Peer Community In Ecology最新文献

{"title":"The promise and limits of DNA based approach to infer diet flexibility in endangered top predators","authors":"S. Arnaud-Haond","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100090","url":null,"abstract":"work, the authors assessed the nature and spatio-temporal flexibility of the foraging behaviour and consequent diet of the endangered petrel Procellaria westlandica from New-Zealand through metabarcoding of faeces samples. The results of this dDNA, non-invasive approach, identify some expected and also unexpected prey items, some of which require further investigation likely due to large gaps in the reference databases. They also reveal the temporal (before and after hatching) and spatial (across colonies only 1.5km apart) flexibility of the foraging behaviour, additionally suggesting a possible influence of fisheries activities in the surroundings of the colonies. This study thus both underlines the power of the non-invasive metabarcoding approach on faeces, and the important results such analysis can deliver for conservation, pointing a potential for diet flexibility that may be essential for the resilience of this iconic yet endangered species. The authors have used metabarcoding of environmental DNA from fecal samples of tāiko (Procellaria westlandica), an endangered New Zealand seabird, to better understand its foraging behavior and trophic ecology. Two seasons and two sub-colonies were compared to assess temporal and spatial variation in the potential diets of tāiko. The authors found that surprisingly, talitrid amphipods dominated both the frequency of occurrence and relative number of sequence reads in the fecal samples from tāiko. However, more consistent with expectations, fish and cephalopods were also significant components of tāikos diet – with an important commercial deep-sea species (hoki) featuring prominently, thus suggesting a potential conflict with the fishing industry due to bycatch. DNA foraging Storm-Petrels Hydrobates 8:87-94.","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128544788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When more competitors means less harvested resource","authors":"F. Munoz","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100088","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a game theoretic model of a kind of contest competition for ripening resources. The author develops a simple, mathematically tractable version of the model and also exposes results of a classroom experiment and evolutionary simulations. Overall, theoretical and empirical results seem to generally agree, with the surprising result that more and more contestants “go fishing” when the number of competitors increases. The Nash equilibrium, which is evolutionarily unstable, looks like a good approximation for the evolutionary outcome, for reasons that are not totally clear yet.","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121492048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The difficult interpretation of species co-distribution","authors":"D. Gravel","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"76 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134598897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doomed by your partner: when mutualistic interactions are like an evolutionary millstone around a species’ neck","authors":"S. Billiard","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100089","url":null,"abstract":"Mutualistic interactions are the weird uncles of population and community ecology. They are everywhere, from the microbes aiding digestion in animals’ guts to animal-pollination services in ecosystems; They increase productivity through facilitation; They fascinate us when small birds pick the teeth of a big-mouthed crocodile. Yet, mutualistic interactions are far less studied and understood than competition or predation. Possibly because we are naively convinced that there is no mystery here: isn’t it obvious that mutualistic interactions necessarily facilitate species coexistence? Since mutualistic species benefit from one another, if one species evolves, the other should just follow, isn’t that so?","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123732935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the active vocabulary in Great-tailed Grackles supports their range expansion? New study will find out","authors":"J. Engler","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100087","url":null,"abstract":"on the role of social information sharing leading to range expansion in with large vocal repertoires:","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129618912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a better understanding of the effects of self-shading on Fucus serratus populations","authors":"C. Hubas","doi":"10.24072/pci.ecology.100086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100086","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of the vertical structure of vegetation cover for the functioning, management and conservation of ecosystems has received particular attention from ecologists in the last decades. Canopy architecture has many implications for light extinction coefficient, temperature variation reduction, self-shading which are all key parameters for the structuring and functioning of different ecosystems such as grasslands [1,2], forests [3,4], phytoplankton communities [5, 6], macroalgal populations [7] and even underwater animal forests such as octocoral communities [8].","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124849188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unity makes strength: clustered extinctions have stronger, longer-lasting effects on metacommunities dynamics","authors":"E. Vercken","doi":"10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100084","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, Saade et al. (2021) investigate how the rate of local extinctions and their spatial distribution affect recolonization dynamics in metacommunities. They use an elegant combination of microcosm experiments with metacommunities of freshwater ciliates and mathematical modelling mirroring their experimental system. Their main findings are (i) that local patch extinctions increase both local (α-) and inter-patch (β-) diversity in a transient way during the recolonization process, (ii) that these effects depend more on the spatial distribution of extinctions (dispersed or clustered) than on their amount, and (iii) that they may spread regionally. Microcosm experiments are already quite cool just by themselves and have contributed largely to conceptual advances in community ecology (see Fraser and Keddy 1997, or Jessup et al. 2004 for reviews on this topic), but they are here exploited to a whole further level by the fitting of a metapopulation dynamics model. The model allows both to identify the underlying mechanisms most likely to generate the patterns observed (here, competitive interactions) and to assess the robustness of these patterns when considering larger spatial or temporal scales. This release of experimental limitations allows here for the analysis of quantitative metrics of spatial structure, like the distance to the closest patch, which gives an interesting insight into the functional basis of the effect of the spatial distribution of extinctions.","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133899530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lack of clear dietary differences between ontogenetic stages of invasive slippersnails provides important insights into resource use and potential inter- and intra-specific competition","authors":"M. E. Bracken","doi":"10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100077","url":null,"abstract":"Review of “Trophic niche of the invasive gregarious species Crepidula fornicata, in relation to ontogenic changes” Androuin et al. bioRxiv, PCI Ecology This is an interesting ms investigating the trophic ecology of slipper limpets, using a complimentary biomarker approach, combining fatty acids, isotopes, and natural history. The findings are based on observational data. The writing is generally good; it may be more text in some sections than is absolutely necessary, and it may be preferable to move some text from the discussion to the introduction. The methods and interpretation of the data seem appropriate. The figures are very informative. I have a few suggestions for improving the flow and interpretation below. The Abstract clearly states that ” the trophic niche of C. fornicata does not change significantly across its benthic life” which should have been the expected result. This paper is a classic example of ‘collect a lot of data and see if it tells us anything’. It is also common sense that the FA profiles would be different between the males and females and sampling dates. Abstract: what is ‘opportunistic suspension feeding behaviour’? That is their natural feeding mode, they feed upon what is in the surrounding water column! Overall, this manuscript presents a lot of data – everything they could measure – and no much in the way of synthesis or significance. In essence, it is overkill to make a nonstatement about nonexistent trophic niche differences. There isn’t even a clear discussion of why trophic niche differences would or could make a difference to anything tangible. It is also a dangerous practice to ‘infer’ anything, least of all assimilation of organic material (line 363). Line 429 which states that … the slipper limpet is an opportunistic suspension-feeder that exploits both pelagic and benthic particulate OM… is well known and this study did not discover that fact. It should have references. FA profiles would obviously be different between males and females and would vary over time, temperature, food availability, season, and other environmental factors. The manuscript is excessively long and longwinded. There are some interesting data, but as presented it is just a catalog of results, many of them repeated in the discussion. The entire paper reads like a thesis with every possible data point included. It could and should be shortened by half (at least). It is a tedious read and actual results and their significance are difficult to identify. The many instances are ‘references of convenience’, i.e. what was at hand or cited elsewhere, not the key for the Example: Blanchard 1997 the source that Crepidula","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115231644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allee effects under the magnifying glass","authors":"David Alonso","doi":"10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100078","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, the effect of population density on individual performance has been studied by ecologists using both theoretical, observational, and experimental approaches. The generally accepted definition of the Allee effect is a positive correlation between population density and average individual fitness that occurs at low population densities, while individual fitness is typically decreased through intraspecific competition for resources at high population densities. Allee effects are very relevant in conservation biology because species at low population densities would then be subjected to much higher extinction risks.","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116290087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A planned experiment on local adaptation in a host-parasite system: is adaptation to the host linked to its recent domestication?","authors":"E. Petit","doi":"10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24072/PCI.ECOLOGY.100079","url":null,"abstract":"A recommendation of: Olvera-Vazquez S.G., Alhmedi A., Minarro M., Shykoff J. A., Marchadier E., Rousselet A., Remoue C., Gardet R., Degrave A. , Robert P. , Chen X., Porcher J., Giraud T., Vander-Mijnsbrugge K., Raffoux X., Falque M., Alins, G., Didelot F., Belien T., Dapena E., Lemarquand A. and Cornille A. Experimental test for local adaptation of the rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea) during its recent rapid colonization on its cultivated apple host (Malus domestica) in Europe https://forgemia.inra.fr/amandine.cornille/local_adaptation_dp","PeriodicalId":186865,"journal":{"name":"Peer Community In Ecology","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121499710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}