. ML may require massive rethinking of significant portions of the corpus of IS research in light of these differences, representing an exciting frontier for research into human–ML augmentation in the years ahead that IS researchers should embrace.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75155074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Information Technology Investment and Commercialized Innovation Performance: Dynamic Adjustment Costs and Curvilinear Impacts 信息技术投资与商业化创新绩效:动态调整成本和曲线影响

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/14368

Prasanna P. Karhade, John Qi Dong

引用次数: 22

Strategic Directions for AI: The Role of CIOs and Boards of Directors 人工智能的战略方向:首席信息官和董事会的角色

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/16523

Jingyu Li, Mengxiang Li, Xincheng Wang, J. Thatcher

引用次数: 32

Assessing the Unacquainted: Inferred Reviewer Personality and Review Helpfulness 评估不熟悉的人:推断的审稿人个性和审稿人的帮助性

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/14375

A. Liu, Yilin Li, S. Xu

引用次数: 19

Incorporating the Time-Order Effect of Feedback in Online Auction Markets through a Bayesian Updating Model 基于贝叶斯更新模型的在线拍卖市场反馈时序效应研究

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/15324

M. Chau, Wenwen Li, Bo Yang, Alice J. Lee, Z. Bao

{"title":"Incorporating the Time-Order Effect of Feedback in Online Auction Markets through a Bayesian Updating Model","authors":"M. Chau, Wenwen Li, Bo Yang, Alice J. Lee, Z. Bao","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/15324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15324","url":null,"abstract":"Online auction markets host a large number of transactions every day. The transaction data in auction markets are useful for understanding the buyers and sellers in the market. Previous research has shown that sellers with different levels of reputation, as shown by the ratings and comments left in feedback systems, enjoy different levels of price premiums for their transactions. Feedback scores and feedback texts have been shown to correlate with buyers’ level of trust in a seller and the price premium that buyers are willing to pay (Ba and Pavlou 2002; Pavlou and Dimoka 2006). However, existing models do not consider the time-order effect, which means that feedback posted more recently may be considered more important than feedback posted less recently. This paper addresses this shortcoming by (1) testing the existence of the time-order effect, and (2) proposing a Bayesian updating model to represent buyers’ perceived reputation considering the time-order effect and assessing how well it can explain the variation in buyers’ trust and price premiums. In order to validate the time-order effect and evaluate the proposed model, we conducted a user experiment and collected real-life transaction data from the eBay online auction market. Our results confirm the existence of the time-order effect and the proposed model explains the variation in price premiums better than the benchmark models. The contribution of this research is threefold. First, we verify the time-order effect in the feedback mechanism on price premiums in online markets. Second, we propose a model that provides better explanatory power for price premiums in online auction markets than existing models by incorporating the time-order effect. Third, we provide further evidence for trust building via textual feedback in online auction markets. The study advances the understanding of the feedback mechanism in online auction markets.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79875192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Theorizing Process Dynamics with Directed Graphs: A Diachronic Analysis of Digital Trace Data 用有向图理论化过程动力学:数字轨迹数据的历时分析

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/15360

B. Pentland, Emmanuelle Vaast, J. R. Wolf

{"title":"Theorizing Process Dynamics with Directed Graphs: A Diachronic Analysis of Digital Trace Data","authors":"B. Pentland, Emmanuelle Vaast, J. R. Wolf","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/15360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15360","url":null,"abstract":"The growing availability of digital trace data has generated unprecedented opportunities for analyzing, explaining, and predicting the dynamics of process change. While research on process organization studies theorizes about process and change, and research on process mining rigorously measures and models business processes, there has so far been limited research that measures and theorizes about process dynamics. This gap represents an opportunity for new information systems research. This research note lays the foundation for such an endeavor by demonstrating the use of process mining for diachronic analysis of process dynamics. We detail the definitions, assumptions, and mechanics of an approach that is based on representing processes as weighted, directed graphs. Using this representation, we offer a precise definition of process dynamics that focuses attention on describing and measuring changes in process structure over time. We analyze process structure over two years at four dermatology clinics. Our analysis reveals process changes that were invisible to the medical staff in the clinics. This approach offers empirical insights that are relevant to many theoretical perspectives on process dynamics.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83365956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

A Deep Learning Approach for Recognizing Activity of Daily Living (ADL) for Senior Care: Exploiting Interaction Dependency and Temporal Patterns 一种识别老年护理日常生活活动的深度学习方法:利用交互依赖和时间模式

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/15574

Hongyi Zhu, S. Samtani, Randall A. Brown, Hsinchun Chen

{"title":"A Deep Learning Approach for Recognizing Activity of Daily Living (ADL) for Senior Care: Exploiting Interaction Dependency and Temporal Patterns","authors":"Hongyi Zhu, S. Samtani, Randall A. Brown, Hsinchun Chen","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/15574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15574","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the health and safety of senior citizens who live alone is a growing societal concern. The Activity of Daily Living (ADL) approach is a common means to monitor disease progression and the ability of these individuals to care for themselves. However, the prevailing sensor-based ADL monitoring systems primarily rely on wearable motion sensors, capture insufficient information for accurate ADL recognition, and do not provide a comprehensive understanding of ADLs at different granularities. Current healthcare IS and mobile analytics research focuses on studying the system, device, and provided services, and is in need of an end-to-end solution to comprehensively recognize ADLs based on mobile sensor data. This study adopts the design science paradigm and employs advanced deep learning algorithms to develop a novel hierarchical, multiphase ADL recognition framework to model ADLs at different granularities. We propose a novel 2D interaction kernel for convolutional neural networks to leverage interactions between human and object motion sensors. We rigorously evaluate each proposed module and the entire framework against state-of-the-art benchmarks (e.g., support vector machines, DeepConvLSTM, hidden Markov models, and topic-modeling-based ADLR) on two real-life motion sensor datasets that consist of ADLs at varying granularities: Opportunity and INTER. Results and a case study demonstrate that our framework can recognize ADLs at different levels more accurately. We discuss how stakeholders can further benefit from our proposed framework. Beyond demonstrating practical utility, we discuss contributions to the IS knowledge base for future design science-based cybersecurity, healthcare, and mobile analytics applications.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81973604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Is Hidden Safe? Location Protection against Machine-Learning Prediction Attacks in Social Networks 隐藏安全吗?社交网络中防止机器学习预测攻击的位置保护

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/16266

Xiao Han, Leye Wang, Weiguo Fan

{"title":"Is Hidden Safe? Location Protection against Machine-Learning Prediction Attacks in Social Networks","authors":"Xiao Han, Leye Wang, Weiguo Fan","doi":"10.25300/misq/2021/16266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/16266","url":null,"abstract":"User privacy protection is a vital issue of concern for online social networks (OSNs). Even though users often intentionally hide their private information in OSNs, since adversaries may conduct prediction attacks to predict hidden information using advanced machine learning techniques, private information that users intend to hide may still be at risk of being exposed. Taking the current city listed on Facebook profiles as a case, we propose a solution that estimates and manages the exposure risk of users’ hidden information. First, we simulate an aggressive prediction attack using advanced state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms by proposing a new current city prediction framework that integrates location indications based on various types of information exposed by users, including demographic attributes, behaviors, and relationships. Second, we study prediction attack results to model patterns of prediction correctness (as correct predictions lead to information exposures) and construct an exposure risk estimator. The proposed exposure risk estimator has the ability not only to notify users of exposure risks related to their hidden current city but can also help users mitigate exposure risks by overhauling and selecting countermeasures. Moreover, our exposure risk estimator can improve the privacy management of OSNs by facilitating empirical studies on the exposure risks of OSN users as a group. Taking the current city as a case, this work offers insight on how to protect other types of private information against machine-learning prediction attacks and reveals several important implications for both practice management and future research.","PeriodicalId":18743,"journal":{"name":"MIS Q.","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78913903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Tweet to the Top? Social Media Personal Branding and Career Outcomes 推特到高层?社交媒体个人品牌和职业成果

MIS Q. Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.25300/misq/2021/14617

Yanzhen Chen, Huaxia Rui, A. Whinston

引用次数: 10

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