The European Journal of Physiotherapy最新文献

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Partial versus full range of back extension endurance testing using the Swiss ball in discogenic low back pain patients: A comparative study 椎间盘源性腰痛患者使用瑞士球进行部分与全范围的背部伸展耐力测试:一项比较研究
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.895041
T. Elgohary, M. Hellman, M. Ibrahim, A. Abdel-aziem, Usama Ahmed Khaled, Sameh Ahmed
{"title":"Partial versus full range of back extension endurance testing using the Swiss ball in discogenic low back pain patients: A comparative study","authors":"T. Elgohary, M. Hellman, M. Ibrahim, A. Abdel-aziem, Usama Ahmed Khaled, Sameh Ahmed","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.895041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.895041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and aim: Decreased back extensor muscles endurance is the most common significant finding in patients with discogenic low back pain (DLBP). The aim of this study was to determine whether the holding time at partial range of motion (ROM) is different from full ROM during back extension endurance testing. Methods: Fifty consecutive chronic DLBP patients (35 males, 15 females) aged between 25 and 65 years were recruited using a purposive sample. First, pain, back disability and sagittal mobility were measured to establish eligibility. Second, back extension endurance holding time was tested by measuring back extension on the Swiss ball at partial and full ROM. Results: The mean holding time, in seconds, for first partial and first full back extension was 20.9 (SD = 12.7) and13.2 (SD = 9.8) (p < 0.001), respectively. The mean holding time for second partial and second full back extension was 22.1 (SD = 16.1) and 14.6 (SD = 10.2) (p < 0.001), respectively. The holding time was analysed using paired-sample t-test. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICCs) for partial and full back extension endurance testing was 0.93 and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion: The patients had increased holding time when back extension endurance testing was performed at partial as opposed to full range of motion.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133753781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
From evidence-based practice to evidence-based research – Reaching research-worthy problems by applying an evidence-based approach 从循证实践到循证研究——运用循证方法解决有研究价值的问题
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.917838
H. Lund
{"title":"From evidence-based practice to evidence-based research – Reaching research-worthy problems by applying an evidence-based approach","authors":"H. Lund","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.917838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.917838","url":null,"abstract":"clinicians were blamed for in the 1990s still seems to apply to researchers today. Instead of building our research question on the totality of previous research, we typically do it the other way around. First, we formulate a research question, and then we retrospectively identify previous studies that can support the question. Current evidence shows that several randomized controlled trials have been unnecessarily performed because a clear answer to the research question had already been established (12,14,15). Just as EBP has identifi ed gaps between research fi ndings and clinical practice, the studies referred to above indicate a worrying gap between the recommended and the actual practice among researchers. An international network group is presently being set up and suggests introducing the concept of evidence-based research. This could be defi ned as any research activity in which the research question, the discussion and the conclusion are based on a systematic review of all previous research. The process of formulating a research question and designing research endeavoring to answer the question involves several aspects, such as the resources available, the patients ’ perspectives and the researchers ’ competencies. These factors are important in implementing both EBP and evidence-based research. By including the patients ’ perspectives and the context, we acknowledge the complexity involved in formulating a research question, designing and conducting the study. Similarly to EBP, even though reality is complex and unpredictable, we should build our research program on the totality of earlier research. We owe that to our patients and to our limited research resources. The evidence-based research network suggest that all PhD students, supervisors and senior researchers learn about and perform systematic reviews to anchor their own research questions and conclusions in all relevant earlier studies. Researchers would then have a much better foundation when arguing that their project is “ research-worthy ” and EDITORIAL","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132003260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of asymmetry in pelvic motion – An inter- and intra-examiner reliability study 骨盆运动不对称的评估-一项检查者之间和内部的可靠性研究
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.884162
M. Åström, C. Gummesson
{"title":"Assessment of asymmetry in pelvic motion – An inter- and intra-examiner reliability study","authors":"M. Åström, C. Gummesson","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.884162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.884162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pelvic asymmetry has been suggested to change the biomechanics of the body and result in musculoskeletal pain. It is therefore of great relevance that there are tests that are reliable and valid when assessing pelvic asymmetry. The aim of this study was to examine the inter- and intra-examiner reliability for the standing flexion test (SFT), the initiation of the squat motion test (IOSMT) and the standing hip flexion test (SHFT), assessing asymmetry in pelvic motion around a transverse axis. Four experienced physiotherapists assessed in total 34 participants. Percentage agreement for inter-examiner reliability varied between 59% and 71% and kappa values between 0.2 and 0.4.The percentage agreement in intra-examiner reliability varied between 74% and 87% and kappa values between 0.4 and 0.7. A post hoc analysis of participants reporting low back and/or neck symptoms showed similar results in percentage agreement. A limitation in the present study was that the distribution of findings of pelvic mobility was skewed, which could have affected the kappa analysis. This study indicates in conclusion that SFT, IOSMT and SHFT may be reliable palpation tests in clinic settings. It is recommended that assessment of pelvic motion should include all three tests, since this showed higher reliability than when using the tests separately.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115455983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The accuracy of using elastic resistance bands to evaluate muscular strength 使用弹性阻力带评估肌肉力量的准确性
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.889746
A. Nyberg, M. Hedlund, A. Kolberg, Lisa Alm, B. Lindström, K. Wadell
{"title":"The accuracy of using elastic resistance bands to evaluate muscular strength","authors":"A. Nyberg, M. Hedlund, A. Kolberg, Lisa Alm, B. Lindström, K. Wadell","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.889746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.889746","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Elastic resistance as a tool for evaluation of muscular strength has rarely been addressed even though it is commonly used in exercise and rehabilitation regimens involving the shoulder muscles. The aim was therefore to investigate the relationship and potential difference between development of force during maximal isokinetic (maximum peak force, maximum mean force and peak mean force) and elastic (one-repetition maximum (1 RM)) concentric shoulder flexion in healthy older adults. A total of 30 voluntary adults over the age of 50 (15 women, 15 men) were included. Intraclass correlation coefficient absolute agreement was 0.85, 0.43 and 0.48 for the isokinetic values respectively, when all subjects were analysed together. No difference was found between the isokinetic maximum peak force value and the elastic 1 RM for all participants (0.15 kg, p = 0.791), for men (0.80 kg, p = 0.121) or women (− 0.49 kg, p = 0.135). Variations at an individual level, i.e. 95% limits of agreement, were 3.3 kg for all participants, 2.8 kg for women and 3.2 kg for men. These results imply that elastic resistance could be used to evaluate shoulder flexion strength in both older men and women. However, the variation on an individual level and the lower agreement among women is important to consider.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132855494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The Body Image and Relationship Scale: A Swedish translation, cultural adaptation, and reliability and validity testing 身体意象与关系量表:瑞典语翻译、文化适应、信度与效度检验
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.881913
Ylva Hedin Larsson, R. Speck, K. Schmitz, K. Johansson, A. L. Gyllensten
{"title":"The Body Image and Relationship Scale: A Swedish translation, cultural adaptation, and reliability and validity testing","authors":"Ylva Hedin Larsson, R. Speck, K. Schmitz, K. Johansson, A. L. Gyllensten","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.881913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.881913","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose. Testing a newly developed Swedish version of the Body Image and Relationship Scale (BIRS) for test–retest reliability, convergent validity and inter-item analysis in a Swedish context for breast cancer survivors. Methods. A Swedish BIRS version, translation involving the input of experts and breast cancer survivors, with 41 items (BIRS-S) and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) were sent to a sample of 100 breast cancer survivors, mean age 61.7 years, diagnosed with breast cancer 20–42 months prior to the study. Retest was completed within 2–3 weeks. Results. 71 persons completed both dispatches. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha for the BIRS-S total was satisfactory 0.96 (range 0.87–0.93 for the three subscales). Intra-class correlation for the three subscales ranged between 0.88 to 0.93 revealing test–retest to be satisfactory. Convergent validity between the BIRS-S and SF-36 Physical Composite Score was − 0.68 for BIRS-S total. Convergent validity between the BIRS-S and SF-36 Mental Composite Score was − 0.65 for BIRS-S total. Inter-item analysis revealed the correlation between the original BIRS and the BIRS –S to be 0.98 for all three subscales. The new items correlated with the original BIRS ranging from 0.51 to 0.81 and with the BIRS-S ranging between 0.62 and 0.81. Conclusion. The BIRS-S demonstrates satisfactory test–retest reliability and validity according to the primary hypothesis of a moderate correlation to SF-36. It is not a new scale but an adapted version of the original instrument including specific areas of importance for Swedish breast cancer survivors.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133244270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Contribution of visual and proprioceptive system to the limit of stability in geriatric population – An observational study 视觉和本体感觉系统对老年人稳定性限制的贡献-一项观察性研究
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.895851
Surinder Kumar, S. Tiwari
{"title":"Contribution of visual and proprioceptive system to the limit of stability in geriatric population – An observational study","authors":"Surinder Kumar, S. Tiwari","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.895851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.895851","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Balance is needed to maintain stability during a quiet or pertubated stance. The ability to balance can be compromised by the biological process of aging. Impairment of this ability ultimately results in increased morbidity, mortality, healthcare cost or can lead to a fear for one's safety with a self-imposed limitation of activity. However, there is no argument regarding the role of the sensory system to maintain balance, but conflict still exists regarding its underlying contribution. Purpose: To determine the way the visual and proprioceptor systems contributes to maintaining balance and determine the alteration of contribution by those systems regarding gender, age, height and weight. Methods: Sixty participants of more than 60 years of age were selected randomly. Participants were assessed by a multidirectional reach test on a firm, foam surface and a ball with open and closed eyes on each surface. Results: A visual and proprioceptive contribution of 11.69% and 22.56%, respectively, was found on a firm surface and there was significant change in the contribution depending on the surface. Discussion: We suggested that vision is less able to supplement peripheral input to maintain balance compared with the proprioceptive system. Conclusion: The proprioceptive system contributes more compared with the visual system for postural stability. As the demand increases because of altered environments, the contribution from those systems also increases.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122669841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Costs and outcomes of an exercise referral programme – A 1-year follow-up study 一项为期1年的随访研究:运动转诊项目的成本和结果
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.886291
Åsa Romé, U. Persson, C. Ekdahl, G. Gard
{"title":"Costs and outcomes of an exercise referral programme – A 1-year follow-up study","authors":"Åsa Romé, U. Persson, C. Ekdahl, G. Gard","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.886291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.886291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims: To analyse, at a 1-year follow-up, cost offset and outcomes of changing the physical activity behaviour due to a primary care intervention. Methodology: Participants were 528 inactive individuals with lifestyle-related health problems, 18–84 years, and randomized into a high-dose intervention group (n = 270) or a low-dose intervention group (n = 257). The 4-month lasting intervention “Physical Activity on Prescription” (PAP) contained exercise, education and motivational counselling. At the 1-year follow-up, 178 individuals (95 in the high-dose group, 83 in the low-dose group) were assessed with the IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) short form, perceived physical activity and functional ability (Six Minute Walk Test). Motivation and attitudes towards physical activity were assessed with a questionnaire, and analysed based on factor analysis. Major findings: physical activity increased significantly, but without differences between high-dose and low-dose groups. The rate of inactive individuals decreased from 75% to 53%. Analysis of motivation showed no differences between the groups. Principal conclusion: The PAP-program significantly improved physical activity behaviour at the 1-year follow-up, and reduced costs for inactivity by 22%. Economic incentives, i.e. expenditures and individuals’ own valuation of leisure time, seem to influence preferences for participation in the PAP-program. Social–cognitive factors seem important when changing physical activity behaviour. Prescribed exercise may work pre-motivational for changed physical activity behaviour.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129208688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Different outcome measures and domains of functioning: 18 months follow-up of persons with dizziness 不同结果测量和功能领域:眩晕患者18个月的随访
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.886721
A. Tamber, K. Bruusgaard, D. Bruusgaard
{"title":"Different outcome measures and domains of functioning: 18 months follow-up of persons with dizziness","authors":"A. Tamber, K. Bruusgaard, D. Bruusgaard","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2014.886721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2014.886721","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims: To explore changes in different outcome measures in a follow-up of persons with dizziness, and to investigate if these changes indicate different domains of functioning. Methodology: Sixty-eight persons with dizziness, mean age of 47 years, were included in an 18-month follow-up. Outcome measures used: the Vertigo Symptom Scale, Patient Specific Functional Scale, Disability Scale, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and tests of Dynamic Visual Acuity, Single Leg Stance, and Walking Speeds. Major findings: We found significant improvements in impairments indicated by outcome measures of dizziness and visual acuity, and in activity and participation indicated by outcome measures of standing balance, patient-specific activities, disability and quality of life. Similar patterns of change were also found in subgroup analyses, except in gender. Correlations between change-scores were in the range r = 0–0.6. Significant correlations were found between change scores indicating body function and activity/participation (0.3 ≤ r ≥ 5). We found no correlations between self-report measures and tests. Conclusion: Comprehensive use of outcome measures addressing body function, activity and participation appear to provide information of changes in different domains of functioning. To enable broad and meaningful follow-up of patients with long-lasting dizziness, generic and condition-specific measures, self-reports and tests in different domains of functioning should be further explored.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115041479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Conscious seeing: A description of a reflective framework used with final-year Swedish physiotherapy students in the context of international clinical placements 有意识的观察:在国际临床实习的背景下,对瑞典物理治疗学生最后一年使用的反射框架的描述
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-02-24 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2013.871060
Jenny Wickford
{"title":"Conscious seeing: A description of a reflective framework used with final-year Swedish physiotherapy students in the context of international clinical placements","authors":"Jenny Wickford","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2013.871060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2013.871060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper describes a reflective framework that aims to support physiotherapy students participating in new cultural contexts to develop their personal and professional learning, and their reflective skills. The framework was used by eight Swedish physiotherapy students who did international clinical placements in Thailand and Mexico. This was done as part of their bachelor's thesis projects. The data generated from the reflective process was analysed by the students using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. The outcome demonstrated that this structured approach to reflection facilitated the students’ reflective processes and led to perceived personal and professional insight, increased cultural appreciation and a greater appreciation for reflection. This framework can be a useful tool to support students’ reflection processes in new cultural contexts. It is presented for further testing and development, such as in intercultural contexts in the home country, and by physiotherapy teachers and clinical supervisors.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"2000 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123548412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Predictors for patients with knee complaints receiving physiotherapy 膝关节疾病患者接受物理治疗的预测因素
The European Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2014-02-24 DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2013.852241
S. Karstens, K. Hermann, I. Froböse, S. Weiler
{"title":"Predictors for patients with knee complaints receiving physiotherapy","authors":"S. Karstens, K. Hermann, I. Froböse, S. Weiler","doi":"10.3109/21679169.2013.852241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/21679169.2013.852241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to identify factors that predict impairment in daily life for patients of working age with knee complaints 6 months after receiving physiotherapy. A prospective, multicentre observational study was conducted in private physiotherapy practices. Patients (n = 237) aged 18–65 years with a physiotherapy referral because of knee complaints were studied. Treatment was documented on a standardized form by the physiotherapists and was not influenced by the investigators. The 16-item version of the Musculoskeletal Function Assessment Questionnaire was used as primary outcome measure. Baseline scores for impairment in daily life, symptom characteristics, socio-demographic and psychosocial factors, physical activity, nicotine consumption and comorbidities were investigated as possible predictors of recovery. Predictors identified by multiple linear regression were: self-prognosis on work ability, mental resources, obesity, diagnostic subgroup anterior knee pain and the comorbidities rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. An active primary therapy approach enhanced recovery. Variables explained 38% of variance (adjusted R2). The knowledge of the identified factors supports the setting of therapy goals together with the patient. Therefore, only a short questionnaire is necessary. Moreover, the results underpin the importance of an active therapy plan.","PeriodicalId":186472,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121399742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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