Medical Sciences最新文献_第5页

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies 治疗胶质母细胞瘤的新型疗法：胶质母细胞瘤回顾；当前治疗方案；新型溶瘤病毒疗法

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12010001

Siddharth Shah

{"title":"Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies","authors":"Siddharth Shah","doi":"10.3390/medsci12010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010001","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors is glioblastoma (GB). About 6 incidents per 100,000 people are reported annually. Most frequently, these tumors are linked to a poor prognosis and poor quality of life. There has been little advancement in the treatment of GB. In recent years, some innovative medicines have been tested for the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of GB and recurrent cases of GB. Surgery, radiotherapy, and alkylating chemotherapy are all common treatments for GB. A few of the potential alternatives include immunotherapy, tumor-treating fields (TTFs), and medications that target specific cellular receptors. To provide new multimodal therapies that focus on the molecular pathways implicated in tumor initiation and progression in GB, novel medications, delivery technologies, and immunotherapy approaches are being researched. Of these, oncolytic viruses (OVs) are among the most recent. Coupling OVs with certain modern treatment approaches may have significant benefits for GB patients. Here, we discuss several OVs and how they work in conjunction with other therapies, as well as virotherapy for GB. The study was based on the PRISMA guidelines. Systematic retrieval of information was performed on PubMed. A total of 307 articles were found in a search on oncolytic viral therapies for glioblastoma. Out of these 83 articles were meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, reviews, and systematic reviews. A total of 42 articles were from the years 2018 to 2023. Appropriate studies were isolated, and important information from each of them was understood and entered into a database from which the information was used in this article. One of the most prevalent malignant brain tumors is still GB. Significant promise and opportunity exist for oncolytic viruses in the treatment of GB and in boosting immune response. Making the most of OVs in the treatment of GB requires careful consideration and evaluation of a number of its application factors.","PeriodicalId":18539,"journal":{"name":"Medical Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia and Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis: An Unusual Case of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance 瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症和冷球蛋白血症肾小球肾炎：具有肾脏意义的单克隆丙种球蛋白病的罕见病例

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040077

J. C. De la Flor, Jesús de María Sulca, Pablo Rodríguez, Daniel Villa, Edna Sandoval, Rocío Zamora, Maribel Monroy-Condori, Roxana Lipa, Henry Perez, Michael Cieza

{"title":"Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia and Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis: An Unusual Case of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance","authors":"J. C. De la Flor, Jesús de María Sulca, Pablo Rodríguez, Daniel Villa, Edna Sandoval, Rocío Zamora, Maribel Monroy-Condori, Roxana Lipa, Henry Perez, Michael Cieza","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11040077","url":null,"abstract":"Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate at temperatures below 37 °C and dissolve upon reheating. They can induce small-vessel vasculitis with renal involvement. Cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis is a rare manifestation that occurs in patients with monoclonal gammopathy, specifically Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. We present the case of a 52-year-old patient with a history of cutaneous vasculitis and hypothyroidism, who presented with generalized edema, moderate anemia, hypercholesterolemia, nephrotic range proteinuria of 12.69 g/day, microhematuria, arterial hypertension, and hypocomplementemia via the classical pathway, without acute kidney injury and with negative serological studies and positive cryoglobulins in the second determination. Serum and urine protein electrophoresis and immunofixation studies showed a monoclonal band of IgM and kappa light chain. Renal biopsy was consistent with cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. In the context of dysproteinemia and cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis, bone-marrow aspiration and biopsy were performed, leading to the diagnosis of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. Monoclonal gammopathies have been described in association with type I cryoglobulinemias. This described association is uncommon, which is why we present this case, along with a review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":18539,"journal":{"name":"Medical Sciences","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138598417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinformatics Analysis of Global Diversity in Meningococcal Vaccine Antigens over the Past 10 Years: Vaccine Efficacy Prognosis 过去 10 年脑膜炎球菌疫苗抗原全球多样性的生物信息学分析：疫苗疗效预测

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040076

Viktoriia Yu. Savitskaya, N. Dolinnaya, Vadim V. Strekalovskikh, Elizaveta S. Peskovatskova, Viktoriia G. Snyga, Vadim S. Trefilov, M. Monakhova, Elena A. Kubareva

{"title":"Bioinformatics Analysis of Global Diversity in Meningococcal Vaccine Antigens over the Past 10 Years: Vaccine Efficacy Prognosis","authors":"Viktoriia Yu. Savitskaya, N. Dolinnaya, Vadim V. Strekalovskikh, Elizaveta S. Peskovatskova, Viktoriia G. Snyga, Vadim S. Trefilov, M. Monakhova, Elena A. Kubareva","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11040076","url":null,"abstract":"Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) serogroup B (MenB) is the leading cause of invasive meningococcal disease worldwide. The pathogen has a wide range of virulence factors, which are potential vaccine components. Studying the genetic variability of antigens within a population, especially their long-term persistence, is necessary to develop new vaccines and predict the effectiveness of existing ones. The multicomponent 4CMenB vaccine (Bexsero), used since 2014, contains three major genome-derived recombinant proteins: factor H-binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial Heparin-Binding Antigen (NHBA) and Neisserial adhesin A (NadA). Here, we assessed the prevalence and sequence variations of these vaccine antigens in a panel of 5667 meningococcal isolates collected worldwide over the past 10 years and deposited in the PubMLST database. Using multiple amino acid sequence alignments and Random Forest Classifier machine learning methods, we estimated the potential strain coverage of fHbp and NHBA vaccine variants (51 and about 25%, respectively); the NadA antigen sequence was found in only 18% of MenB genomes analyzed, but cross-reactive variants were present in less than 1% of isolates. Based on our findings, we proposed various strategies to improve the 4CMenB vaccine and broaden the coverage of N. meningitidis strains.","PeriodicalId":18539,"journal":{"name":"Medical Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138626103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes-in-the-psychoemotional-state-during-the-perinatal-and-postpartum-periods.3 围产期和产后心理情感状态的变化》。

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.53453/ms.2023.11.9

引用次数: 0

The role of radiological imaging in the identification of abdominal parasitoses 放射成像在鉴别腹腔寄生虫病中的作用

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.53453/ms.2023.11.8

引用次数: 0

Silver-Russell syndrome etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnostics and management – literature review Silver-Russell 综合征的病因、临床表现、诊断和治疗--文献综述

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.53453/ms.2023.11.7

引用次数: 0

Effects and application opportunities of music therapy in cardiology- a literature review 音乐疗法在心脏病学中的效果和应用机会--文献综述

Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.53453/ms.2023.11.2