Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Improving the Efficiency of Water Fire Extinguishing Systems Operation by Using Guanidine Polymers","authors":"T. Maglyovana, T. Nyzhnyk, S. Stas, D. Kolesnikov, T. Strikalenko","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.196881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.196881","url":null,"abstract":"This study has established the possibility of obtaining water extinguishing agents, which can reduce hydraulic resistance (with the Toms effect) by using guanidine derivatives. A cationic polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride surfactant with a molecular weight of 10,000–11,000 u was used for experimental study. It has been shown that the addition of insignificant concentrations (0.03–0.290 %) of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, which belongs to class IV of toxicity and is an effective inhibitor of biocorrosion, increases a flow rate of water fire extinguishing agent by 1.20–1.78 times when using the RSK-50 fire barrel. We have established experimentally an increase in the flow rate of a polymer solution from drencher nozzles by 1.86–7.69 % in the concentration range (0.3–1.4 %) along the examined pipeline (1 m and 13 m). An increase in pressure by 2–6 % has been observed compared with the initial values under such conditions. The used polymer has properties of a \"biologically soft\" surfactant and meets high environmental requirements of the environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. One can use it to develop formulations for environmentally acceptable water extinguishing agents and their application in firefighting practice. The above allows us to argue that the directed use of salts of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride is possible to reduce hydraulic losses in water extinguishing systems. One can apply them to improve engineering and technical measures for preventing and responding to emergencies","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90599315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns in the Synthesis Processes and the Characteristics of Silicate-Spinal Ceramic Pigments When Introducing Mineralizers","authors":"O. Zaichuk, Аleksandra Amelina, Olena Khomenko, N. Sribniak, L. Tsyhanenko, O. Savchenko, Oleksandr Telichenko","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.196725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.196725","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of ceramic pigments is conventionally carried out at a high temperature (not less than 1,200 °C). Its reduction implies using mineralizing additives, which have a different mechanism of action on the starting components of pigment charges. The effectiveness of the mineralizers is determined by their nature, content, degree of dispersion in the activated reagent. Thus, searching for the most effective mineralizers in the synthesis, in particular, of silicate-spinel ceramic pigments is an important scientific and practical task.We have investigated the effect of various mineralizing additives (B2O3, Na2B4O7, Na2O, NaF) on the processes of forming the crystal-phase composition of slag-containing ceramic pigments and the change in their color indicators. A direct dependence has been established between the melting point of the mineralizers and the efficiency of their influence on the formation of spinel phases, which are color carriers in such pigments. The tangible effect of the introduction of sodium fluoride, which has the highest melting point among the examined additives, is achieved as a result of the firing of pigments at a temperature not lower than 1,150 °C. The effect of sodium oxide is effective starting at a temperature of 1,100 °C. The most expedient to apply are the boron-containing compounds. Their introduction makes it possible to lower the firing temperature of slag-containing pigments to 1,050 °C while completely binding the starting components in the spinel solid solutions. The ceramic pigments that are thus synthesized enable the formation of glazed coatings, which, in terms of qualitative indicators, are not inferior to coatings obtained with the addition of high-temperature pigments (a firing temperature of 1,200–1,250 °С). The formation of silicate phases (diopside and wollastonite), which are not color carriers in the examined pigments, undergoes effective mineralized action from the supplements of NaF and B2O3","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81345983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of High-Effective Steel Corrosion Inhibitors in Water-Oil Mixtures","authors":"N. Gomelya, I. Trus, O. Stepova, O. Kyryliuk, O. Hlushko","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.194315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.194315","url":null,"abstract":"It is a relevant and practically important task for environmental protection to devise effective means to protect metals against corrosion in aggressive media containing water, petroleum products, carbolic acids, and mineral salts. To stop corrosion, corrosion inhibitors are used that must be constantly improved and whose composition must be properly adjusted. The main drawback of the highly effective inhibitors based on alkyl imidazolines, a mixture of alkyl imidazolines with alkyl pyridinium and/or quaternary ammonium compounds soluble in a methanol medium, is their high prices at relatively significant consumption in the corrosive environment. This paper reports the synthesis of steel corrosion inhibitors in oil-containing aqueous environments that meet the stricter ecological and economic requirements. It has been shown that increasing the level of water mineralization improves the corrosive activity of aqueous environments relative to unalloyed steels. The presence of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, or carboxylic acids leads to the oxidation of water-oil mixtures resulting in the increased rate of steel corrosion. We have studied the effectiveness of the synthesized inhibitors based on oil and polyethylene polyamines containing imidazolines. At a temperature of 80 °C, the mixture that contained 200 cm3of a 3 % sodium chloride solution, 800 cm3of oil, and at the concentration of acetic acid of 0.5 and 3.0 g/dm3 at the inhibitor dose of 50 mg/dm3, has reached the degree of protection of steel against corrosion at the level of 90–92 %. Based on a full factorial experiment, the regression equation has been derived that makes it possible to easily enough calculate an optimal dose of the steel corrosion inhibitor in water-oil mixtures. It has been shown that the synthesized inhibitor shows prospects for protecting metals against corrosion both in the mineralized waters containing oil and in the presence of petroleum products containing water","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Miniaturization Techniques of Microstrip Patch Antenna","authors":"Shivani Chourasia, S. Sharma, Dr Pankaj Goswami","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3550995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3550995","url":null,"abstract":"Microstrip patch antenna(MPA) gained acceptance worldwide in the field of communication. It offers several advantages such as light weight, low profile, easy to design & fabricate with circuit elements. It consists of a radiating patch imprinted on a substrate placed over a ground plane. The minimum dimension of patch antenna is of the order half a wavelength. But, their bandwidth is narrow. Due to the advancement in technology in recent years, the requirement of reducing the size of patch antenna was felt. In this review paper, the researcher has discussed some of the techniques that are being used to miniaturize the size of the patch antenna. These include slot-cutting in radiating patch, re-shaping ground plane and antenna, shorting and folding of patch antenna and use of meta-materials. Also, its major attributes and limitations are highlighted along with their effects on the antenna performance","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"409 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79818100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Droplet Generation and Blowing Parameters Helps for Interface Reaction During BOS Processes","authors":"Jagdish Nayak, P. Prusty, P. Behera","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3541520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3541520","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet generation phenomenon and its dependence on process parameters have been determined using a predictive numerical model, which predict droplet generation rate based on the blowing number. Evaluation of blowing number is performed depending on lance dynamics, oxygen flow rate and surface tension. The developed model considers surface tension as a function of oxygen, carbon and sulphur content of bath and bath temperature. Bath temperature is predicted using the enthalpy change of oxidation reactions and change of specific heat in each component present in the bath. Predicted end blow carbon concentration and bath temperature correspond well with the experimental values obtained from steel plant. The effect of lance angle and lance height on droplet generation is also taken in account. It has been found that the rate of droplet generation in melt increases with increases of blowing number (NB) and jet momentum onto the metal bath. Bath temperature is found to be more dominating factor for droplet generation process compared to lance height.","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80265123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) Over Sulfated Zinc Oxide Catalyst","authors":"Richa Tomer, Somshubhra Maity, Prakash Biswas","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3721524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3721524","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide and sulfated zinc oxide catalysts prepared by precipitation and wetness impregnation methods, respectively, and characterized by various sophisticated techniques like XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, TGA, NH3-TPD and N2 adsorption-desorption. These catalysts tested for glucose dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) formation and the influence of several reaction constraints as reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, and sulfation loading on ZnO were evaluated in terms of glucose conversion and 5-HMF Yield. Catalytic activity results demonstrated a maximum of 15.8 % 5-HMF yield with complete conversion of glucose over 2.5M SO42-/ZnO catalyst at 220°C after a reaction time of 6 h in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reaction solvent. The formation of other unidentified side reaction products restricted the higher yield of HMF. Reaction parameter study suggested that higher reaction temperature (> 220oC), higher substrate to catalyst ratio (> 0.5) was not beneficial for higher yield of HMF. Longer reaction time has not affected the yield of HMF. The results obtained also suggested that the acidic nature of catalyst was responsible for the high conversion of glucose.","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87530511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscale Electric Fields Induced by Galvanically Coupled Ti-Mg Metal-Metal Composites Promote Antibacterial Activity","authors":"Si-hui Ouyang, K. Zheng, Weidong Zhang, Wen-juan Chen, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73417849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Strengthening and Embrittlement Mechanisms of an Additively Manufactured Nickel-Base Superalloy","authors":"Jinghao Xu, H. Gruber, R. Boyd, Shuang Jiang, R. Peng, J. Moverare","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3513124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3513124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The γ′ phase strengthened Nickel-base superalloy is one of the most significant dual-phase alloy systems for high-temperature engineering applications. The tensile properties of laser powder-bed-fused IN738LC superalloy in the as-built state have been shown to have both good strength and ductility compared with its post-thermal treated state. A microstructural hierarchy composed of weak texture, sub-micron cellular structures and dislocation cellular walls was promoted in the as-built sample. After post-thermal treatment, the secondary phase γ′ precipitated with various size and fraction depending on heat treatment process. For room-temperature tensile tests, the dominated deformation mechanism is planar slip of dislocations in the as-built sample while dislocations bypassing the precipitates via Orowan looping in the γ′ strengthened samples. The extraordinary strengthening effect due to the dislocation substructure in the as-built sample provides an addition of 372 MPa in yield strength. The results of our calculation are in agreement with experimental yield strength for all the three different conditions investigated. Strikingly, the γ′ strengthened samples have higher work hardening rate than as-built sample but encounter premature failure. Experimental evidence shows that the embrittlement mechanism in the γ′ strengthened samples is caused by the high dislocation hardening of the grain interior region, which reduces the ability to accommodate further plastic strain and leads to premature intergranular cracking. On the basis of these results, the strengthening micromechanism and double-edge effect of strength and ductility of Nickel-base superalloy is discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81868177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two New Copper(Ii) Binuclear Complexes with Azo Functionalized 2-[(E)-(Pyridine-2yl-Hydrazono)Methyl]Phenol: Characterization, Molecular Structures, Quantum Chemical Calculations, Cryomagnetic Properties and Catalytic Activity","authors":"Prof. R. N. Patel, S. K. Patel, D. Kumhar, N. Patel, Abhay Kumar Pate, R. Jadeja, N. Patel, R. Butcher, M. Cortijo, S. Herrero","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3606194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3606194","url":null,"abstract":"The Schiff base is synthesized by the reaction of 2-hydrazinopyridine and salicylaldehyde. The copper(II) binuclear complexes [Cu 2 (µ 2 -ClO 4 )(L) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ](ClO 4 )·H 2 O (1) and [Cu 2 (µ 2 -pyrazine)(L) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 (2) with 2-[(E)-(pyridine-2yl-hydrazono)methyl]phenol (HL), were synthesized and characterized using various physicochemical techniques. The molecular structures of both binuclear complexes were evaluated by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Analysis of the supramolecular synthons and their effect on crystal packing is conferred in the context of crystal engineering. The electron paramagnetic spectra are reported as well. The electrochemical behavior of both complexes was explored using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The electronic and spectral properties are described by quantum chemical calculations (TD and DFT).The cryomagnetic investigation (2-300 K) reveal antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between two copper(II) centres of different strength: J CuCu = -21.6 and J CuCu = -6.8 cm -1 for  1 and 2 , respectively. The strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the copper centers found in 1 could be explained not only by magnetic exchange through hydrogen bonds but also through the π-π stacking of the Schiff base ligands. Both binuclear complexes exhibit catalytic activity toward the dismutation of superoxide anion at physiological pH. Although the activity in both complexes is lower than the native enzyme, they have potential as antioxidant SOD model for pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83090478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universality of Temperature Dependence of Twinning Stress in Ni-Mn-Ga 10M Martensite and Effect of Crystal Quality","authors":"D. Musiienko, Frans Nilsén, Andrew Armstrong, M. Rameš, R. Colman, P. Müllner, O. Heczko, L. Straka","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3606816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3606816","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate experimentally the universality of the temperature dependences of twinning stress of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ twins in Ni₅₀Mn₂₈Ga₂₂ five-layered modulated martensite. Single crystals from different producers are compared to distinguish the universal behaviour and the effects of crystal quality. The twinning stress is both measured directly and calculated from magnetisation loops. In the vicinity of martensite transformation, the twinning stress is about the same for both types of twins. For type Ⅰ twins, it increases linearly with decreasing temperature with the slope of -0.045 MPa/K. For type Ⅱ twins, the twinning stress is almost temperature independent, but it increases rapidly near the intermartensite transformation temperature. In the crystal, which does not undergo an intermartensitic transformation and exhibits type Ⅱ twins, the magnetically induced reorientation of martensite is observed down to 2 K. Chemical inhomogeneity and mosaicity of the crystal results in mixed type twin boundaries with temperature dependences deviating from the universal behaviour of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ twins.","PeriodicalId":18731,"journal":{"name":"Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78340752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}