Aqua-bioscience Monographs最新文献

{"title":"Stress Protein HSP70 in Fish","authors":"M. Yamashita, Takeshi Yabu, N. Ojima","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00304.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00304.0111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121569381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Mechanisms in Crustacea Focusing on Selected Prawn Species: Vitellogenin Structure, Processing and Synthetic Control","authors":"M. Wilder, T. Okumura, N. Tsutsui","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00303.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00303.0073","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, shrimp culture has become a significant world-wide industry. Current production levels reach over 3 million tons per year, corresponding to a market volume of over 10 billion U.S. dollars (FAO 2008). Especially in Southeast Asia, where more than 75% of the world’s shrimp culture occurs, shrimp farming has been considered to be the cause of myriad environmental problems such as the destruction of mangrove forest, and deterioration of the coastal environment due to efflux from intensive shrimp farms. Thankfully, much effort has been extended by governments and researchers/technical specialists to address these concerns, and there has been a significant amelioration of the adverse affects of shrimp farming (SEAFDEC 2004). In addition to environmentally-related issues, the Abstract Shrimp culture is a significant world-wide industry, with current production levels reaching over 3 million tons per year. The expansion of the industry has given rise to the problems of environmental deterioration due to intensive-scale culture, and the outbreak of disease. While many of these issues are now being sufficiently addressed, the establishment of sustainable seed production technology is an area that should be given continued attention. In this regard, it remains difficult to control reproduction under hatchery conditions for a large number of commercially-important species. At present, an understanding of reproductive mechanisms in Crustacea is not complete, although in recent years, a great deal of knowledge has accumulated on vitellogenin structure, processing, and synthetic site in a number of economically-important species. This monograph will cover the current status of research on vitellogenin in decapod crustaceans, especially prawns and shrimp, and discuss mechanisms of vitellogenin synthetic control, both demonstrated and postulated. The monograph will also present current knowledge of crustacean vitellogenin receptors, and cover related facets of reproductive development, such as mechansisms of cortical rod formation and the utilization of vitellin during embryogenesis. Finally, future directions for this research and potential applications to aquaculture will be discussed. Reproductive Mechanisms in Crustacea Focusing on Selected Prawn Species: Vitellogenin Structure, Processing and Synthetic Control","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129259143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Biology of Salmoniform and Pleuronectiform Fishes with Special Reference to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)","authors":"M. Amano","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00302.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00302.0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116679415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins: Biochemistry and Origin","authors":"M. Kodama","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00301.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00301.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Plankton feeders such as bivalves often become toxic. Human consumption of the toxic bivalve causes severe food poisoning, including paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) which is the most dangerous because of the acuteness of the symptoms, high fatality and wide distribution throughout the world. Accumulation of PSP toxins in shellfish has posed serious problems to public health and fisheries industry. The causative organisms of PSP toxins are known to be species of dinoflagellates including those belonging to the genus Alexandrium, Gymnodinium catenatum and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum. Bivalves accumulate PSP toxins during a bloom of these dinoflagellates. Thus, the dinoflagellate toxins have been considered as being concentrated in bivalves through food web transfer. However, field studies on the toxin level of bivalves in association with the abundance of toxic dinoflagellates could not support the idea. A kinetics study on toxins by feeding experiments of cultured dinoflagellate cells to bivalves also showed similar results, indicating that toxin accumulation of bivalves is not caused by simple accumulation of toxins due to food-web transfer. Based on the discovery of toxin-producing bacterium in the cells of toxic dinoflagellates, this study suggests that PSP toxins in toxic dinoflagellates are catabolites of bacterial substance in dinoflagellate cells. On the other hand, tetrodotoxin (TTX), a puffer toxin, is reported to be produced by some species of bacteria. Thus, the origin of TTX of puffer is considered to be bacteria. However, the mechanism for puffer to possess TTX through bacteria is unknown. The present study revealed that organisms bearing either TTX or PSP toxins possess both toxins, although the proportion of both is different among the specimens. In fact, a significant level of TTX is detected in A. tamarense. In addition, TTX-like toxin-producing bacteria are found to be infected in the liver of toxic specimens of puffer. These findings strongly suggest that a similar mechanism between bacteria and toxic organisms is involved in the production of TTX and/or PSP toxins in toxic organisms. Aqua-BioScience Monographs Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1–38 (2010) www.terrapub.co.jp/onlinemonographs/absm/ © 2010 TERRAPUB, Tokyo. All rights reserved. doi:10.5047/absm.2010.00301.0001 Received on September 8, 2009 Accepted on October 13, 2009 Published online on April 9, 2010","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132374368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology of Anguilliform Leptocephali: Remarkable Transparent Fish Larvae of the Ocean Surface Layer","authors":"Michael J. Miller","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00204.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00204.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the present state of knowledge about the ecology of anguilliform leptocephali, which are the unique but poorly understood larvae of eels. All eels spawn in the ocean and their leptocephali live in the ocean surface layer. Their presence worldwide and basic biology have not been extensively studied due to their strong ability to avoid standard plankton nets and their fragile transparent bodies. Leptocephali have laterally compressed bodies and contain a high proportion of transparent energy storage compounds. They have diverse morphological features, but appear to feed only on particulate material, such as marine snow or discarded larvacean houses. Some information on their chemical composition, respiration, growth rates, depth distributions, swimming ability, metamorphosis, and recruitment patterns has been reported, which highlights the interesting and unique aspects of leptocephalus larvae. Regional zoogeography and reproductive ecology of adults and ocean currents affect the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of leptocephali, which have long larval durations, but most life histories and larval recruitment behaviors remain undocumented. Their transparency, feeding strategy, and large size seem to be a unique and successful larval strategy, but the abundance and ecological significance of leptocephali in the ocean appear to have been underestimated. 2 Ecology of Anguilliform Leptocephali: Remarkable Transparent Fish Larvae of the Ocean Surface Layer Aqua-BioScience Monographs VOL. 2 NO. 4 2009 to alterations in the ocean–atmosphere system may be affecting the survival of anguillid leptocephali (see Miller et al. 2009a), so there is a need to gain a greater understanding of the ecology of leptocephali. Leptocephali are poorly known largely because they grow much larger than typical fish larvae, and they are rarely collected by the standard-sized plankton nets used by fisheries scientists and biological oceanographers. As will be reviewed below, they have large eyes, mechanoreceptors, and can actively swim both forwards and backwards, so this in combination with their large size appears to make leptocephali well adapted to avoid small plankton nets (≤1 m diameter) or any sized trawl during the day (Castonguay and McCleave 1987a; Miller and McCleave 1994; Miller and Tsukamoto 2004; Miller et al. 2006a). Another problem that has slowed the progress in research on leptocephali is that these larvae typically show no resemblance to the juvenile or adult forms of each species, so it is extraordinarily difficult to match larval forms to adult species using morphological characteristics. Leptocephali differ so much from their adult forms that for about a century they were thought to be a unique type of marine fish (Smith 1989a). Eventually it was realized that leptocephali are actually the larval forms of the fishes of the superorder Elopomorpha, which includes species with both eel-like and typical fish-like bodies. The true ","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125240245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear and Graphical Methods for Fish Stock Analysis with Statistical Modeling","authors":"T. Akamine","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00203.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00203.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Useful methods for growth curve fitting, body-size composition analysis, and estimation of population size in fish stocks are presented. These methods are statistically based on the maximum likelihood method and the likelihood ratio test. Mathematical explanation of the standard Richards growth formula with seasonal change, the generalized reproduction model, and the Awaya method for estimating implicit function models are given. Mathematical proofs of the iteration method, called the Hasselblad method, or the EM algorithm for estimating the mixture of normal distributions, and the Marquardt method for general optimization are shown. For population size estimation, the Petersen method for mark–recapture experiments, the quadrat method, and the DeLury removal method are discussed. These are based on the binomial distribution and the classical Bayesian statistical methods which are also discussed. Mathematical proofs of the sum formulae of the binomial and hyper-geometric distributions are given. The virtual population analysis using mortality rates, the Leslie matrix model, and the linear programming for discrete fishing models are also explained. All the methods stated here can be easily carried out using spread-sheet software. Recieved on March 4, 2008 Revised on March 13, 2009 Accepted on April 28, 2009 Online published on July 28, 2009","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124128249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Ontogeny of Marine Pelagic Fishes with the Implications for the Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources","authors":"R. Masuda","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00202.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00202.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral ontogeny of marine pelagic fishes is reviewed in the context of sustainable fisheries resource management. In carangid fishes, development of sensory organs corresponds with their basic behavior such as phototaxis and optokinetic response, whereas the onset of schooling requires the development of the central nervous systems (CNS). Because docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is indispensable for the development of CNS, quality as well as quantity of prey is important for the development of behavior and thus survival. Among common pelagic fishes, chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, had the best growth performance and their cruise swimming speed was remarkably fast. Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, were slow both at cruise and burst swimming speeds, and were extremely vulnerable to predation by jellyfish. Jack mackerel were slow at cruise swimming speed, but they can make use of jellyfish as a refuge and as a prey collector. Each biotic and abiotic environmental factor, such as water temperature, the amount of phytoplankton, copepods and jellyfish, may work in a positive or negative way for each species, and this can be a driving force for the replacement of predominant fish species. Considering that there are always competition and predator–prey relations among different pelagic fish species, ecosystem based management is indispensable for the sustainable utilization of pelagic fishes.","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124112396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life History and Evolution of Migration in Catadromous Eels (GenusAnguilla)","authors":"J. Aoyama","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00201.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00201.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127680925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on Eel Liver Functions Using Perfused Liver and Primary Cultured Hepatocytes","authors":"S. Hayashi, A. Kumagai","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2008.00102.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2008.00102.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Perfused eel livers, isolated eel hepatocytes, and cultured eel hepatocytes are used to investigate eel liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and lipoprotein synthesis and methods for preparation are described. A novel phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) synthesis pathway from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis in eel liver was elucidated and PEP synthesis pathways in eel, rat, and pigeon livers were compared. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate, lactate, and glucose was investigated by using cultured eel hepatocytes. It was found that 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon didn’t stimulate glycogen degradation in the presence of pyruvate but stimulated glycogen degradation in the presence of lactate. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate was observed even when 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon was present. The characteristics of the lipoprotein synthesized and secreted by cultured eel hepatocytes are clarified. Thyroxine and eel serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) stimulated the lipoprotein synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. In the presence of estradiol-17β, eel serum HDL stimulated vitellogenin synthesis in eel hepatocytes. HDL specifically bound to eel hepatocytes and the ligand of HDL receptor in the plasma membrane of eel hepatocytes was identified to be ganglioside GM4 of eel serum HDL.","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126930486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Morphology of Mitochondrion-Rich Cells in Euryhaline and Stenohaline Teleosts","authors":"T. Kaneko, S. Watanabe, Kyung Mi Lee","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2008.00101.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2008.00101.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134312234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}