Review on Miniaturization Techniques of Microstrip Patch Antenna

Abstract

Microstrip patch antenna(MPA) gained acceptance worldwide in the field of communication. It offers several advantages such as light weight, low profile, easy to design & fabricate with circuit elements. It consists of a radiating patch imprinted on a substrate placed over a ground plane. The minimum dimension of patch antenna is of the order half a wavelength. But, their bandwidth is narrow. Due to the advancement in technology in recent years, the requirement of reducing the size of patch antenna was felt. In this review paper, the researcher has discussed some of the techniques that are being used to miniaturize the size of the patch antenna. These include slot-cutting in radiating patch, re-shaping ground plane and antenna, shorting and folding of patch antenna and use of meta-materials. Also, its major attributes and limitations are highlighted along with their effects on the antenna performance