Medwave最新文献 - Book学术

General concepts on health economic evaluations.

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2981

Fernando Briceño Muga, Javier Gallegos, Eva Madrid, Camila Quirland, Roberto Garnham

引用次数: 0

Current concepts on the use of the partogram to monitor labor progression.

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2966

Luis Rojas Cedeño, Jorge A Carvajal

{"title":"Current concepts on the use of the partogram to monitor labor progression.","authors":"Luis Rojas Cedeño, Jorge A Carvajal","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2966","url":null,"abstract":"The partogram is a graphic tool used to monitor labor progression. This article reviews the recent literature on the use of the partogram, aiming to evaluate whether its implementation reduces cesarean section rates and to determine which model is more appropriate. Studies that compared using the partogram with not using it were analyzed, as well as studies that contrasted different partogram models. The results indicate that partogram use is not associated with a significant reduction in cesarean section rate, particularly in countries with low cesarean section rates. However, the modified World Health Organization partogram, which eliminates the latent phase, appears to have advantages over the classic 1994 model, with significantly lower cesarean section rates. Although the partogram has not shown significant benefits in reducing cesarean sections, it is still a useful tool for graphically documenting the progress of labor, which could improve clinical decision-making. In Chile, the high cesarean section rates, close to 45%, suggest that implementing the WHO 2000 partogram could be beneficial. However, local studies are needed to confirm the potential benefits of reducing cesarean sections.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 11","pages":"e2966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tomographic presentation with miliary appearance in an immunocompromised patient with pulmonary candidiasis: A case report.

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2975

Luis Alejandro Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Diana Cecilia Ruiz-Caballero, Colunche-Narváez César Augusto, Vega-Fernández Amalia Guadalupe, Rodríguez-Sáenz Theresina Elizabeth

{"title":"Tomographic presentation with miliary appearance in an immunocompromised patient with pulmonary candidiasis: A case report.","authors":"Luis Alejandro Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Diana Cecilia Ruiz-Caballero, Colunche-Narváez César Augusto, Vega-Fernández Amalia Guadalupe, Rodríguez-Sáenz Theresina Elizabeth","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.11.2975","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Candida albicans infection shows a wide range of patterns on chest computed tomography, including ground glass opacities and consolidation, with the miliary pattern being the least frequent. The miliary pattern is not exclusive to tuberculosis. Fungal lung infections are rare and potentially fatal. Colonization by Candida albicans, associated with impaired immunity, requires early empirical antifungal therapy to improve survival.Case report: 48-year-old male patient with persistent productive cough, mucopurulent expectoration, dyspnea on moderate exertion, night sweats, elevated temperature, and weight loss. Chest tomography revealed miliary interstitial lung disease, and he was prescribed antituberculosis treatment. The pathologic result of the biopsy concluded the presence of moderately differentiated keratinized infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma. The patient died.Dicussion: The miliary tomographic pattern requires a broader approach for accurate diagnosis. The reported case presented with oral candidiasis and impaired immunity. Previous colonization associated with impaired immunity is the most important factor found for disseminated candidiasis.Conclusion: The miliary radiological pattern is not exclusive to tuberculosis, warranting a more precise diagnostic approach. It is important to diagnose disseminated candidiasis in order to initiate early antifungal therapy and thus improve survival.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 11","pages":"e2975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first attending physicians of the San Juan de Dios Hospital in La Serena and the organization of the sanitary taxation in the mid-19th century. 拉塞雷纳圣胡安-德迪奥斯医院的首批主治医生和 19 世纪中叶的卫生税收组织。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2971

Alex Ovalle Letelier, Daniel Briones Molina

引用次数: 0

Key elements for understanding and developing qualitative research for health professionals. 了解和发展卫生专业人员定性研究的关键要素。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2972

Nicole Molina-González, Felipe Álvarez-Busco, Carlos Cabrera-Ubilla, Sebastián Villagrán-Pradena, Fanny Leyton-Álvarez, María Guerra-Zúñiga

引用次数: 0

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools for the Chilean population. 针对智利人口的长冠状病毒病（COVID）症状和影响工具的翻译和文化调整。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2992

Vivienne C Bachelet, Rosa Jiménez-Paneque, Sergio Muñoz, Patricio Gomolán, Amanda Sánchez, Ignacio Silva-Ayarza, Mercedes López Nitsche

{"title":"Translation and cultural adaptation of the Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools for the Chilean population.","authors":"Vivienne C Bachelet, Rosa Jiménez-Paneque, Sergio Muñoz, Patricio Gomolán, Amanda Sánchez, Ignacio Silva-Ayarza, Mercedes López Nitsche","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2992","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools (ST and IT) were published in English in 2022 to monitor the symptoms and impact of persistent COVID-19. ST includes 53 symptoms selected by the patient. IT includes six aspects of life that the patient must rate from 1 to 10 points. We aim to report the results of the cultural adaptation of both instruments for the Chilean population, together with the content validity of the adapted instrument.Methods: The cultural adaptation was carried out in five steps: 1) translation from English to Spanish, 2) synthesis, 3) back-translation, 4) review by the editorial board, and 5) testing the questionnaire with ten patients; they answered both questionnaires and seven questions assessing their understanding of the TI and their opinion on whether the instrument reflected the impact of prolonged COVID-19 on their lives. The content validity of the final version of the IT was assessed by 14 experts.Results: The main outcome is the two final questionnaires adapted for use in Chile. Most patients responded with the best concept or approval for all items. Content validity showed acceptable results, with an average content validity index of 0.9 and Aiken's V for the relevance of the questionnaire in general of 0.83 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.92). For one item, Aiken's V was less than 0.7 (95% CI 0.5 to 0.8).Conclusions: This study provides Chilean health authorities and health providers with an instrument for assessing the impact of prolonged COVID-19 on core aspects of people's lives.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 10","pages":"e2992"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic and legal medicine in Chile: Cinderella without a prince. 智利的法医和法律医学：没有王子的灰姑娘

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2978

Leonardo González-Wilhelm, Mauricio Duce

{"title":"Forensic and legal medicine in Chile: Cinderella without a prince.","authors":"Leonardo González-Wilhelm, Mauricio Duce","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2978","DOIUrl":"10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2978","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic medicine is of enormous importance in the functioning of contemporary justice systems worldwide. Therefore, in order to characterize the current state of medicolegal and forensic activity in Chile, a non-systematic review of the biomedical and legal literature on the subject was carried out. An analysis of open sources of information was also incorporated, including the National Registry of Individual Health Care Providers, the latest public accounts of the Forensic Medical Service, relevant background information available on the active transparency portal of that institution, exempt resolutions included in the \"Chile Law\" database (of the Department of Legislative and Documentary Services of the Library of the National Congress) and the lists of judicial experts appointed by the Courts of Appeals of the country for the biennium 2024 to 2025. We note that Chile maintains an unacceptable historical debt in terms of academic development and training of qualified professionals in forensic matters. Likewise, national scientific productivity in this field is practically null. Currently, forensic medicine is the medical specialty with the deepest shortage of professionals nationwide. Consequently, as in the early part of the last century, medical expert opinions are frequently performed by professionals untrained in forensic medicine. This scenario, taking into account the attitudes of certain lawyers and judges (detailed in the article), increases the risk of a miscarriage of justice. National public policies must take urgent action to address the deficits and provide solutions.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 10","pages":"e2978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preventive behaviors for COVID-19 in Chile: Lessons from a population follow-up for 2021 and 2022. 智利 COVID-19 的预防行为：从 2021 年和 2022 年人口跟踪中汲取的经验教训。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2939

Paola Rubilar, Loreto Núñez-Franz, Mauricio Apablaza, Muriel Ramírez-Santana, Xaviera Molina, Luis Canales

{"title":"Preventive behaviors for COVID-19 in Chile: Lessons from a population follow-up for 2021 and 2022.","authors":"Paola Rubilar, Loreto Núñez-Franz, Mauricio Apablaza, Muriel Ramírez-Santana, Xaviera Molina, Luis Canales","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.10.2939","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The rapid emergence of COVID-19 urged policy responses worldwide, focusing on vaccination and mobility restrictions. Chile represents a unique scenario for analyzing personal preventive measures amid intensive communication and vaccination campaigns. This study aims to explore changes in population adherence to non-pharmacological preventive measures during the pandemic and the factors that explain this adherence each year.Methods: 386 individuals who participated in two population-based studies (2021 and 2022) were considered. An interview was conducted to measure adherence to self-care practices, and case and contact tracing by the health authorities. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to measure change between 2021 and 2022, bivariate analysis, and a linear regression model for each year were performed.Results: Mask-wearing in public places was the most commonly used measure (95.9% in 2021, 89.9% in 2022). Follow-up of cases and cases contacts by the health authority had high coverage in 2021 (94.3% and 83% respectively). A greater decrease was observed in contact tracing in 2022 totaling 33.3%. An increase in the score of adherence to preventive practices was observed in 2022 (p < 0.00). The regression model showed in 2021 that women were more likely to adopt preventive behaviors (95% confidence interval: 0.27 to 1.13) and the overweight/obese had higher adherence compared to normal body mass index (95% confidence interval: 0.06 to 0.98). In 2022 being a young adult (30 to 49 years) predicted the adoption of behavioral precautions (95% confidence interval: 0.00 to 1.32).Conclusions: Adherence to preventive measures increased even with high vaccination coverage, likely due to the epidemiological situation with the Omicron variant circulating in 2022.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 10","pages":"e2939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Daily compliance of the ABCDEF liberation bundle for patients in the intensive care unit: A retrospective descriptive study. 更正：重症监护室病人每日遵守 ABCDEF 解放束的情况：回顾性描述研究。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.10.6058

引用次数: 0

Obesogenicity perception of food environments in adults: A cross-sectional study in urban areas of Santiago, Chile. 成年人对食物环境致肥性的认知：智利圣地亚哥城区横断面研究。

IF 1.2

Medwave Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2024.09.2769

Lorena Rodríguez Osiac, Daniel Egaña Rojas, Paulina Molina Carrasco, Rodrigo Villegas Ríos, Barbara Castillo Villalobos, Patricia Gálvez Espinoza

{"title":"Obesogenicity perception of food environments in adults: A cross-sectional study in urban areas of Santiago, Chile.","authors":"Lorena Rodríguez Osiac, Daniel Egaña Rojas, Paulina Molina Carrasco, Rodrigo Villegas Ríos, Barbara Castillo Villalobos, Patricia Gálvez Espinoza","doi":"10.5867/medwave.2024.09.2769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.09.2769","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In Chile, there is a high prevalence of obesity, and most people have an inadequate quality of food. Food environments can constitute barriers that prevent healthy food choices and lead to overweight and obesity, as well as diet-related non-communicable diseases. There are international instruments that allow the characterization of food environments. In Chile, there are no studies on the perception of food environments. This study aimed to characterize the perception of obesogenicity of food environments in the urban Chilean population using an instrument previously validated in Chile.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with probabilistic sampling. The \"Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey\", based on the Chilean model of food environments, was applied to 256 participants from two urban communities of the Metropolitan Region. Scores were calculated for the instrument items, which allowed calculating scores by environments included in the Chilean model of Food Environments. Negative scores were related to a higher obesogenic level.Results: The results show that the domestic food environment is perceived as less obesogenic (median of 15.8 points), with more than 90% of households having fruits, vegetables, and legumes, even though the supply food environment was negative (median -0.19 points). However, about 50% of households had ultra-processed foods. The street food environment was perceived as the most obesogenic (median -1.91 points), with more than 60% of the participants indicating difficulty finding healthy options.Conclusions: According to the level of obesogenicity of the environments studied, it is necessary to have public policies that improve them and ensure the availability and physical and economic access to healthy food, particularly in the food supply and public road environments.","PeriodicalId":18597,"journal":{"name":"Medwave","volume":"24 9","pages":"e2769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0