Molecular and biochemical parasitology最新文献

Multifunctional glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of parasites 寄生虫的多功能甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111732

PKK Mishra , P. Joshi

{"title":"Multifunctional glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of parasites","authors":"PKK Mishra , P. Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme involved in glycolysis. However, non-glycolytic activities of this enzyme were subsequently discovered including DNA repair, cell death, membrane fusion and transport. Recent studies have identified additional functions of this enzyme in parasites such as modulating host immune responses. For example, <em>Haemonchus contortus</em> GAPDH binds to complement C3 and also interacts with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The enzyme from <em>Leishmania major</em> inhibits TNF-α production in host macrophages. Further, GAPDH of <em>Schistosoma bovis</em>, <em>Dirofilaria immitis</em> and <em>Babesia microti</em> binds to plasminogen that may facilitate parasite migration by preventing clot formation in its vicinity. <em>Trichomonas vaginalis</em> GAPDH interacts with many extracellular matrix proteins that may support initial adhesion of the organism to the host tissues. Surface associated GAPDH of <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> interacts with CD68 of Kupffer cells; a prerequisite for hepatocyte infection. This review discusses the general features of the enzyme and its significance in host-parasite relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 111732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Clinostomum piscidium (Platyhelminthes: Clinostomidae): A first representative from India 首个来自印度的代表鱼形斜口螈线粒体基因组序列及系统发育分析（扁形纲：斜口螈科）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111731

Anshu Chaudhary , Dipannita Ghosh , Agnik Haldar , Ganga Narasimhan , Rakhi Baliyan , Suhani Singh , Bindu Sharma , Hridaya Shanker Singh

{"title":"The first mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Clinostomum piscidium (Platyhelminthes: Clinostomidae): A first representative from India","authors":"Anshu Chaudhary , Dipannita Ghosh , Agnik Haldar , Ganga Narasimhan , Rakhi Baliyan , Suhani Singh , Bindu Sharma , Hridaya Shanker Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The digenean <em>Clinostomum piscidium</em> collected from the banded gourami (<em>Trichogaster fasciata</em> Bloch and Schneider, 1801) in India was morphologically identified, and the mitogenome was sequenced. Our results demonstrate that the parasite mitogenome is 14,318 bp long and consists of 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two non-coding control regions. Nucleotide skewness of the mt genome did not differ so much from other congeners. To date, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome is available for only two <em>Clinostomum</em> species, <em>Clinostomum complanatum</em> and <em>Clinostomum sinensis</em>. <em>Clinostomum piscidium</em> exhibits a similar reorganization of the genome in comparison to all other sequenced <em>Clinostomum</em> species mt genomes except for the NCRs. The non-coding regions, the short NCR (SNCR) and long NCR (LNCR) are present and located between trnE and trnG and nad5 and trnE, respectively, in the <em>C. piscidium</em> genome. This is the first report on the mitogenome of <em>Clinostomum</em> sp. from India. The results provide data for further studies of the taxonomy and systematics of <em>Clinostomum</em> spp. It also advances <em>Clinostomum</em> mitochondrial genome resources, and thus offers imperative insights into the taxonomy and species identification of this genus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 111731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro and in silico evaluation of plant compounds as inhibitors of glutathione S-transferase from Rhipicephalus microplus and R. decoloratus 植物化合物作为微头菇和脱色菇谷胱甘肽s -转移酶抑制剂的体外和室内评价

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111735

Wallyson André dos Santos Bezerra , Claudia Quintino da Rocha , Itabajara da Silva Vaz Junior , Shafi Ullah , Walter Filgueira de Azevedo Junior , Alexandra Martins dos Santos Soares

{"title":"In vitro and in silico evaluation of plant compounds as inhibitors of glutathione S-transferase from Rhipicephalus microplus and R. decoloratus","authors":"Wallyson André dos Santos Bezerra , Claudia Quintino da Rocha , Itabajara da Silva Vaz Junior , Shafi Ullah , Walter Filgueira de Azevedo Junior , Alexandra Martins dos Santos Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ticks are widely distributed ectoparasites that transmit several pathogens and cause significant losses in livestock production. Resistance to commercial acaricides has become increasingly common, stimulating the search for new molecules with potential for tick control. Among possible targets, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a central role in detoxification processes and are therefore attractive candidates for overcoming acaricide resistance. In this work, the inhibitory activity of plant compounds on recombinant GSTs from <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> (rGST-Rm) and <em>R. decoloratus</em> (rGST-Rd) was examined using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> approaches. Compounds tested included 3β-stearioxy-olean-12-ene, diosgenin, quercitrin, naringenin, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin, which belong to different chemical classes, including triterpenes, steroids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. <em>In vitro</em> assays showed that 3β-stearioxy-olean-12-ene and naringenin inhibited rGST-Rm with IC₅₀ values of 148.2 μM and 160.7 μM, respectively. For rGST-Rd, inhibition by quercitrin (IC₅₀ = 37.7 μM), naringenin (IC₅₀ = 177.7 μM), and rutin (IC₅₀ = 115.0 μM) was observed. Docking analyses predicted interactions between these molecules and tick GSTs. Overall, the results support the potential of GST inhibition as a strategy for acaricide development and indicate that some plant compounds may serve as starting points for future tick control methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 111735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the potential role of Opisthorchis felineus infection in cholangiocarcinogenesis 探讨猫角绦虫感染在胆管癌发生中的潜在作用。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111733

Sidhant Jain

{"title":"Exploring the potential role of Opisthorchis felineus infection in cholangiocarcinogenesis","authors":"Sidhant Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between the liver fluke, <em>Opisthorchis felineus</em> (Of) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been assessed by a limited number of studies. In the case of animal models, such studies have pointed towards a causal association between Of infection and CCA. As per these studies, Of has the ability to interfere with DNA excision repair systems through the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. It can also cause accumulation of by-products generated via lipid peroxidation and is also involved in the production of oxysterol like compounds, hence possess the ability to mutate different genes. Although chalangiocarcinogenis through Of infection in humans is not established, but hospital based studies, case studies and case-controlled studies as well as the analysis of medical statistics, especially from Russian Federation, point towards a strong correlation between them. The aim of this work is to present the current understanding of the association between Of and CCA. On the basis of available studies, this work identifies an array of factors linked with Of infection, which have been independently identified as cancer inducers in various other studies. These factors point towards a possible causative link between Of infection and CCA induction in humans but this observation warrants for more epidemiological, clinical and pathological studies to conclusively state Of to be a CCA inducer in humans. However, Of infection, which is currently placed in group 3 of IARC classification for CCA should be re-classified to a higher group of cancer inducers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 111733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation and characterization of a novel glutamate-gated chloride channel subunit (GLC-2) from the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis 犬心丝虫中谷氨酸门控氯通道亚基（GLC-2）的分离与表征

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111734

Jennifer Nichols, Sean G. Forrester

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of a novel glutamate-gated chloride channel subunit (GLC-2) from the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis","authors":"Jennifer Nichols, Sean G. Forrester","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dirofilaria immitis</em> is a parasitic nematode responsible for canine heartworm disease. Current heartworm treatment options include melarsomine chloridrate (an arsenical) to treat adult parasites and the macrocyclic lactones. Unfortunately, resistance to macrocyclic lactones is emerging which is highlighting the need for the discovery of new anthelmintics. Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels are an untapped source for novel drug targets essential for nematode neurotransmission. This work presents the isolation and preliminary pharmacological characterization of a glutamate-gated chloride channel, GLC-2, from <em>D. immitis.</em> Expression levels of GLC-2, identified in the adult female, adult male and microfilaria (Mf) life stages, were measured via qPCR, with highest expression found in the adult stages. Dim-GLC-2 forms homomeric channels with low sensitivity to monosodium <span>L</span>-glutamate (MSG) and <span>L</span>-glutamic acid. Homodimer models were created to visualize docking of glutamate to the binding site, and several potential interactions were identified and compared to the original crystal structure of the glutamate-gated chloride channel from <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 111734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary in vitro evaluation of the immunomodulatory, schistosomicidal, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities of naphthyl-thiazole compounds. 萘-噻唑类化合物的免疫调节、杀血吸虫、抗菌、抗真菌和抗肿瘤活性的初步体外评价。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111745

Karla Crystina Costa Dos Santos, Arthur Van Lauter Albuquerque Pereira, Arthur Félix Freire da Silva, Fábio André Brayner, Luiz Carlos Alves, Diego Santa Clara Marques, Iranildo José da Cruz Filho, Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima

{"title":"Preliminary in vitro evaluation of the immunomodulatory, schistosomicidal, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities of naphthyl-thiazole compounds.","authors":"Karla Crystina Costa Dos Santos, Arthur Van Lauter Albuquerque Pereira, Arthur Félix Freire da Silva, Fábio André Brayner, Luiz Carlos Alves, Diego Santa Clara Marques, Iranildo José da Cruz Filho, Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for new compounds with multiple therapeutic actions is crucial to address public health challenges such as microbial and parasitic resistance, as well as cancer. In this context, this study evaluated the in vitro immunomodulatory, schistosomicidal, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities of 13 thiosemicarbazones (1a-m) and 16 thiazoles (2a-p). All compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity in murine splenocytes, maintaining cell viability above 95%. They significantly modulated markers of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses, increasing levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, mitochondrial and cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular calcium concentration, and increasing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ lymphocyte populations, while reducing nitric oxide production. Against Schistosoma mansoni, thiazoles demonstrated greater activity than thiosemicarbazones, particularly compound 2k (IC₅₀: 31.4 µM for juveniles, 30.1 µM for adults). In antimicrobial assays, moderate activity was observed, with MIC values ranging from 16 to 128 µg/mL against bacteria and fungi. In antitumor tests, thiazole derivatives demonstrated greater potency and selectivity than thiosemicarbazones (IC₅₀: 0.80-0.92 µM vs. 1.11-1.30 µM), particularly compounds 2 g and 2 f. These findings confirm the multi-target therapeutic potential of these compounds, supporting their candidacy for the development of drugs targeting infectious diseases and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"266 ","pages":"111745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-inflammatory effects of valdecoxib found in Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products in an Ankylosing Spondylitis. 在强直性脊柱炎的华支睾吸虫排泄/分泌产物中发现伐地昔布的抗炎作用。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111747

Yu Jeong Lee, Moon-Ju Kim, Sung Min Yu, Jun Cho, Seung Cheol Shim, Eun Jeong Won, Tae-Jong Kim

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of valdecoxib found in Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products in an Ankylosing Spondylitis.","authors":"Yu Jeong Lee, Moon-Ju Kim, Sung Min Yu, Jun Cho, Seung Cheol Shim, Eun Jeong Won, Tae-Jong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke, secretes immunomodulatory molecules that may suppress inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the specific bioactive compounds involved remain largely unidentified. We performed LC-MS/MS-based metabolomic profiling of CS-ESP and detected a compound identical to valdecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, as a candidate bioactive molecule. Then, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy of valdecoxib in curdlan-induced AS mice. Clinical arthritis scores, paw thickness, and joint histopathology were assessed. In vitro cytotoxicity was tested using an MTS assay in both RAW 264.7 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from AS patients. Valdecoxib showed no significant cytotoxicity to RAW cells until at 15 μg/ml and to AS PBMCs until at 200 μg/ml, respectively. In the SKG mouse model, valdecoxib treatment effectively delayed the development of arthritis and significantly reduced its severity (clinical scores of disease control group vs. valdecoxib group, mean ± SEM; 5.28 ± 1.00 vs. 3.84 ± 1.08, p < 0.05). Histological evaluation showed reduced arthritis (Histopathology scores of the ankles, mean ± SD; negative control group vs. disease control group: 0.50 ± 0.45 vs. 9.33 ± 4.55, p < 0.001; disease control group vs. valdecoxib group: 9.33 ± 4.55 vs. 4.75 ± 0.76, p < 0.05) in mice treated with valdecoxib. The current study showed that a compound identical to valdecoxib detected in CS-ESP exhibited robust anti-inflammatory and joint-protective effects in an AS model and highlighted the need for investigation into the chemical identity and immunoregulatory mechanisms of CS-ESP metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"111747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147817650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular identification of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Angiostrongylus chabaudi in domestic cats from the Azores Islands (Portugal) 亚速尔群岛（葡萄牙）家猫中粗绒圆线虫、短troglo圆线虫和chabaudi管圆线虫的分子鉴定。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111721

Romana Teixeira , Ana Valério-Bolas , Isilda Flor , Carlos Pinto , Luís Madeira de Carvalho , Maria Constança Pomba

{"title":"Molecular identification of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Angiostrongylus chabaudi in domestic cats from the Azores Islands (Portugal)","authors":"Romana Teixeira , Ana Valério-Bolas , Isilda Flor , Carlos Pinto , Luís Madeira de Carvalho , Maria Constança Pomba","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domestic cats can be infected with various cardiopulmonary metastrongylids. Although <em>A. abstrusus</em> is widely distributed globally, data regarding the occurrence of <em>T. brevior</em> and <em>A. chaubaudi</em> in Portugal are currently nonexistent. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of cardiopulmonary parasite species in domestic cats from the Azores, Portugal, using copromicroscopy and molecular methods. A total of 57 domestic cats were included in this study, and fecal samples were previously analyzed using the Baermann technique. The detected larvae were collected, morphologically identified, and subsequently confirmed through molecular analysis using triplex semi-nested PCR. 57 domestic cats tested positive for cardiopulmonary parasites by copromicroscopy. Triplex semi-nested PCR analysis confirmed the presence of <em>A. abstrusus</em> (326 bp), <em>T. brevior</em> (520 bp) and <em>A. chabaudi</em> (200 bp) in the Azores archipelago. The present study is the first to molecularly confirm <em>A. abstrusus</em>, <em>T. brevior</em>, and <em>A. chabaudi</em> in domestic cats from Portugal and the first molecular report of domestic cats from the Azores Islands. Future studies are recommended to further investigate the distribution and epidemiology of these parasites in felines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 111721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The efficacy and accuracy of ribosomal RNA depletion methods in the parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti 核糖体RNA耗散法在寄生线虫中的有效性和准确性

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111719

Mohammed Ahmed , Charmaine Bishop , Andrea Betancourt , Vicky Hunt , Mark Viney

{"title":"The efficacy and accuracy of ribosomal RNA depletion methods in the parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed , Charmaine Bishop , Andrea Betancourt , Vicky Hunt , Mark Viney","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2025.111719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The depletion of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a critical step in RNA-sequence analyses, used to enhance the detection of non-rRNA molecules, such as messenger RNAs and non-coding RNAs. However, the efficiency and potential biases introduced by different rRNA depletion methods remain poorly characterized. Here, we evaluated three commercially available rRNA depletion kits – QIAseq FastSelect, riboPOOL, Zymo-Seq RiboFree – for their performance with the parasitic nematode <em>Strongyloides ratti</em>. We assessed the kits’ efficiency in rRNA removal, the recovery of expressed genes and transposable elements, and the detection of spliced leader sequences and genes’ operonic organization. Zymo-Seq demonstrated the highest sensitivity and minimal bias in a measure of gene expression, while QIAseq showed the least rRNA depletion and significant differential expression biases. Our findings underscore the importance of empirical validation of rRNA depletion methods, particularly for parasites and non-model organisms, and we suggest that Zymo-Seq as the optimal choice for <em>S. ratti</em> and related nematodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 111719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145705561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Petasis-amide coupling enabled microwave-assisted synthesis of bis-benzothiazoles with safety profiling and antiprotozoal evaluation Petasis-Amide偶联微波辅助合成双苯并噻唑的安全性和抗原虫评价。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Molecular and biochemical parasitology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111722

Ankita S. Gamit , Tejal R. Humal , Piyush S. Desai , Navin B. Patel , Adriana Moreno-Rodriguez , Gildardo Rivera , Faiyazalam M. Shaikh , Vatsal M. Patel

{"title":"Petasis-amide coupling enabled microwave-assisted synthesis of bis-benzothiazoles with safety profiling and antiprotozoal evaluation","authors":"Ankita S. Gamit , Tejal R. Humal , Piyush S. Desai , Navin B. Patel , Adriana Moreno-Rodriguez , Gildardo Rivera , Faiyazalam M. Shaikh , Vatsal M. Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2026.111722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of amide-linked bis-benzothiazoles was synthesized using an efficient microwave-assisted strategy that integrates the Petasis multicomponent reaction with HATU-mediated amide coupling. The methodology enabled rapid reactions (2 and 5 min) with high isolated yields of up to 94 %, highlighting the operational simplicity and energy efficiency of microwave-assisted organic synthesis. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopy. <em>In vitro</em> safety profiling against J774.2 macrophages demonstrated low cytotoxicity for most derivatives (CC<sub>50</sub> > 200 µM). Antiprotozoal evaluation revealed notable activity against <em>Leishmania mexicana</em>, with compound <strong>4a</strong> (IC<sub>50</sub> = 12.40 µM) and compound <strong>5a</strong> (IC<sub>50</sub> = 27.05 µM) showing the highest potency, along with potent to good inhibition of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> by compounds <strong>5b</strong> and <strong>5 g</strong> (IC<sub>50</sub> = 58.95 and 51.89 µM, respectively). Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that electron-donating substituents (-CH<sub>3</sub>, -OCH3) on the amide moiety reduced cytotoxicity while enhancing antiprotozoal activity. In particular, compounds <strong>5a</strong>, <strong>5b</strong>, and <strong>5 g</strong> emerged as promising lead candidates with a favourable balance between potency and safety for further development as antiprotozoal agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18721,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 111722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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