Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B最新文献_第8页

Study on Strengthening the Crystallization Process of Removing F and P from Phosphogypsum Produced by Dihydrate–Hemihydrate Wet Process 关于加强二水-半水湿法生产磷石膏脱除 F 和 P 的结晶工艺的研究

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03151-w

Jiangmei Yi, Shuai Li, Wenyu Yang, Yujunyao Wang, Haocheng Hu, Hua Meng, Ye Wang

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Study on Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Ironmaking Ores Reduced by Hydrogen: Reduction Below 570 °C 确定氢气还原炼铁矿石动力学参数的综合研究：低于 570 °C 的还原

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03199-8

Qiaoyu Zheng, Wei Zhang, Kui Li, Bo Feng, Chang Gan, Henrik Saxén

引用次数: 0

A Random Pore Model Approach Towards Hematite to Iron Reduction by Carbon Monoxide: A Computational and Experimental Study 一氧化碳将赤铁矿还原成铁的随机孔隙模型方法：计算与实验研究

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03206-y

Masoud Khani, Habib Ale Ebrahim, Sajjad Habibzadeh

{"title":"A Random Pore Model Approach Towards Hematite to Iron Reduction by Carbon Monoxide: A Computational and Experimental Study","authors":"Masoud Khani, Habib Ale Ebrahim, Sajjad Habibzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03206-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03206-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>In this work, the random pore model (RPM) is utilized for the kinetic study of hematite reduction to Iron with CO. This can significantly contribute to the more effective design of reduction reactors in Iron production plants. Indeed, the developed RPM in this work employs a real pore size distribution (PSD) of the solid reactant, resulting in more realistic and accurate kinetic parameters. Accordingly, the kinetic parameters were calculated via RPM using the data from the reduction experiments of a highly porous pure hematite pellet. Validation of such kinetic parameters by different pure hematite and industrial pellets with various porous structures demonstrated RPM as the most comprehensive non-catalytic gas–solid reactions model. The activation energy obtained for the mentioned reaction was calculated at 25.5 kJ/mol. In addition, oxygen ions showed a mean diffusion coefficient of 1.18 × 10−16 m2/s for the industrial pellets through the Iron product layer. Furthermore, the importance of adjusting the CO–CO2 ratio on the conversion in the reduction reactor was discussed. The results of this work could help reduce the amount of required CO and CO2 product during the reduction of hematite to Iron.<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Fixed-Grid Methods in Addressing a Benchmark Problem Coupled Natural Convection and Melting 固定网格方法在解决自然对流与熔化耦合基准问题中的比较分析

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03198-9

Jibai Kang, Weiling Wang, Sen Luo, Miaoyong Zhu

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Fixed-Grid Methods in Addressing a Benchmark Problem Coupled Natural Convection and Melting","authors":"Jibai Kang, Weiling Wang, Sen Luo, Miaoyong Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03198-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03198-9","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, the fixed-grid method (FGM) has undergone extensive development and widespread application in addressing phase change problems. Nonetheless, comparative studies on various FGMs in convective regime are considerably scarce. Moreover, it has been proven that two-dimensional (2D) numerical simulations can cause large deviations from experimental observations. Therefore, this study, based on a reference experiment involving gallium melting, seeks to comprehensively and quantitatively compare three prevalent FGMs: enthalpy method (EM), total enthalpy method (TEM), and heat source method (HSM). The TEM validates overestimation of temperature at low Péclet numbers, as the heat dissipation induced by non-uniform thermal properties in solid and liquid phases is not accounted for. To address this issue, a revised TEM has been introduced. The three FGMs were implemented within the OpenFOAM software, with over 150 simulations conducted on 3D meshes. The comparison focused on evaluating the numerical robustness, accuracy and stability of these FGMs, along with exploring their similarities and differences in flow patterns and velocities. Results obtained reveal that EM offers accuracy but lacks robustness, TEM manifests relatively large errors and instability due to oscillation with variations in grid size and time step, while HSM excels in robustness, accuracy, and stability. Under an identical discretization scheme, all FGMs predict similar melt front shapes, vortex structures, and velocity magnitudes. However, with the upwind scheme, the velocity magnitude of the secondary flow is approximately 50 pct of that with high-order schemes, yet it tends to overestimate the melting rate. The reason lies in the limited capacity of the slow secondary flow to effectively disrupt the stable and persistent vortex in the primary flow direction, consequently enhancing heat transfer efficiency in this direction.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution Behavior of Titanium Between Ferrosilicon Melt and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Slag: Thermochemical and Structural Assessments 钛在硅铁熔体和 CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 熔渣之间的分布行为：热化学和结构评估

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03200-4

Min Joo Lee, Tae Sung Kim, Joo Hyun Park

{"title":"Distribution Behavior of Titanium Between Ferrosilicon Melt and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Slag: Thermochemical and Structural Assessments","authors":"Min Joo Lee, Tae Sung Kim, Joo Hyun Park","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03200-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03200-4","url":null,"abstract":"The titanium distribution ratio (({L}_{Ti})) between ferrosilicon (FeSi) melt and the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag was measured at 1773 K (1500 °C). FeSi-slag equilibration was carried out using various slag compositions. The ({L}_{Ti}) was presented against the Vee ratio (pct CaO/pct SiO2 = C/S) between 0.3 and 1.2, and Al2O3 content from 5 to 20 mass pct. The ({L}_{Ti}) exhibited minima at about C/S=0.7(±0.1) at a fixed Al2O3 content. In a C/S < 0.7 regime, i.e., relatively acidic melts, Ti4+ ions were considered as network forming [TiO4]-tetrahedron unit in the aluminosilicate framework. However, in a C/S > 0.7 regime, i.e., relatively basic melts, Ti4+ ions were considered to form the [TiO5]-pyramid structure unit compensated by Ca2+. When adding Al2O3 into the basic melts over 10 mass pct, [AlO4]-tetrahedrons take Ca2+ ions for charge compensation, resulting in a decrease of stability of [TiO5] unit because of Ca2+ depletion. At a greater than 10 mass pct Al2O3 content in the basic melts, Ti4+ replaced Al3+ to form the [TiO4]-tetrahedron unit, decreasing the activity coefficient of TiO2 in the slag.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141584918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DDPM Simulation for Fluidization Behavior and Reduction of Iron Ore Fines with Hydrogen in the Fluidized Bed 流化床中铁矿粉的流化行为和氢气还原的 DDPM 模拟

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03205-z

Wenlei Zhou, Fuyong Su, Likun Yang, Sizong Zhang, Hailong Huo

{"title":"DDPM Simulation for Fluidization Behavior and Reduction of Iron Ore Fines with Hydrogen in the Fluidized Bed","authors":"Wenlei Zhou, Fuyong Su, Likun Yang, Sizong Zhang, Hailong Huo","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03205-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03205-z","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the hydrogen direct reduction of iron ore fines is numerically studied by using the Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM) in the fluidized bed. The fluidization behavior at different inlet gas velocities (Ug) as well as the influence of Ug and hydrogen concentration on reduction degree (RD) are comprehensively investigated. The result indicates the increase of time-averaged solids volume fraction for the same cross-sectional heights with increasing Ug when the bed height (H) exceeds 0.06 m. Furthermore, the reduction rate of mineral powder increases with higher Ug value, and the RD reaches almost 100 pct after 4000 seconds of reduction time with Ug ranging from 0.35 to 0.65 m/s. The reduction rate increases noticeably with the increase of hydrogen concentration in the range of 10 to 100 pct, and Fe2O3 can be completely converted to Fe under condition of 65 pct H2 concentration after 4000 seconds. Moreover, higher H2 concentration leads to faster rate of Fe2O3 consumption and Fe production. The mass fraction peak values of Fe3O4 and FeO are in the range of 0.29 to 0.34 and 0.21 to 0.24 under different H2 concentrations, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141584921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of Inclusion Distribution in Continuous Casting Slabs During Strip Feeding 带材喂料过程中连铸坯中夹杂物分布的演变

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03186-z

Rui Zhang, Hong-Chun Zhu, Hua-Bing Li, Zhou-Hua Jiang, Tao Pan, Shu-Cai Zhang, Hao Feng

{"title":"Evolution of Inclusion Distribution in Continuous Casting Slabs During Strip Feeding","authors":"Rui Zhang, Hong-Chun Zhu, Hua-Bing Li, Zhou-Hua Jiang, Tao Pan, Shu-Cai Zhang, Hao Feng","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03186-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03186-z","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding strip significantly enhances continuous cast slab quality. To clarify its impact on inclusion distribution, a mathematical model coupling flow, solidification and inclusion motion have been developed. The upper recirculation, lower recirculation, and unformed recirculation flow occur during continuous casting. Under the resultant forces of drag, virtual mass, pressure gradient, Saffman, gravity, buoyancy, etc., the inclusion motion can be divided into two stages: Injection and Split flow. Feeding strip mainly affects inclusion motion by altering the drag, virtual mass, pressure gradient, and Saffman forces, which are closely related to the molten steel flow. After feeding strip, the lower recirculation on the strip feeding side is compressed, while it on the no-feeding side is expanded. The unformed recirculation flow on strip feeding side squeezes the flow below lower recirculation on no-feeding side. A higher strip feeding speed promotes downward inclusion motion, increasing the chance of being captured between the slab edge and strip. Unformed recirculation flow guides inclusions on the no-feeding side toward the slab edge, while expanded flow directs them toward the center. Consequently, inclusions on strip feeding side gradually gather between slab edge and quarter, while inclusions on no-feeding side first gather toward center and then toward edge of slab with increased strip feeding speed.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141584920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Turbulence Length Scale as A Criterion to Evaluate the Performances of Tundish Inhibitors to Float Non-Metallic Inclusions 将湍流长度尺度作为评估水槽抑制剂浮起非金属夹杂物性能的标准

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03192-1

A. Nájera-Bastida, R. D. Morales, J. Guarneros-Guarneros, J. Rodríguez-Ávila, R. Zárate-Gutiérrez

{"title":"The Turbulence Length Scale as A Criterion to Evaluate the Performances of Tundish Inhibitors to Float Non-Metallic Inclusions","authors":"A. Nájera-Bastida, R. D. Morales, J. Guarneros-Guarneros, J. Rodríguez-Ávila, R. Zárate-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03192-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03192-1","url":null,"abstract":"Five turbulence inhibitor (TI) designs are evaluated to define the highest performance to float non-metallic inclusions through the turbulence length scale analysis. The flow structures in the flow mushrooms, formed by the entry jet and its impact with a TI, generate coherent structures in the boundary layers’ walls of this device. The second invariant of the velocity gradient, Q, analyzes these structures. In the mushroom region, the inhibitor yielding the largest magnitudes of this second invariant has the most significant efficiency to float inclusions. Other criteria like the wall shear stress, the turbulent viscosity ratio, and the kinetic energy/friction velocity ratio are proved to be as valuable as the Q criterion to assess the performance of a given TI to float inclusions. This theory was tested numerically through the dynamics of amine particles in a tundish water model to simulate the dynamics of the non-metallic inclusions in steel and with amine powder injection experiments. The mass of powder escaping through the strand decreased as the absolute magnitudes of these criteria rose.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141584919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissolution of Oxide Particles in Multi-component Slags Governed by Diffusive and Convective Fluxes 多组分炉渣中氧化物颗粒的溶解受扩散和对流通量控制

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03175-2

Daniel Marian Ogris, Susanne Michelic, Ernst Gamsjäger

引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic Study of High-Purity TiSi2 Prepared by Directional Solidification 定向凝固法制备高纯 TiSi2 的热力学研究

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03194-z

Yakun Zhang, Yun Lei, Yongsheng Ren, Wenhui Ma

引用次数: 0